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"ZAJEDNIČKIM" JEZIKOM DO TREĆE JUGOSLAVIJE

Author(s): Blaženko Strižic / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 89-90/2017

Jugoslavenska nacionalistica dr. Snježana Kordić sa svojim istomišljenicima te političkim i financijskim sponzorima i pokroviteljima nastavlja provoditi pseudoznanstveni lingvistički projekt „Jedan materinji jezik i jedna mater za sve“ u tzv. „regionu“ objavom sarajevske „Deklaracije o zajedničkom jeziku“. Toliko simplifikacije i vulgarizacije te do grotesknih razmjera glorifikacije jezične genetike te semantičke podudarnosti/različitosti leksika jezikâ kao glavnih, bitnih i presudnih pokazatelja i odrednica njihove međusobne identitetske podudarnosti/različitosti; nije čak ni u vremenu Novosadskog dogovora/diktata i lingvistike Aleksandra Belića/Rankovića zabilježeno na „zajedničkim“ nam područjima odnosno i Prvoj i Drugoj Jugoslaviji! Dr. S. Kordić i njezini istomišljenici te politički i financijski sponzori i javni promotori kao da nisu čuli ni čitali da je identitet jezika složen i višeznačan fenomen; te da ga tvore i književnost, kultura i znanost nastali na tom i u tom jeziku.

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"Быдлим в Чехии", или, Специфика чешских заимствований на примере онлайн-коммуникации русскоязычных иммигрантов в Чешской Республике

Author(s): Anna, Vladimirovna Golubeva,Anastasija, Anatol´jevna Timofejeva / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2014

The article speaks about borrowings from the Czech language through the prism of Internet communication (social networks, forums, blogs), presented by Russian-speaking expatriate community, which is one of the largest expatriate communities in the Czech Republic. This report contains the overview of processes that occur in the immigrant's use of borrowings, as well as the analysis of borrowings on lexical, morphological, and syntactical levels. Word-play is discussed here as well. Authors give characteristics of expatriate's language from 3 various points of view: in light of the language of Russian expatriate community on the whole, from the perspective of Russian expatriate community in the Czech Republic, and in terms of similarity to the processes which occur in the language of the metropoly.

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(U)śmiech na języku: o walorach zastosowania żartu lingwistycznego w publicznej komunikacji interpersonalnej

Author(s): Jolanta Krzyzewska,Seweryn Krzyzewski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2014

Despite the fact, that polish society doesn’t seem to be so much jolly, we can find often in polish public space many examples of (sense of) humor. There any many rules of official interpersonal communication, which enables saving mutual wellbeing of both “actors” – sender and receiver of message. Many good features of linguistic joke make it an attractive tool for advertisements (also for political marketing) and create between them a specific (and socially desirable interaction – media school etc.

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A da ipak popijemo čaj ? Reakcije na anglicizme u bosanskom, hrvatskom i srpskom jeziku od druge polovine 20. stoljeća

Author(s): Mia Slavik / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 5/2016

The way in which we understand and analyze language has been so changed that believing that one nation speaks one language is slowly becoming a myth. Changes in language perception and defining culture are stronger thanks to globalization process, and those changes are reflected in the best way in observing influence of English, one of the strongest lingua franca today, on the other languages. In former Yugoslavia are as that influence started after the Second World War. In that way the oryof languages in contact became reality in this area as well and stayed dominant in sociolinguistic analyses of the English language influence on Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian, mostly through the works by Rudolf Filipović. The most obvious indicator of what is going on when those languages come into contact are the anglicisms which can be shortly defined as words originating from English language and culture. Reaction of academics and wider public to anglicisms have been both positive and negative.The final aim, in this case, is to show those reactions and tackle the topic of language purism and facts that some academics decided that it was not important if “kahva”, “kava” or “kafa” were drunk as long as it was not “coffee”.

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A discourse approach to conceptual metaphors: a corpus-based analysis of sports discourse in croatian

Author(s): Daniela Katunar,Ida Raffaelli / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

This paper deals with the analysis of sports discourse in Croatian through the theoretical framework offered by conceptual metaphor theory. Within this framework, certain metaphorical expressions found in sports discourse are analyzed as expressions of two conceptual metaphors: sport is war and sport is force. The analysis of these metaphorical expressions combines the methodology of cognitive linguistics with corpus linguistics, resulting in the proposal of a new method for discourse analysis in general. In our research, we introduce the notion of the specialized digitized corpus as a basis for further quantitative and qualitative research. On the basis of the specialized digitized corpus created for the purposes of this research, it is shown how the formation of sports discourse is dependent on three categories of metaphorical expressions relative to the degree of their conventionalization within sports discourse: (a) conventionalized, (b) semi-conventionalized, and (c) innovative metaphorical expressions. Each of these categories is analyzed according to their frequency and various aspects of meaning that it entails. Through the introduction of the semi-conventionalized metaphorical expression category, we aim to examine the gradable line between language creativity and conventionality as it is formed within the discourse of sports.

