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Poems written by Belarusian poets A. Bachila, P. Prudnikov, S. Grakhovskiy are analyzed. The author of the article describes individual features and genre peculiarities in the works devoted to tragic events of the Stalin epoch, pays attention to the variety of thematic motifs.
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In the article motifs from the Belarusian folk creations used by Bahushevich in his prose, mainly tales, as well as particular poetic works have been presented. Special attention is paid to fairytale and fantasy elements. Additionally, the role and the significance of the folk sense of humour and the specific language are emphasized.
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The article analyzes the process of literary translation and the scientific study of Modern Belarusian playwriting in Poland of nowadays. The author notes the growing interest of Polish researchers and translators to the modern plays of the Belarusian writers. This fact is due to the success of Belarusian Drama Art abroad as well as with the development of Slavic studies in Poland, the advent of a new generation of researchers and translators. Polish researchers have noted that as a result of the Russification process in Belarus, the majority of young authors writes in Russian, however middle and older generations of the play writers prefer to use their native language. Most Polish translators and researchers (Andrei Moskvin, Agnieszka-Lubomira Petrovskaya, Carolina Niewiadomska et al.) are concentrated on Russian language drama in Belarus, but thanks to the efforts of Beata Siwek, Malgorzata Buhalik, Agnieszka Goral Polish readers have the opportunity to get acquainted with the works of Belarusian authors.
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“Emigrantologia Słowian” is an interdisciplinary scientific journal of the Committee of Slavonic Emigration Studies affiliated by the International Committee of Slavists. The main aim of “Emigrantologia Słowian” is to publish research papers, reviews and reports on various aspects of life of the Slavonic communities in emigration: culture, literature, language situation (with special reference to bilingualism).
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In the article the philosophical problems of the classical and modern Belarusian dramaturgy are analyzed. The author reveals continuity and distinctness of aesthetics of a new generation of authors. She also analyzes the features of a director’s drama reading in modern Belarusian theater: directors preserve the tradition of psychological realism, develop the forms of national metaphorical theater, make use of the elements of post-dramatic theater.
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On the basis of the analysis of the letters of Vladimir Naklajev to his wife, Vola, the author con- cludes that the linguistic forms used in the letters serve the function of conceptualisation of the emo- tions of their author. In fact, they are an example of ego-documents that represent the self-perception and interpretation of a particular political event in Minsk in 2010, through which the Belarussian poet, Vladimir Naklajev, verbalises his personal accounts of himself, events and other people linked with these events in the Belarussian capital. It is worth pinpointing that the language of the letters has a specific emotional climate that changes in accordance with events, situations and people, to which their author refers. The properties of the linguistic code of the letters allow to understand them as texts that symbolise the personal senses of their author.
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Belarusian literature is currently written under difficult circumstances, which, however, neither stimulates nor restricts its development. In fact it flourishes both in metro¬politan and provincial Belarus as well as abroad. The much repressed language, after a chequered history, survives mainly in literature and in the use by mainly young nationally conscious Belarusians for whom it may act as a socio-political statement. The history of Belarus as the main successor state of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania is inalienable, though disputed and minimized by some of the country’s leaders whose historical consciousness begins with World War II or even later. Most writers who left the country in voluntary or involuntary exile have gained new created energy, though the Belarusian Free Theatre would gladly return, were circumstances different. Whatever its difficulties, Belarusian culture re-mains strong.
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Speaking about Belarusian literature in Poland we focus on fiction, its translation into Polish and the study of literature. The existence of the Belarusian literature in Poland in the post-war period is indicated by the following bibliographies: a bibliography of translations for the period 1945–1994 (G. Charytoniuk, Literatura białoruska w Polsce. Bibliografia przekładów za lata 1945–1994, Białystok 1996) and a subject bibliography for the period 1945–1998 (G. Charytoniuk, Polskie białorutenika literackie. Bibliografia przedmiotowa 1945–1998, Białystok 1998). The new political, economical and social conditions in Poland after 1989 have had an influence on the situation of the Belarusian literature. In addition to the existing departments some new university departments and scientific branches have been organized. Their aim is to realize new scientific projects connected with the Belarusian literature in Poland and Belarus. A lot of nongovernment organizations (funds, partnerships, associations) have been organized not only in Bialystok region, but also in the other parts of the country. A new publishing market has been established which has focused on the modern literature of Central and Eastern Europe including Belarusian literature. The Internet also plays an important role in popularization of the Belarusian literature. That literature has been included in the database of the National library (Przewodnik Bibliograficzny, Bibliografia Zawartości Czasopism), regional libraries (Bibliografia województwa podlaskiego) and the digital library (Polska Bibliografia Literacka). The information is searched by institutional scientific depositories and digital libraries. The considerable part of the information has not been registered in the bibliographic database. In this situation it is necessary to develop an integral literature bibliographic database of the Belarusian literature in Poland.
