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Von den Sitten der Morlacken zur Weltliteratur

Author(s): Norbert Mecklenburg / Language(s): German Issue: 24/2015

The reception history of the South Slav folk ballad »Hasanaginica« is an excellent example of the dialectics of regional origins and universal value, of cultural and poetic alterity. Due to Goethe’s adaptation of the ballad, which was translated into many languages, this poem became a part of world literature. Its transcultural potential can best be observed on the way peculiarities of a cultural space influenced by the Ottomans are poetically generalized into a humanistic critique of the patriarchy. In the course of its reception history, which was marked by a series of national monopolizations of the poem, its universal message has been preserved to this day.

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Фаустовский сюжет в контексте фантастики ХХ–ХХI столетия

Author(s): Ekaterina Labay Vladimirovna / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2016

In the article on the example of the fantastic works of different national literatures (German, American, Canadian Polish, Russian, Ukrainian) the themes of immortality, robotics, the responsibility of the scientist for the invention combined by Faustian plot are examined. Beginning with the twentieth century, the development of science and technologies has a significant impact on the Faustian story (for example, the desire for immortality leads the protagonist to the use of scientific and technical devices). The purpose of the study is determined by the subject-imagery material in the context of general cultural world. Artificial Intellect in this story is trying to understand the human nature. For example, in the "Faust" by Johann Goethe the stage the successful creation by Wagner of Homunculus that further on is considered in the context of artificial humans, robots is present. The writers in the XX-XXI century bring original interpretations bring to Faustian plot, taking advantage of their time. It is also explained by the fact that the Faustian story is based on the desire of knowledge. Knowledge is a constant variable, so writers try to modernize the variation of knowledge. The authors cover the story with the new sounding, which leads to its modifications, complications and modernizing in fantastic versions.

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O chwalebnej matce, Janie bez brody i ślepej królewnie, czyli Bettiny von Arnim światy wyimaginowane

Author(s): Nina Nowara-Matusik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

The article presents three fairy tales by Bettina von Arnim: „Der Königssohn” [The King’s Son], „Die blinde Königstochter” [The Blind Princess] and „Hans ohne Bart” [Beardless Hans]. These texts are studied from the point of view of their poetics and their rootedness in the romantic worldview. Moreover, on the example of „Der Königssohn” fairy tale, an attempt is made at feminist interpretation, while „Hans ohne Bart” is read using psychoanalytic tools.

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Газета «St. Petersburgische Zeitung»

Author(s): Maria Vladimirovna Gordenchuk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 24/2015

In this article the author describes the history of the oldest foreign language newspaper in Russia “St. Peterburgishe Zeitung” from its foundation in 1727 and up to its revival in 1991. The author has paid attention to the institutional history of the newspaper and its development as an important organ of the German diaspora. Basing on the brief history of the German periodicals in the XVII–XIX centuries the conclusion on the role of the “St. Peterburger Zeitung” among other German newspapers is made. The newspaper is studied in view of the cultural collaboration between Russia and Germany and its valuability as a historical source.

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Sexuality in the Literature of the Wilhelminian Empire

Author(s): Fritz König / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

This paper is based on a Memorandum about Conditions Regarding Prostitution, published by the Federation of German Women’s Associations in 1904. This publication makes it evident that German women had organized into a political force to be reckoned with in the future. The topic is prostitution. Prostitution, obviously, should be fought, brothels (advocated by German physicians and sociologists) should be abolished, but so called “free prostitution” should be tolerated for the time being, because its eradication is a distant goal. the paper then tries to outline the literary treatment of prostitution and women’s cause in general in Wilhelminian/Victorian Europe, discussing such works as Ghosts by the Norwegian Henrik Ibsen, Bahnwärter Thiel by Gerhart Hauptmann, Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontë, Effi Briest by Theodor Fontane, Lieutenant Gustl by the Austrian Arthur Schnitzler, and Nana by Emile Zola. All these works, and, of course, many other could have been considered, explore the fate of women and their social repression in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The paper concludes with a brief outline of how women’s mental, emotional, and physical functions and conditions were viewed. The theories and assumptions by contemporary scientists, viewed 125 years later, are truly amazing.