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A hermeneutical reading of Penrose and Nelson and Winter - tracing origins of a misunderstanding?

Author(s): Oliver Krone / Language(s): English / Issue: 11/2012

This paper aims to understand based on a hermeneutical reading of Penrose (1959) and Nelson and Winter (1982) what knowledge is and where it is stored in the respective authors. Furthermore, the author wants to learn whether the subsumption of Knowledge Integration to Knowledge Management, as it can be often in the literature, has any foundation when coming from these authors. Reason for this overall analysis is the widely held view in the discipline of Knowledge Management that these authors are forefathers for it. Based on an interpretative, qualitative approach the author examines the way in which knowledge is held and created within organisations in the main work of this pair of author. The author comes to the conclusion that the discipline of Knowledge Management has seemingly overemphasized certain elements in the work of Penrose and Nelson and Winter, while neglecting the key aspect that for both author(s)the act of Knowledge Integration is much rather described in these works.

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A keresztnévdivat változása Szlovákiában

Author(s): Ján Bauko / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2017

Following the 1989 change of regime, there were more factors that influenced the forename giving in Slovakia. After opening the state borders the rise of migration, both emigration and immigration has resulted in a dynamic change of given name stock that has mainly broadened by foreign language name elements. While before the change of regime, the loadedness of a name was bigger, strivings towards having more unique and rare names registered have been more powerful nowadays. Due to interethnic relationships the name stock is being enriched by given names of various foreign origins. There are also generational differences in name bearing: the younger generation uses many of those given names that are absent from the older generation’s name stock. The number of the registered given name variants is increasing; the foreign spelled names are also frequent. Movie and TV series characters often serve as inspiration for naming. More and more nicknames become registerable given names. Giving two forenames has become a new fashion in Slovakia in recent years. The members of minorities have a wider choice of names since they might choose from the minority as well as majority name stock. Among the members of the minorities, the name registration in mother tongue is increasing. Minority name planning is one of the fields of applied onomastics, the tasks of which include propagation of the mother tongue name usage. The minority name planning deals primarily with the official use of personal, geographical and institution names. Publishing a Hungarian–Slovak forename dictionary (under preparation by me) maybe one of the methods for the minority (mother tongue) name planning in Slovakia, which could serve as a guideline for mother tongue name planning, for registering the personal names of Hungarians living in Slovakia in their mother tongue. The study deals with the laws of the Slovak Republic concerning personal names, the name registers and name catalogues in Slovakia and Hungary used at registering, the importance of name planning as well as the features of the planned forename dictionary and the structures of its entries.

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A Romanian Community in Ōsaka: A Case Study of Class Discrimination in Two Languages

Author(s): Adriana Tamasan,CARMEN SAPUNARU TAMAS / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

The idea for this research topic came to me after listening to a Romanian acquaintance speak first in Romanian, then in Japanese. Coming from a poor gypsy community from the south of Romania, A. had barely finished high school and her speech contained clear markers of her social background. Her Japanese, however, learned from her Buddhist priest husband and her mother-in-law, sounded cultured and elegant. Focused on field work conducted at a bar in Osaka, owned by a former Romanian hostess and tended by a Romanian man, as well as on numerous interviews, our paper will analyze the language choices made by other Romanian hostesses who tend to gather there when their regular hours are over. The concept of social class is less defined in Japan compared to other societies, but the lines and borders exist and it is our purpose to try to define them.

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A SEMANTIC-COGNITIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF UKRAINE IN THE SPEECHES OF B. OBAMA (2014)

Author(s): Anatoliy Khudoliy / Language(s): English / Issue: 16/2016

This article presents a semantic-cognitive analysis of the concept of Ukraine, verbally represented in the speeches of the American President, Barak Obama. The peculiarities of the President’s worldview are highlighted. The objective of the article is as follows. Firstly, it aims to demonstrate that the concept of Ukraine is verbally represented in the speeches of Obama. This means that Ukraine as a country, moving towards democracy despite the war with Russia, is an object of focus for American leaders. Secondly, the article suggests that there is a connection between the concept described, its pragmatic orientation and its cognitive processes. Thirdly, it describes the semantic peculiarities of the concept of Ukraine in the political speeches of the American leader, which are due to the role Ukraine plays in the local and regional context. Our research is based on the content-analysis of political speeches delivered by American President. The functional, communicative and pragmatic orientation of the speeches is highlighted. In line with the approaches of cognitive scholars, the article concludes that the concept of Ukraine is a complex semantic-cognitive structure that consists of core, transition zone and periphery. During the research for this article, fifteen speeches made by Obama in 2014 were analysed. This research presupposes the application of content analysis. It is relevant in the analysis of international relations with respect to the notions used by President Obama in his speeches delivered during 2014 in the relations between: the USA – Ukraine, Ukraine – Russia, the USA – Russia, and Europe – Ukraine.

