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Rysa, dukt, odcisk (nie)obecności. O spektrologiach Zagłady

Author(s): Aleksandra Ubertowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

This article presents an attempt to analyse concepts from Jacques Derrida’s hauntology and to apply those concepts as interpretive tools. Ubertowska uses them in her readings of post-traumatic literature, in particular texts and images that concern the Holocaust. In the analytical part of the interpretation Ubertowska focuses on motifs of bones and fish-bones in Zygmunt Miłoszewski’s popular novel Grain of Truth, but also in Jonasz Stern’s paintings. The Cracow-based painter’s methods are described as a spectral ‘substitution above and beyond genre’.

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Widma plagiatu. Lowes – Irzykowski – Eliot

Author(s): Maciej Jakubowiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

This article problematizes the figure of the spectre as it appears in the context of Modernist debates on influence, plagiarism and originality in poetry. Jakubowiak analyses theoretical essays by Karol Irzykowski and T.S. Eliot as well as John Livingstone Lowes’s The Road to Xanadu. In these texts the spectre does not play the role of a central figure – in fact it appears rather sporadically. And yet, its presence allows us to reformulate problems of influence and imitation and expressively to reconstruct nuanced strategies regarding these phenomena. Jakubowiak’s theoretical framework is Jacques Derrida’s The Spectres of Marx, with a particular focus on aspects highlighted by Derrida, such as the notions anachronism and muddled origins activated in the title.

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Ciążąca (nie)obecność. Gombrowicz wobec wojny i Żydów

Author(s): Agnieszka Dauksza / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

In her careful new reading of Witold Gombrowicz’s novel Pornografia Dauksza traces elements that indicate the essential role of passages concerning the war, its impact and consequences. Her affective analysis reveals Gombrowicz’s singular obsession with the war, with the lack of agency and with (anti)testimony. A particularly important problem is the presence/absence of Jews in the novel’s fictional reality. Dauksza explores Gombrowicz’s relationships to Jews and points out how important that relationship is within his work. She also engages with his diagnoses and comments on postwar Polish society and with his remedies for the spectral status of that formation.

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„Trójka widm w bezokoliczniku”. Spektralne koniugacje Witolda Wirpszy

Author(s): Piotr Bogalecki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

This article presents an interpretation of Witold Wirpsza’s poem ‘Zgryzota i dalekie światło’ [Distress and a Distant Light]. Bogalecki begins with an analysis of the poem’s formulas and procedures in a Deleuzian context. His goal is twofold: first, to deduce Wirpsza’s understanding of the theme of the spectre, which only becomes meaningful through Jacques Derrida’s hauntology and the works of Giorgio Agamben and John D. Caputo. The second goal is to indicate a direction for a post-secular reinterpretation of Wirpsza’s work. His return to the theological or religious tradition can be understood as a deconstruction of the traditional form of religious and metaphysical poetry. The effect turns out to be an affirmative recognition of the language of religion as a spectre that incessantly ‘haunts’ modern, seemingly secularized discourses.

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Pięć punktów w widmowych wierszach Ryszarda Krynickiego

Author(s): Iwona Misiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Analysed through concepts from Jacques Derrida’s hauntology, Mark Augé’s notion of the non-place, as well as Helen Vendler’s notion of the breaking of style, Ryszard Krynicki’s poems reveal points where space and time are punctured/torn. Misiak presents five instances of punctum that open up transitions between being and non-being in Krynicki’s work. The discussion touches on the paradoxical presence of spectres, the status of haunted poems/non-poems, the heterogenous subject, silence and the causes of breaks in style.

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Niedźwiedź z bliska jak żywy

Author(s): Elżbieta Kiślak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Review of Agnieszka Kosińska, Miłosz w Krakowie [Miłosz in Cracow] (Cracow: Znak, 2015)

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Kazalište kao stjecište kolektivne i privatne traume u Erigonu Jordana Plevneša

Author(s): Ivica Baković / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 16/2016

The text problematizes the concept of national history and trauma in the play Erigon, written by the contemporary Macedonian playwright Jordan Plevneš. The starting point of the analysis are some peculiarities of Plevneš’s poetics and of the theatrical conceptions of Antonin Artaud that are central to Erigon as well as the problem of the representation (and performance) of history in drama and theatre. In Erigon one can recognize the critique of eurocentrism and the European centres of power along with their influence on the formation of political and historical processes in Macedonia and the Balkans in general. The main question concerns the societal role of political theatre and its power.