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Miejsca bezpieczne: Kafka, Walser, Schulz

Author(s): Marek Wilczyński / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 11/2018

The paper begins with a reference to Franz Kafka’s unfinished long short story “The Burrow,” which has been chosen as a starting point of a series of intertextual associations focusing on futile efforts made by various modernist literary narrators and characters to find a sense of safety in some specific settings. The route from “The Burrow” runs through selected short stories by Robert Walser toward late fiction by Bruno Schulz, in particular “The Republic of Dreams” and “The Homeland,” revealing affinities connecting the Polish writer from Drogobych with two writers of the German language, who shared his fears and obsessions.

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„Jelenia strzałem zwalam z nóg…”. O znaczeniu polowań w „Scenach myśliwskich z Dolnej Bawarii” Martina Sperra

Author(s): Zbigniew Feliszewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2018

The article is an attempt to read the early play of a German play wright Martin Sperr, from the perspective of hunting theory. In the play „Hunting scenes from Bavaria” of 1966, Martin Sperr shows the mechanisms of exclusion of a human being from the society. The play is set in a Bavarian village – a community on the threshold of economic, political and cultural changes, transforming from a production society into a consumer society. The economic crisis exaggerates the processes of exclusion, which culminates in the literal hunting for homosexual Abram. The article is an attempt to analyse the hunting artefact as a way to show the individual processes of exclusion from the community.

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Kultura sećanja u savladavanju prošlosti i izgradnji identiteta. Da li je tom prilikom manična depresija neminovna?

Author(s): Miodrag Vukčević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2018

An identity that is defined through identification with cultural characteristics, determines self-esteem of an individual pertaining to certain groups. In contrast, the realization of standards created by the social history is defined as the process of phasing out from a predetermined unity. While the culture of remembrance reassesses norms realized in previous periods, overcoming historical experience confirms the identity following from the norms before their reassessment and afterwards. In the novel “The Invention of the Red Army Fraction by a manic-depressive Teenager in the Summer of 1969”, Adorno's ideas based on Freud's theory of critical self-reflection are carried out through the memory of childhood. The book, which won the prestigious German literary award last year, utilizes motifs from the memories of childhood connected with consumer’s daily lives, picks out as a central theme coming to terms with the past. Subsequently, it refers to the concept of the remembrance culture as well as its projecting in the context of the culture of 'Vergangenheitsbewältigung'. Taking as a starting point the aforementioned work, this paper intends to describe the procedure known in German culture for its significance for taking a categorical attitude towards history. Simultaneously, the analysis of Witzel’s award-winning novel should investigate the Memory of the History as a result of creating a certain cultural environment, otherwise, and in this case specifically for the German people.

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BREHTOVA MARKSISTIČKA ESTETIKA

Author(s): Douglas Kellner / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 514/2018

Brehtov odnos prema marksizmu je krajnje važan i vrlo kompleksan. Od dvadesetih godina XX veka do smrti 1956, Breht se predstavljao kao marksista. Kada se vratio u Nemačku nakon Drugog svetskog rata, odabrao je Nemačku demokratsku republiku (NDR). Tamo su njegova žena Helene Vajgel i on formirali sopstvenu pozorišnu trupu, čuveni Berliner ansambl, i naposletku dobili državnu pozorišnu kuću da upravljaju njome.

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LITERARY FICTION AND SCIENCES: THE CASE OF THE NOVEL

Author(s): Bernard Franco / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2018

The common sense builds a border between fiction and reality. Fiction may be represented by the novel, which is between the 18th and the 19th centuries mainly focussed to sentimental stories. The discourse about reality is generally represented by History and Science. Therefore, the border between fiction and reality has an equivalence, on one hand on the representation of the tree of knowledge in the Encyclopédie (science belongs to reason, history to memory and poetry to imagination), and, on the other hand, on the opposition between imagination and reason. German Idealism tried to recreate a union between the human faculties, imagination and reason, by unifying criticism and poetry. But novelists like Goethe (Elective Affinities), Melville (Mardi) and Flaubert (Bouvard et Pécuchet) tried in very different ways to unify poetry and scientific discourse in a literary project where knowledge becomes the main purpose of the novel. From the goethean ideal of universalism to Flaubert's irony about human aspiration to know, the three novels show different ways to question the relationships between fiction and scientific knowledge and lead to this question: in which way is there a part of human knowledge that can belong only to literature?