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A Structural Analysis of Newspaper Articles

Author(s): Madalina Cerban / Language(s): English / Issue: 1-2/2015

This article analyses the structure of newspaper articles as text organization, taking into account the three elements of structure which represent the minimal unit of interaction in written texts. The term ‘exchange’ is used as referring to its structure that is made up of three parts: initiation, response and follow-up. The second part of the article focuses on text analysis, explaining that the triad consists of three turns or elements, namely, Lead, Follow, and Valuate, serving distinctive functions of initiation, follow-up, and evaluation. The last part of the article refers to triad combinations that form the text itself.

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A Study of Assyrians’ Language Use in Istanbul

Author(s): Arda Arikan,Ozan Varli,Eyüp Yasar Kürüm / Language(s): English / Issue: 10/2017

Being one of the oldest Christian communities in the Middle East, Assyrians have continued to live in various parts of Turkey for thousands of years. Today, the estimates related to the number of Assyrians living in Turkey vary between 4,000–25,000 while they cannot benefit from the rights put forward by the Lausanne Treaty among which schooling is the most important. Assyrian community can be said to be deteriorating in number. This decline in the number of Assyrians living in Turkey raises the question of whether they could maintain their ethnic identity while maintaining their language (Syriac). No studies so far have been carried out to find out the linguistic practices of Assyrian community living in Turkey, as well as their attitudes toward the languages they use. This study aims at shedding light on the present situation of Syriac used among the Assyrian community living in Turkey. The participants are limited to those living in Istanbul due to practical reasons. In this study, language attitudes and language use practices of Assyrian community living in Istanbul are found out through a language attitudes questionnaire. It is hoped that the results of the study will provide the current situation of the Syriac language in terms of its ethnolinguistic vitality as spoken among the community. It is also hoped that the results of the study will provide useful data for those who would like to help protect the ethnolinguistic identities of Assyrian minority in Turkey, as well as all those dispersed around the world, which seems to have become increasingly important for such a country at the gates of the European Union as Turkey.

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A Study of Gender-Conditioned Use of Inflectional and Periphrastic Forms in English Adjective Comparison

Author(s): Jelena Grofulovic,Vladimir Ž. Jovanovic / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

First introduced to the study of language by Robin Lakoff in her 1975 book Language and Woman's Place, gender has gained a status of a significant variable when it comes to language realization (Frank, 1978). As such, gender is an object of many sociolinguistic studies (Jespersen, 1922; Kramer, 1974; Edelsky, 1976; Thorne et al, 1983; Crawford, 1995) and is assumed not only to play a role in the pragmatics of language usage, but also to influence the frequency and nature of different lexical and structural realizations, resulting in what Kramer termed “a genderlect” (Kramer, 1974). The aim of this paper is to present the results of a case-study of periphrastic and inflectional instances of the grammatical category of comparison in English, attempting at answering the question whether gender causes a preference for periphrasis in language usage, which, in the broadest sense, presents a multi-unit alternative to a single-unit meaning, be the meaning lexical or grammatical, and the unit a word or a bound morpheme. We analyzed a sex-wise and quantity-wise symmetrical corpus, comprised of different registers and genres – fiction, scientific non-fiction, and on-line magazine articles, encompassing a million words approximately per sex, and looked for the frequency of periphrastic instances of the two categories. Our assumption is that gender on its own, with all other social and textual variables excluded (discourse, register, author’s age and social groups, personal language background) is not a sufficient factor to unambiguously and conspicuously determine an author’s/speaker’s preference for the periphrastic form of the studied grammatical values.

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A warum You nicht ballare?! Makaronizam, jezični mimetizam i ludizam u hrvatskoj popularnoj glazbi

Author(s): Ivo Žanic / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 1-2/2015

Lyrics in popular music are an important site of language contacts, of hybridization and of symbolic and ludic use of linguistic material. They are a source and a vehicle of linguistic innovations. However, the study of lyrics mostly focuses on their relation with the global expansion of English, although various historically existing language practices in the receiving societies can shed additional light to the topic: in the case of Croatia, this would concern the contact points with Italian and German. The paper analyses examples from various music genres, and shows analogies with early modern and post-modern macaronic poetry and the linguistic witticism of popular and élite cultures, including the use of phonetic analogies and other selected features to create linguistic metonymy. On that basis, the paper argues that popular music should be both synchronically and diachronically integrated into culture, and proposes a typology of linguistic interpolations and interferences.

