Addenda From Pre-Meninski Transcription Texts To Stanisław Stachowski’s “Osmanli Türkçesinde Yeni Farsça Alintilar Sözlüğü”. Part IV

Author(s): Luciano Rocchi / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2016

Stanisław Stachowski wrote a series of articles devoted to studies on the New Persian loanwords in Ottoman-Turkish, which were published in Folia Orientalia in the 1970s and later republished in 1998 as a single volume. Since then, however, a good number of editions of new Ottoman texts have appeared, especially transcription texts dating from before Meninski’s Thesaurus (1680), which provide much new lexical material. Within this material there are many Persianisms – predictably enough where Ottoman-Turkish is concerned. This paper aims to supplement Stachowski’s work with words of Persian origin taken from pre-Meninski transcription texts. It is divided into two parts, the first including data to be added to entries already recorded by Stachowski (eight articles), the second containing data that constitute new entries (three articles). A short historical-etymological note on the words dealt with also features at the end of each entry.

Addenda From Pre-Meninski Transcription Texts To Stanisław Stachowski’s “Osmanli Türkçesinde Yeni Farsça Alintilar Sözlüğü”. Part V

Author(s): Luciano Rocchi / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2016

Stanisław Stachowski wrote a series of articles devoted to studies on the New Persian loanwords in Ottoman-Turkish, which were published in Folia Orientalia in the 1970s and later republished in 1998 as a single volume. Since then, however, a good number of editions of new Ottoman texts have appeared, especially transcription texts dating from before Meninski’s Thesaurus (1680), which provide much new lexical material. Within this material there are many Persianisms – predictably enough where Ottoman-Turkish is concerned. This paper aims to supplement Stachowski’s work with words of Persian origin taken from pre-Meninski transcription texts. It is divided into two parts, the first including data to be added to entries already recorded by Stachowski (eight articles), the second containing data that constitute new entries (three articles). A short historical-etymological note on the words dealt with also features at the end of each entry.

Address forms in conversations on social media

Author(s): Ágnes Domonkosi / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

The goal of the paper is to present addressing practices characteristic of discourse on social media by analysing two Facebook conversations. As the analysis shows, address forms have several roles including the identification of discourse participants, the evoking of patterns of face-to-face spoken discourse, the expression of emotions, and the increasing or reduction of social distance. In the absence of physical presence, discourse participants engaging in internet-based communication cannot rely on nonverbal channels for the construal of social relationships, thus more significance is attached to linguistic devices in general and the patterns specifically marking social relationships in particular. Both conversations (a series of congratulations, and a debate within a Facebook group) feature address forms in a high number and in varied functions. Address forms in congratulatory messages not only construe social relationships but also represent them for the public. In the public debate, addressing practices indicate the convergence or divergence of opinions, and by identifying discourse participants, they also play a role in the delimitation of smaller units within the overall group conversation.

Affinal Kinship Terminology in the Corpus of Bulgarian and Ukrainian Parallel Texts

Author(s): Ivan Derzhanski,Olena Siruk / Language(s): English / Issue: VI/2016

In this study we examine the occurrences and correspondences of terms for affinal kinship in a Bulgarian–Ukrainian parallel corpus of fiction. All instances of the terms selected for study, matching and non-matching, were located and counted, and the frequencies compared. Some of the asymmetries found may have roots in culture and history whilst others reflect diverse features of language and the practice of literary translation.

AGIR DANS ET PAR LE DISCOURS UNIVERSITAIRE ÉCRIT UNE APPROCHE MODULAIRE

Author(s): Carmen-?tefania Stoean / Language(s): French / Issue: 23/2018

In the long run, the objective of our analysis is to describe the complex organization of written academic discourse (henceforth referred to as DUE). As a short-term objective, we decided to begin by analyzing the contextual dimension of DUE (interactional and actional) for two reasons, namely: a. due to the characteristics of the discourse type to which DUE pertains (cf. infra), this dimension seems to be the most weekly represented in the discourse organization; b. the already begun analysis of the dialogic structure of DUE requires, among other things, the identification of the contextual correspondences that intervene in this structure. After analyzing the interactional framework of DUE, we shall analyze its actional framework, dwelling upon two important contextual parameters – agents’ praxeological stakes and joint actions – the other components of this dimension represent the object of subsequent or prior analyses. The presentation of the theoretical milestones and DUE characteristics will be followed by the analysis of the above-mentioned parameters, which will highlight the importance of the actional dimension in the functioning of DUE.