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RUMÄNIENDEUTSCHE SCHRIFTSTELLET IM VISIER DES KOMMUNISTISCHEN GEHEIMDIENSTES SECURITATE

Author(s): Stefan Sienerth / Language(s): German Issue: 18/1/2017

After the Nobel laureate for literature Herta Müller 2009 publicized their files, which were commissioned by the Romanian security service, in the weekly DIE ZEIT and then in their book Cristina and their dummy or what (in the files of the Securitate), the observation of the Romanian - the Communist Intelligence became a popular subject not only of the media, but also of literary research. According to a brief account of the history of the German minority in Romania, the author describes in a first part how, after the end of the Second World War, the Romanian communist secret service was founded, which officially commissioned the new social order against enemies from outside and protect from the interior. In reality, however, the new rulers were concerned with stifling critical utterances in the germ, silencing other thinkers, and, if necessary, shutting them down or even eliminating them. All this was done with the intention of spreading a general climate of fear and uncertainty to prevent any rebellion against the politically unauthorized authority.

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MACHT VERSUS OHNMACHT. DIE PROBLEMATIK DER DEPORTATION, EXEMPLARISCH DARGESTELLT ANHAND AUSGEWÄHLTER WERKE RUMÄNIENDEUTSCHER AUTOREN

Author(s): Maria Sas / Language(s): German Issue: 18/1/2017

In Romanian-German history, deportation is probably the most momentous event for the representatives of the German minority of Romania. The events are set in the period 1945-1949, but no work on the subject could be published because of the censored literature scene in communist Romania. After the political turn of 1989, a vast number of literature on the theme of deportation has been written and published, the events have also been scientifically documented in historical and sociological studies. The aim of the present work is to analyze the literary strategies which contemporary Romanian-German authors use in their texts to process and mediate the theme of deportation. The analysis is to be carried out on a text corpus consisting of three novels: -- Januar‘ 45oder die höherePflicht [January ‘45 or the higher duty] (1998) by Erwin Wittstock,Bestätigtund besiegelt [Confirmed and Sealed] (2003) by Joachim Wittstock and Atemschaukel [ The Hunger Angel] (2009) by Herta Műller.

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VOM MENSCHEN ZUR MARIONETTE - GERHART HAUPTMANNS PAZIFISTISCHES FESTSPIEL IN DEUTSCHEN REIMEN

Author(s): Goran Lovrić / Language(s): German Issue: 17/2017

This article deals with Gerhart Hauptmann’s festival play Festspiel in deutschen Reimen (1913) regarding its importance and message in the political and cultural context of its time of origin. The play was a remittance work for the city Breslau on the occasion of the centennial exposition and celebration connected with the Prussian Wars of Liberation. The remitters expected from Hauptmann a patriotic play that would conform to the warmongering atmosphere shortly before the First World War. But Hauptmann undermined those expectations by showing in the play historical figures of the German history at the time of the Wars of Liberation as marionettes, who were embodied by actors.

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Problematyka pamięci w twórczości Brunona Schulza z perspektywy niemieckiej refleksji pamięcioznawczej

Author(s): Katarzyna Lukas / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2018

The author attempts at reconstructing the concept of cultural memory found in Bruno Schulz’ oeuvre. The aim is to show that Schulz, not unlike Thomas Mann, anticipated some theoretical aspects of postmodern memory studies as pursued in Germany since the 1980s. On the one hand, there are striking affinities between Schulz and the art historian Aby Warburg whose ideas of “collective visual memory” and “pathos formulas”, developed until the 1920s, have only recently been rediscovered and acclaimed in the present-day cultural research. On the other hand, Schulz draws on Jung’s depth psychology by referring to the theory of archetypes and the common unconscious. Unlike Warburg’s, Jung’s ideas have been rejected in contemporary German memory studies because of their alleged biologistic flaw. Due to his affinities to both Warburg and Jung, Schulz suggests his own vision of individual and collective memory, which allows for reconciling the “biological” and the “culture oriented” reflection on collective memory and may be a source of inspiration in today’s research.

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POČECI PISMENOSTI MEĐU GERMANIMA. PREDHRIŠĆANSKO PESNIŠTVO. UTICAJ HRIŠĆANSTVA (I DEO)

Author(s): Slobodan Grubačić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 16/2017

The survey presented here shows how the German literary identity gradually took shape over more than four centuries, through influences from abroad and, at home, enterprising attempt to find new ways of expression. It is difficult to provide exact dates for the Old period, due to the relatively small number of textual sources available, but it is generally accepted that the centuries from 800 to 1100 were the highpoint of Old German literary activity. Of all the pagan poetry hardly anything has survived. The famous „Hildebrandslied“, an epic fragment narrating an episode of the Dietrich saga - the tragic combat between father and son -- was written down after 800 by two monks of Fulda, on the covers of a theological manuscript. In this article light is shone on those works that have to some extent been overshadowed. Each individual work opens up intertextual „chasms” which led to digressions into the history of ideas. The result is a multi-faceted panorama, offering many insights into the mentality of texts and their socio-cultural contexts.