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К ВОПРОСУ О ЖАНРЕ ТА’РИХ В МАВЕРАННАХРЕ XVI ВЕКА

Author(s): Boris Vyacheslavovich Norik / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3 (2)/2013

The article is dedicated to one of the genres of the so called “artificial” Persian poetry – ta’rikh (chronogram), which combines the qualities of a literary composition and a historical source. When analyzing literary merits of ta’rikh, it is important to take into consideration its close connection with other poetic genres and forms (marsiye, hadjv, fakhriye, ruba‘i, qit‘e, etc.). For a historian, ta’rikh is interesting primarily as some rhymed phrases which briefly describe the essence of an event and report its date.

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(KUMUK DESTANLARININ TEMELİNDE) TÜRK DESTANLARININ GELENEĞİ

Author(s): Tomay Ramazan Hasanoğlu / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2016

Kumuk epics has a rich base not only from the side of quantity, but also quality. Works on Kumuk epic creativity is distinguished by possibility of a wide range of clarification of functional character, typological character, and as a whole specificity of epics. Formulas, epic schemes, development of its tendency of the structure of epics are of crucial importance in order to follow development of Turkish epic creativity. Therefore, research on Turkish epic creativity in different ways seems as one of the significant problems of folk of Turkish people.

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Мускус и камфора. "Отъ меня вечоръ Леила…" А. С. Пушкина.

Author(s): Fyodor Dvinyatin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2016

The article analyzes the structure of one of Alexander Pushkin’s last poems—“Ot menia vechor Leila…” (1835—36): from the level of phonetics to the levels of grammar and lexis. Aft er completing the formal analysis, Fyodor Dvinyatin moves on to the poem’s semantics: he singles out the opposition musk vs. camphor, and focuses on the description of its function in Pushkin’s poem and in poetic tradition.

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MODERNITY, (POST)MODERNISM AND NEW HORIZONS OF POSTCOLONIAL STUDIES

Author(s): Izabella Penier / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2012

My article will take issue with some of the scholarship on current and prospective configurations of the Caribbean and, in more general terms, postcolonial literary criticism. It will give an account of the turn-of-the century debates about literary value and critical practice and analyze how contemporary fiction by Caribbean female writers responds to the socioeconomic reality that came into being with the rise of globalization and neo-liberalism. I will use David Scott’s thought provoking study -Refashioning Futures: Criticism after Postcoloniality (1999)- to outline the history of the Caribbean literary discourse and to try to rethink the strategic goals of postcolonial criticism.

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СИМВОЛИКА ВАВИЛОНСКОЙ БАШНИ В «ПУТЕШЕСТВИИ МОЕГО БРАТА АЛЕКСЕЯ В СТРАНУ КРЕСТЬЯНСКОЙ УТОПИИ» А. В. ЧАЯНОВА

Author(s): Natalya V. Mikhalenko / Language(s): English,Russian Issue: 1/2016

he image of Babylon was popular in historical writings and fiction of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Alexander V. Chayanov’s book “My brother Alexei’s journey into the land of peasant utopia” (1920) contains a lot of allusions to the Tower of Babel, such as numerous references to the works of Peter Breugel the Elder, author of paintings of the Tower of Babel whose works are appreciated by the peasants. His utopian governers, the “augurs of spirit”, who changed the course of history and restored the State, considered their deeds theurgic, and it was no coincidence that the state anthem in this utopia was Alexander Skriabin’s “Prometheus”. In the country of peasant utopia, an artificial selection is put in practice, the so-called “therapy of failed lives”, and all the aspirations are not to waste a single talent. Thus, a man sees himself the centre of the world. The conception of collaboration with God is depreciated. Having embodied in the novel his futurologic, scientific and economic, artistic ideas Chayanov warned against the idea of Man as a God whose symbol is the Tower of Ancient Babel.