Agnieszka Sieradzka-Mruk, „Radość i nadzieja. Smutek i trwoga” w drodze krzyżowej. Wybrane aspekty ewolucji dyskursu religijnego w XX wieku na przykładzie leksyki dotyczącej uczuć, Kraków 2016

Author(s): Ewa Wozniak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 03/2017

The review of: Agnieszka Sieradzka-Mruk, „Radość i nadzieja. Smutek i trwoga” w drodze krzyżowej. Wybrane aspekty ewolucji dyskursu religijnego w XX wieku na przykładzie leksyki dotyczącej uczuć, Wydział Polonistyki UJ, Kraków 2016, ss. 258

Ahmet Cevdet Paşa'nin raporlarina göre Bosna'da eğitim

Author(s): Edina Solak / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: XVI/2018

This paper discusses the general state of education in Bosnia during the 1860s, the period when Ahmed Jawdat Pasha served his official duty in this area. The research is grounded on the reports of Ahmed Jawdat Pasha. In the published Statute for Formation of Vilayet (Vilayet Nizamnamesi) it is clearly perceived what a great importance was given to the education in Bosnia. Namely, in Statute for Formation of Bosnian Vilayet (Bosna Vilayet Nizamnamesi) a decision on establishing an Office/Directorate of General Education (Maarifi Umumiye Müdürlüğü) was made to reorganize and reform the educational system. It can be noticed that, after the establishment of this office, different committees in charge of education were also established.Education Committee (Maarif Komisyonu), which had been established in Bosnia, conducted several activities aimed at developing and improving the quality of education. Prosperous students from Bosnia and Herzegovina were sent to Istanbul to study and gain necessary experience at the higher education institutions there. The students who completed their studies in Istanbul returned to Bosnia and worked in local institutions.

AKADEMİK ÇALIŞMALAR IŞIĞINDA RUS DİLİNDE TÜRKÇENİN İZLERİ

Author(s): Ergali ESBOSINOV / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 40/2018

Nowadays, Turkic languages are world languages with more than 600 thousand words, which roots date back to the early estimates of history. In the background of the fact that Turkic people are so widespread and then influencing other languages, these languages are strong languages of political administration, rich in phonetic structure and literary power. Slavonic languages and Turkic languages associations started in the first century. Scientists classify these associations according to many historical circles. The first period is estimated to be І-VІІІ centuries. The Avars, which lie between the Slavs living in the Eastern European regions and the Huns, are the economic relations between the Khazars and the Bulgarians living in the banks of the Edil River. In this age, Slavic tribes generally passed names, places and water (river) names. Second cycle is ІХ-ХІІ centuries. According to some Turkologists, this periodical Turkic quotation words are of Kipchak language.

Akar, Ali (2018). Oğuzların Dili Eski Anadolu Türkçesine Giriş

Author(s): Mustafa Karatas / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 59/2018

Review of: AKAR, Ali (2018). Oğuzların Dili Eski Anadolu Türkçesine Giriş,İstanbul: Ötüken Yayınları, ISBN 978-605-155-718-2, 335 p. Review by: Mustafa Karataş

Akcenat glagola u sarajevskom govoru u odnosu na mostarski govor i bosanski standardni jezik

Author(s): Jasmin Hodžic / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 78-79/2017

Savremeni bosanski jezik, za razliku od crnogorskog, hrvatskog i srpskog jezika, još uvijek najbolje čuva klasični standardni akcenatski sistem. On je dat prema progresivnim novoštokavskim govorima koji su poslužili kao osnovica nekadašnjeg srpskohrvatskog standarda i koji se tradicionalno već naziva Vuk-Daničićev akcenatski sistem. Prema tom sistemu bosanski standard, kao i bosanski govori pojedinačno, prave i određene minimalne otklone, a koji opet nisu takve naravi da bi sistem doveli u pitanje. U vezi s navedenim nije nimalo nebitno da su bosanskohercegovački govori u izrazito preovladavajućoj mjeri novoštokavski.