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The recollections by Józef Hermanowicz are not only an important piece of literature camps co-creating discourse of Belarusian literature camps also provide a unique record the image of the clergy in the camps. J. Hermanowicz was arrested in December 1948. In Chinese Harbin with a group of priests – St. Secondary School Teachers. Nicholas. On freedom he came out in 1955. And soon began to write his recollections. From this analysis of memories of J. Hermanowicz draws a picture of both the author and clergy enslaved in camps. The author shows the difficulties with which this specific group of prisoners had to face, wanting to preserve their beliefs and be able to carry pastoral ministry. It underlines the compatibility of the clergy of various faiths and nationalities, willingness to mutual assistance and a well-structured cooperation in the field of religion without which pastoral activity was impossible or extremely difficult. Recalling while in narration situations in which showed courage, a sense of personal dignity, proceeding in line with the truths of faith is not only a positive effect on their image but also the image of the clergy in the camps, being one of the many enslaved priests. The records J. Hermanowicz undoubtedly transmit a unique picture of the clergy.
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Our task was to analyze the existing literature, which contained biographical materials and to show the Polish society the results of all studies in an easy-to-understand form. Most literature of the subject is in Belorussian language, often inaccessible to Polish researchers and readers. Our article will help the interested people to broaden their knowledge of Belorussian literature. Let’s look at the cities in which Franciszek Skoryna lived and visited. Thanks to this, we will also be able to see the outline of the Renaissance, which is extremely important for the development of literature.
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In the article, the problem of truth in poetic works of Jan Czykwin has been taken into consideration. The adopted research perspective refers self-evidently to philosophical concept of Jozef Tischner presented in work titled The Philosophy of Drama. Philosophical inspirations taken from phenomenology, existentialism, hermeneutics and dialogues are crucial to understanding the phenomenon of man. Philosophical anthropology suggested in this book assumes that man is a dramatic being, whose tragedy takes place in space of good and evil. The character of Jan Czykwin’s poems is a man seeking to decode the mystery of life, to find spiritual firstfruits hidden in matter and being a cause of everything that is discernible by the senses. He is trying to reach to the mystery of transgression, to observe the time of the transition from life to death.
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This article is about the symbolism of the Light and Sun in the poetry of Aleś Barski, Jan Czykwin and Nadzieja Artymowicz, who belong to the Belarusian Literary Association “Belavezha”. From theoretical arguments the author proceeds to the analysis of selected poems, and concludes that symbolism of the Light and Sun in this poetry is almost always associated with the spiritual and divine. Personal experience is linked with the history and philosophy whereas the physical world is connected with the spiritual world.
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One of the aims of many non-governmental organizations, foundations and societies in Poland is to promote modern literature of Central and Eastern Europe, including Belarusian literature. Eastern Europe Collegium founded in 2001 by Jan Nowak-Jeziorański is actively involved in education, culture and publishing. The foundation publishes the books, CDs and DVDs in various languages, including the Belarusian language. The article presents a series of Belarusian books translated into Polish published by Jan Nowak-Jeziorański Eastern Europe Collegium Publishing House in 2006–2011.
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Empress Catherine II ignored Pope Clement XIV’s suppression brief from 1773 and preserved the Belarusian branch of the Society of Jesus. The article draws attention to three important events in the history of this group: the Napoleonic campaign of 1812, restoration of the Order worldwide in 1814 and expulsion from Russia in 1820. These events are documented in sources which are discussed in the paper: an unfinished poem by Jan Mihanowicz, SJ, entitled Podróż XX. Jezuitów z Połocka do północnej Rosji w roku 1812 przed wejściem wojska francuskiego do Białej Rusi (The Trip of Jesuit Priests from Polotsk to Northern Russia in 1812 before the Advance of the French Army to Bela Rus) and the diaries of Jan Galicz, SJ, Wygnaniec z Białej Rusi (An Exile from Bela Rus).
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The article discusses early attempts of codification of modern Belarusian literary language made by an artist Karus Kahanets and a politician Anton Lutzkevich, the authors of handwritten unpublished school grammars, at the beginning of the 20th century. A comparative analysis revealed close connection between the two grammars in the field of phonetics, morphology and linguistic terminology.
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The article is dedicated to the literary creation of a forgotten Polish and Belarusian poet Jan Kozakovich (Litvin). The poet lived at the end of 16th and the beginning of 17th century in Vilna, wrote in Polish, but in his works he is an active patriot of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The poet’s epigrams and dedication can be found in a number of books published in the late 16th – early 17th century. However, Kozakovich’s most significant work is a poem “Walnut” (Vilna 1603) – an elegy of Ovid’s “The Walnut Tree”, remade in freestyle.
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