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Adattár iványi Fekete László füleki alkapitány jobbágyainak személyneveiről (1670-1684)

Author(s): László Fülöp / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2017

Onomastic Examination of a 17th Century Relic of Historical Linguistics

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Addenda From Pre-Meninski Transcription Texts To Stanisław Stachowski’s “Osmanli Türkçesinde Yeni Farsça Alintilar Sözlüğü”. Part IV

Author(s): Luciano Rocchi / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2016

Stanisław Stachowski wrote a series of articles devoted to studies on the New Persian loanwords in Ottoman-Turkish, which were published in Folia Orientalia in the 1970s and later republished in 1998 as a single volume. Since then, however, a good number of editions of new Ottoman texts have appeared, especially transcription texts dating from before Meninski’s Thesaurus (1680), which provide much new lexical material. Within this material there are many Persianisms – predictably enough where Ottoman-Turkish is concerned. This paper aims to supplement Stachowski’s work with words of Persian origin taken from pre-Meninski transcription texts. It is divided into two parts, the first including data to be added to entries already recorded by Stachowski (eight articles), the second containing data that constitute new entries (three articles). A short historical-etymological note on the words dealt with also features at the end of each entry.

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Addenda From Pre-Meninski Transcription Texts To Stanisław Stachowski’s “Osmanli Türkçesinde Yeni Farsça Alintilar Sözlüğü”. Part V

Author(s): Luciano Rocchi / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2016

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Affinal Kinship Terminology in the Corpus of Bulgarian and Ukrainian Parallel Texts

Author(s): Ivan Derzhanski,Olena Siruk / Language(s): English / Issue: VI/2016

In this study we examine the occurrences and correspondences of terms for affinal kinship in a Bulgarian–Ukrainian parallel corpus of fiction. All instances of the terms selected for study, matching and non-matching, were located and counted, and the frequencies compared. Some of the asymmetries found may have roots in culture and history whilst others reflect diverse features of language and the practice of literary translation.

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Agnieszka Sieradzka-Mruk, „Radość i nadzieja. Smutek i trwoga” w drodze krzyżowej. Wybrane aspekty ewolucji dyskursu religijnego w XX wieku na przykładzie leksyki dotyczącej uczuć, Kraków 2016

Author(s): Ewa Wozniak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 03/2017

The review of: Agnieszka Sieradzka-Mruk, „Radość i nadzieja. Smutek i trwoga” w drodze krzyżowej. Wybrane aspekty ewolucji dyskursu religijnego w XX wieku na przykładzie leksyki dotyczącej uczuć, Wydział Polonistyki UJ, Kraków 2016, ss. 258

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Aligning Who I Am with What I Do: Pursuing Language Teacher Authenticity

Author(s): Tammy Gregersen / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

This study explores the dynamic, interactive relationship between teacher identity and authenticity. Through an examination of several socio-cultural (social identity, situated learning, and image text) and psycholinguistic (individual differences) second language acquisition theories, a conceptualization of identity is provided. Subsequently, language teacher authenticity is characterized from both a philosophical and pedagogical perspective and connected to the notion of teacher identity. The final section of the paper presents research-based applications that include reflecting critically, redefining personal credibility, discovering one’s personal style, displaying emotion and recognizing diversity to facilitate the positive-broadening quest of aligning one’s identity (i.e., who I am) with authenticity (i.e., what I do).

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Alkoholio prevencijai skirtų socialinių reklamų vaizdatekstis. Įtikinimo būdai

Author(s): Ruta Angele Vilkelyte / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 8/2016

This paper analyses anti-alcohol social advertisements. Assuming that in social advertising both linguistic and visual means of persuasion are used to provoke the addressee’s reaction, the author aims at determining the most dominating and effective linguistic and non-linguistic means of persuasion employed in social advertising. The methods of semiotic analysis and the qualitative target addressees’ interview are combined to achieve this aim. The semiotic analysis is used to determine visual and verbal means of persuasion used in social advertisements, while the qualitative interview is employed to assess their suggestibility. The results suggest that different persuasion techniques are targeted at different age groups. Advertising aimed at young people often portrays famous people of Lithuania. The text of such advertisements is usually written as friendly advice based on the author’s personal experience. The demonstration of solidarity is considered to be an effective technique; therefore, the personal pronouns I, my, you, your are common. In the advertisements aimed at seniors it is common to emphasise death, which is usually expressed by contrasting black and white. Such choice of colours creates a frustrating and inhospitable atmosphere and is effective in reaching persuasion. Slogans are usually short, which allows the addressee to concentrate on the essential elements of the advertisement. In addition, slogans are often impersonal, which creates some distance from the addressee. This sanction has been positively evaluated by the respondents. In advertisements, which intend to affect a large number of the population, the implicit addressee, usually bright colours prevail; however, this sanction disturbs the addressees.

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