Akustické vlastnosti oslovenia ako sprievodnej komunikačnej funkcie v trénerskom komunikačnom registri

Author(s): Marianna Kraviarová / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 27-28/2016

This paper focuses on the sound level of addressing as a communication act in the coach´s communication register, which takes place during communication between the coach and the pubescent players practicing team ball games (handball) in training and game dialogues. The description of the sound level is based on the exact phonetic research of two authentic recordings of communications between the coach and the players. In the analysis of the audio recordings (on the basis of the Praat program), we focused on the specific measurement of intonational characteristics. The aim of the research is to show the differences in the acoustic realization of the addressing as accompanying four communication functions (command, appeal, encouragement, warning) implemented in the addressing communication acts in the coach´s microsocial communication register within training and game dialogues.

Alcune riflessioni sugli agentivi femminili: l’italiano e il polacco a confronto

Author(s): Agnieszka Latos / Language(s): Italian / Issue: 30/2018

Agentives still do not dispose of the full paradigm of feminine forms. Today, the tendency to reintroduce the principle of a symmetrical linguistic use in this lexical repertory is quite strong. The discussion of some theoretical issues concerning the grammar and use of feminine agentives is followed by a preliminary analysis of different ways in which the information about the sex of a referent can be encoded on morphological, morphosyntactic, lexical and pragmatic level in two inflected languages, i.e. Italian and Polish. The contrastive perspective has allowed us to grasp some linguistic aspects often ignored in the analyses of the phenomenon in only one language.

Alessandro Duranti, The Anthropology of Intentions: Language in a World of Others, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2015

Author(s): Adriana Neagu / Language(s): English / Issue: 10/2017

Algunas observaciones acerca de la cortesía verbal en el mundo hispanohablante: el caso de la imagen social

Author(s): Monika Lisowska / Language(s): Spanish / Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this article is to present a few observations on verbal politeness in the culture of Spanish language by paying particular attention to characteristics of the pragmatic category called ‘face’. In this short presentation, the author tries to emphasize the general nature of this category (in principle homogeneous) in the investigated culture as well as its certain shades affecting differences in the linguistic expression of politeness in Spanish speaking countries.

Aligning Who I Am with What I Do: Pursuing Language Teacher Authenticity

Author(s): Tammy Gregersen / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

This study explores the dynamic, interactive relationship between teacher identity and authenticity. Through an examination of several socio-cultural (social identity, situated learning, and image text) and psycholinguistic (individual differences) second language acquisition theories, a conceptualization of identity is provided. Subsequently, language teacher authenticity is characterized from both a philosophical and pedagogical perspective and connected to the notion of teacher identity. The final section of the paper presents research-based applications that include reflecting critically, redefining personal credibility, discovering one’s personal style, displaying emotion and recognizing diversity to facilitate the positive-broadening quest of aligning one’s identity (i.e., who I am) with authenticity (i.e., what I do).

Alkoholio prevencijai skirtų socialinių reklamų vaizdatekstis. Įtikinimo būdai

Author(s): Ruta Angele Vilkelyte / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 8/2016

This paper analyses anti-alcohol social advertisements. Assuming that in social advertising both linguistic and visual means of persuasion are used to provoke the addressee’s reaction, the author aims at determining the most dominating and effective linguistic and non-linguistic means of persuasion employed in social advertising. The methods of semiotic analysis and the qualitative target addressees’ interview are combined to achieve this aim. The semiotic analysis is used to determine visual and verbal means of persuasion used in social advertisements, while the qualitative interview is employed to assess their suggestibility. The results suggest that different persuasion techniques are targeted at different age groups. Advertising aimed at young people often portrays famous people of Lithuania. The text of such advertisements is usually written as friendly advice based on the author’s personal experience. The demonstration of solidarity is considered to be an effective technique; therefore, the personal pronouns I, my, you, your are common. In the advertisements aimed at seniors it is common to emphasise death, which is usually expressed by contrasting black and white. Such choice of colours creates a frustrating and inhospitable atmosphere and is effective in reaching persuasion. Slogans are usually short, which allows the addressee to concentrate on the essential elements of the advertisement. In addition, slogans are often impersonal, which creates some distance from the addressee. This sanction has been positively evaluated by the respondents. In advertisements, which intend to affect a large number of the population, the implicit addressee, usually bright colours prevail; however, this sanction disturbs the addressees.