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ОПЫТ «ОЧИЩЕНИЯ СЕРДЦА» В СВЯТООТЕЧЕСКОМ ПОНИМАНИИ: О ПОВЕСТИ Е.ДОМБРОВСКОЙ «ВЕСНА ДУШИ. СТРАНИЦЫ ЖИЗНИ РАБЫ БОЖИЕЙ АННЫ»

Author(s): Natal’ya V. Prashсheruk / Language(s): English,Russian Issue: 1/2016

One of the modern spiritual fiction works is analyzed in this article. The following article shows how the author follows the criteria dividing the emotional and spiritual parts of a Christian’ life, basing on the Orthodox traditions. The Holy Father’s doctrine is shown in relation with multistep “heart purification” experience. The author refers to Tolstoy’s soul dialectics which is connected to ascetic practice of self-knowledge. The text brings us back to the subject of man fighting his sins and passions. This tradition was exchanged by the hagiographic canon that shows only the external feat of the saint. The deep understanding of the patristical principle of perceiving everything as a God’s sign, becomes the conceptual point organizing the process of knowledge and self-knowledge. The process of creation and the nature of talent are comprehended in a completely new way. Autobiography, documentary and the reference to the gospel teaching, masterly combined with the figured word and writer’s knowledge about the imaginative fiction.

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Повесть М. Осоргина Из маленького домика и рассказ Ив. Бунина Из записей неизвестного: своеобразие жанрового синтеза

Author(s): Viktoriya Zakharova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

This article is devoted to the new strategy of the small genre of narrative forms in the prose of Russian emigration of the first wave, chose two seemingly dissimilar, but conceptually and aesthetically it is comparable in terms of genre similarities strategy works: the story of M. Osorgin «From the little house» (1917 1919) and story of Eve. Bunin's «From the records of the unknown» (1930). They are devoted to the events of the first years of postrevolutionary Russia. Both artists have created wonderful examples of the new artistic thinking of the twentieth century, neorealist synthesis, the possibility of which was so great that even small, peripheral products in the arch of the huge works of both authors have their very important place. The analysis shows that a modest creations of great writers, too, have on the reader's inherent impact on the strength of his well-known book is comparable, for they absorb the huge space of the historical and spiritual national life. Данная статья посвящена проблеме новой жанровой стратегии малых повествовательных форм в прозе русской эмиграции первой волны. Выбраны два внешне непохожих, но концептуально и эстетически сопоставимых именно в плане сходства жанровой стратегии произведения: повесть М. Осоргина Из маленького домика (1917 1919) и рассказ Ив. Бунина Из записей неизвестного (1930). Посвящены они событиям первых пореволюционных лет России. Оба художника создали замечательные образцы нового художественного мышления ХХ века, неореалистического синтеза, возможности которого оказались столь велики, что даже небольшие, периферийные произведения в огромном своде творений обоих авторов занимают свое весьма значимое место. Анализ свидетельствует, что скромным творениям больших писателей тоже присуще оказывать на читателя воздействие, по силе своей не уступающее известным книгам, ибо и они вбирают в себя огромный космос исторического и духовного национального бытия.

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Окровавленная Россия с «другого берега»: двоемирие в эпопее Ивана Шмелева Солнце мёртвых

Author(s): Oleg I. Fedotov,Antonina Shelemova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

In article paradoxical use of traditional comparison of war by Shmelyov with "a bloody feast" in its epic the Sun of the dead is considered. Four main thematic motives accompanying the dominating metaphor are in parallel analyzed: "masters of blood", "bloody gain ", "the shot bottle" and the "louse blood-sucker" creating in total a generalized image of the blood-stained Russia. Authors come to a conclusion that this tremendous work written by Shmelyov in Paris as the bleeding reminiscence of terrible peripetias of the red terror which is personally endured by it in the Crimea didn't lose the topical character and today. В статье рассматривается парадоксальное использование Шмелевым традиционного сравнения войны с «кровавым пиром» в его эпопее Солнце мертвых. Параллельно анализируются четыре основных тематических мотива, сопутствующих доминирующей метафоре: «мастера крови», «кровавое уедие» (пожива), «растрелянная бутылка» и «вошь-кровопийца», создающие в совокупности обобщённый образ окровавленной России. Авторы приходят к выводу, что это потрясающее произведение, написанное Шмелевым в Париже как кровоточащее воспоминание о чудовищных перипетиях лично пережитого им красного террора в Крыму, не утратило своей злободневности и в наши дни