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FRIEDRICH SCHILLER: A WRITER OF FREEDOM AND GERMAN IDEALISM

Author(s): Albulena Blakaj-Gashi / Language(s): English Issue: 26/2019

Friedrich von Schiller is one of the most prominent German writers. Along with Goethe, they create the duo of the leading German writers. In addition to this, Schiller plays an important role in world culture. F. von Schiller (1759-1805) was born and developed as a creator in an exceptionally dynamic political and cultural period for Germany and Europe. He even qualifies as one of the protagonists who influenced European dynamism in the political and cultural dimensions. Schiller is known as a poet, historian, and philosopher, but priority is given to his identity of a playwright. The main theme of his works, starting from his first play, which will concurrently be the main subject of this paper, is freedom. Even though in his earlier plays, he protects the heart's rights from the violent policy of the princes, in his later works being a good connoisseur of history, he chooses characters from history.

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Њемачка књижевност у босанскохерцеговачким књижевним часописима Нада (1895–1903) и Зора (1896–1901)

Author(s): Ljiljana S. Aćimović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 19/2019

This paper explores and analyses the extent to which German literature is represented in the literary journals of Nada and Zora published in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The reason the author decided on these two journals was the fact that both of them were published at the turn of the century: Nada was published in Sarajevo in the period of 1895-1903, while Zora was published in Mostar from 1896 to 1901. Given the fact that the reasons for starting each of them were diametrically opposed, the analysis of the representation of German literature in both is a very interesting issue, with the reception of these texts explored on a separate basis. This encompasses the translation of lyric and prose texts, as well as notes, reviews, essays, critical accounts, and pieces of information on German literature. In the final section of the paper, the author, by means of the comparative method, draws a parallel between the two journals, along with providing judgement on the role and significance of the German literary texts reviewed within them.

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Književnost u nastavi stranih jezika

Author(s): Ljiljana S. Aćimović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 19/2019

Review of: Zobenica, Nikolina (2018), Didaktika nemačke književnosti kao strane, Novi Sad: Filozofski fakultet.

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“Versöhnung – Ja, Verzicht – Nein“? Marion Gräfin Dönhoff 1946-1970: Territorialer Paradigmenwechsel und neue Sicht auf Polen

Author(s): Radosław Supranowicz / Language(s): German Issue: XXI/2019

This article will examine Marion Gräfin Dönhoff’s articles published in the Hamburg-based “Die Zeit“ weekly in the years 1946-1970. Dönhoff, a renowned German journalist, had to leave East Prussia and her family estate in 1945. The articles under analysis demonstrate an evolution of her views on the problem of losing the so-called German East, from the initial inability to come to terms with the new postwar territo-rial reality, to the eventual recognition that Germany’s loss of provinces in the East is permanent and final.

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Јоханес Шефлер: мистичка поезија као катализатор (пост)модерне мисли

Author(s): Alen Albin Širca / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 20/2019

This article deals with the history of reception of the German Baroque poet Johannes Scheffler (aka Angelus Silesius, 1624-1677), which served as a significant catalyst (to use the renowned poetological term of T. S. Eliot) on a number of writers and philosophers in the 19th and 20th century. First of all, the analysis is focused on Scheffler’s impact on Jorge Luis Borges who in reading of Scheffler’s mystical epigrams attempted to find the way out of the impasse of modernist subjectivity. Next, the article investigates the reception of the distinguished German poet by three renowned 20th century philosophers: Heidegger, Derrida, and Lacan. It becomes clear that all three have creatively appropriated the verses of Johannes Scheffler, and it has turned out that the mystical paradoxes of his poetry paved the way for the articulation of some typical postmodern concepts of these philosophers. In Heidegger’s case, Scheffler’s verses on the mystical rose helps define the ungroundedness of being. In the case of Derrida, the scope of Schefflers epigrams seems very close to that of the so-called experience of deconstruction, and in case of Lacan, Schefller’s poetry is read as the most efficient meditation on being, which in opposition to un-being (the Real) marks the successful end of the psychoanalytical process.

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