Als der Herrgott, der Satan und Sankt Petrus mit der Schöpfung beschäftigt waren - Dualistische Schöpfungssagen in der schwedischen, ungarischen und russischen Kultur

Author(s): György Orosz / Language(s): German / Issue: 2/2009

In this paper I focus on dualistic creation stories, but without an attempt at an all-European overview. The analysis is confined to Swedish, Hungarian and Russian cultures, and references are made to various genres of literary fiction, folk legends, religious folk epic songs and annals. In the background of these examples the religious ideology of medieval bogomilism can be traced. “The Legend of Småland”, a chapter in Selma Lagerlöf’s children’s novel “The Wonderful Adventures of Nils”, draws on a dualistic cosmogonic myth of apocryphal traditions. This myth represents a modified variant of an etiological, dualistic belief. Satan is replaced by Saint Peter, who is believed to have created the mountains, which are symbolic of chaos, in the plain called Småland. In contrast, the plain was created by God. In the mythological view of the world, the plain is symbolic of the world of order, i.e. cosmos. The motif of soil or sand brought up from the bottom of the sea as well as the cooperation of the Creator and his Demiurge in the creation myth may be part of the ancient heritage in Hungarian mythology, or the motifs of the dualistic creation myth may have been borrowed later in the new homeland from nearby or distant neighbours whose tradition had been deeply affected by bogomilism. In the Russian Primary Chronicle, at the year 1071, an apocryphal story can be read in which magicians (‘volchvy’) present their ideas concerning the creation of man in accordance with the dualistic concept of Bogomils. The human body was created by Satan, from a bunch of straw hurled down from Heaven by God, and it was God who placed the soul in the body. Certain textual variants of “The Book of the Depths” (‘Golubinaja kniga’), a Russian religious folk epic, describe the single combat between Truth (‘Pravda’) and Falsehood (‘Krivda’). This combat can be interpreted, although indirectly, as the Bogomil tenet of the fight between Logos (Jesus) and Satan.

American Identity Enveloped in Words

Author(s): Anna Stwora / Language(s): English / Issue: 13/2017

This article aims at presenting presidential rhetoric in which the myth of the American Dream is employed in order to influence national identity. It provides an overall description of the theme of the American Dream from the standpoint of sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics, basing on discretionally selected inaugural addresses delivered by four Presidents of the United States, with particular emphasis placed on the process of moulding individual identity through the construction and maintenance of cognitive and thought patterns. The research questions posed are intended to prove that the American Dream may be perceived as an instrument of psycholinguistic manipulation which can be the source of ideological and social pressure.

AMERICAN REGIONAL LEXICAL SURVEY: GENDER AND AGE IN LEXICAL CHANGE IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

Author(s): Carol Little / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2012

The American South has always been a distinct linguistic region. Using data from the American Regional Lexical Survey, this study shows the overall decline in use of Southern lexical terms. The following explores these changes in lexical choice in this region by comparing gender over time. Women’s choice to use Southern lexical items decreases whereas men’s usage of Southern lexical items increases significantly in the youngest generation. The results from this survey depict the effects of changing population demographics and labour statistics on choice of lexical item.

Amerikanizace českých příjmení na území Chicaga

Author(s): Lenka Procházková / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 3/2016

The article discusses the changes in surnames of Czech origin in Chicago. The first part analyzes the historical aspects of the Czech immigration to Chicago during the second half of the 19th century. The second part focuses on the different types of changes of the Czech surnames. Haphazard and infrequent changes are also mentioned.