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Utilization of Films In The Foreign Language Classrooms

Author(s): Piri Sonila,Petro Jonida / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2016

Throughout the recent decades of foreign language teaching the best new technology has been adapted and has been put in the context of teaching and learning. In particular the use of filmed materials has entered widely the process of foreign language didactics. Many are the reasons why language teachers should use their filmed material. They complement textbooks with authentic paralinguistic as well as extra linguistic cultural material featuring a reality as close to the place of language in the object of study. The utilization of these materials has raised curiosity and motivation in language learning. Even scientific research support this typology of learning. Of course the teacher must be careful in the selection of films which should include some specific criteria. The collection of the teaching materials related to the film selected parts, takes time and special specifications, but it provides in depth acquisition through the active participation of pupils.

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Trzy listy Tadeusza Lubowieckiego (Izydora Friedmana) do Jerzego Ficowskiego z 1948 roku

Author(s): Tadeusz (Izydor) Lubowiecki (Friedman) / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2016

Friedman, who was Schulz’s companion in his last days and a witness of his death,composes a personal portrait of his friend in which he clearly underlines the masochisticsphere of writer’s sexuality.

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Quemadmodum Desiderat Cervus, the Psalm 42 (41): artistic interpretations and imagery

Author(s): Rosângela Aparecida da Conceição / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

This article presents the analysis of the artistic interpretationsand the imaginary representations of Psalm 41 (42), present in the motif ofthe chained deer that was represented in the ecclesiastical textiles of theCathedral of Brandenburg, dating from the third quarter of the 14th century,with reproductions executed in the second half of the 19th century and thebeginning of the 20th century, with some copies in the Historical andArtistic Collection of the Venerable Third Order of Saint Francis ofPenance of the City of São Paulo (VOTSFPCSP) and the Collection of theSão Bento Monastery in São Paulo. In addition to textiles, we have theanalysis of the Wilton diptych (c.1395-9), belonging to the NationalGallery of London, as well as the relief on the altar of the Chapel of theBlessed Sacrament of the Abbey Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption.Our analysis has as a theoretical basis 'The Commentaries on the Psalms'of Saint Augustine (1997), the work of Albert Rouet (1994) that deals withthe relation between art and liturgy, methodology for the study of the imageand its uses by Bock (1859 ), EH Gombrich (2012a, 2012b) and Panofsky(1990, 1995), with the support of the study in heraldry by William Berry(1828).

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The Roma Community: Between Proscription and ssertion of Historic Consciousness

Author(s): Ionuţ Costea / Language(s): English Issue: XVI/2015

The history of Roma was asserted as soon as social awareness of the ethnic group has been raised. The rationalism,cosmopolitanism and the peculiarity of the 18th and 19th centuries ensured a major support with this regard. The interest in the Roma was generated by the discovery of the Orient which fascinated the Western World due to its ethnic and cultural diversity. Thus, the cosmopolitanism and peculiarity of this alternate world, the closeness of the "noble savage" have created a topos in the literary world.

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Australia as America’s “Little Brother”

Author(s): James Dahlstrom / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

In this article, I read Andrew McGahan’s novel Underground as a criticism of the Australian government under the leadership of John Howard in the era following the September 11th attacks on the World Trade Center. I draw out the satire of Howard’s perceived role as President George W. Bush’s little brother, which becomes a synecdoche for Australia’s relationship with America. I situate the novel in the context of America’s cyclically neo-colonial history in Australia and draw upon the work of Homi K. Bhabha to suggest that McGahan portrays Australians as an “in-between” people who are guilty of adopting American policies—and thereby relinquishing control of their nation’s sovereignty to America—without compunction. I further suggest that, in the tradition of satire, the novel could be read as a warning to Australians against following the United State too closely. With the rise of the self-proclaimed Islamic State, Australia has witnessed the re-emergence of the political climate that is reflected in Underground, renewing its relevance to contemporary audiences.

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