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EU partners withdraw from joint venture with Russian company to avoid the threat of Polish legal action.
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The article reveals peculiarities of legal regulation and practice in providing of simplifications during the customs control till the introduction of authorized economic operator in Ukraine.Simplifications that were granted to Ukrainian enterprises in order to facilitate foreign trade are analyzed. It was determined that providing of simplifications during customs control is carried out in circumstances when the companies meet the established criteria. Usually the main criteria are the duration and frequency of foreign economic activity, the number and volume of performed foreign trade operations, status of payments to the budget and with the foreign trade operations kind of economic activity, high level of legal compliance and so on.It is important to do the assessment of the number of companies that meet the criteria of customs simplifications. At the same time Ukrainian experience shows that about a third of the total number of enterprises that had the right for customs simplifications used their right.
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This essay points to an institutional account of our existential interest in work as a missing piece in welfare analysis. In contrast with social liberals in the post-war era, both liberal economic and egalitarian discourses today espouse a narrowly atomistic account of human nature and the modern economy. Therefore they are unable to take account of the institutional bases of economic development, individual autonomy and social order, and the way these connect. The essay shows that a patterning of distributional outcomes is a reality in both deregulated and densely governed capitalist economies, but that only the latter offers real scope for social and individual choice. The influence of the atomistic account on liberal egalitarian thought however has produced an unambitious, imprecise, and in the case of welfare contractualism, a coercive, account of both individual freedom and social community. What is needed is a more explicit inclusion of a temporal dimension in welfare and economic analysis and a more differentiated framework of pluralist governance.
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This paper proposes a dualist view that economics exhibits the properties of both moral science and value-neutral approach, regardless of the normative-positive distinction. Our argumentation is derived from the understanding that, analytically, economics is a broadly-defined rational choice theory. As implied by this claim, on the one hand, economics behaves as a moral science for two main reasons: all economic theories and policy discussions are necessarily based on moral premises about means-end considerations; economics as an analytical approach can be and has been applied to explanations of a wide range of moral phenomena. On the other hand, since economists — without being informed of some ethical presuppositions of higher order — cannot deal with the comparisons among different value criteria, their approach remains neutral regarding judgmental positions, which should be given a priori to make economic enquiries possible. Ultimately, by this view we reconcile morality with value neutrality in economics, without slicing the discipline into two distinctive branches.
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Indonesia is a unitary state as asserted in Article 1 paragraph (1) of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia 1945. As a consequence of this, Indonesia dividing its territory into several regions. This study aims to analyze the form of regulation on financial relations among the central and regional governments, especially those that regulate balance funds to accelerate the equitable distribution of development. Types of normative research with legislative, conceptual, and philosophical approaches were used as the research method. In conclusion, the formulation of balancing funds between the central and regional governments prevailed so far has not yet reflected a sense of justice so that it can obstruct the occurrence of even distribution among regions.
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The paper presents results of a study conducted within the Erasmus+ project GLAT which promotes the integration of activities for developing computational thinking and programming skills into daily teaching in primary school. The aim of the study is to identify to what extent are primary school junior grade teachers from Croatia prepared for developing these skills among their classroom students. The results show that there is a need for teacher training programmes on applying methods, activities and ICT tools for developing computational thinking in everyday teaching practice.
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The present article aims at establishing some conclusions and summaries about the education quality in the Faculty of Business Management (FBM) with the University of Forestry (UF). The bachelor students’ opinion is studied for the purpose concerning the level of their preparation in Mathematics and Information technologies (IT) as an element of the system of quality in UF. The summarized replies of the inquiry give a possibility to evaluate student’s skills in applying mathematical methods and IT when mastering the curriculum of the disciplines from the educational plan of the FBM specialties. The results will help the improvement of the education quality in the faculty.
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The paper presents a history of Romanian aeronautics. Going beyond the pioneering period of the famous designers of Romanian aircraft (Traian Vuia, Aurel Vlaicu and Henri Coandă), we subsequently enter into other areas - hydroplanes, helicopters. Not long after the end of the First World War, in Brasov, the production of the most well-known and performing aircraft at that time - IAR-80, an intense participant in the clashes during the Second World War, began. After the War, the production was halt and then resumed in 1968, but previously (1949-1968), the university research in this domain was significant. The new model, IAR-93 has received permanent support, being set up several new production units, but some decisions of forced assimilation of some benchmarks were not good. After 1990, the realization of this plane ceased, being physically destroyed a series of almost new devices. In the second part of the paper, the problem of pilot training and the development of training aircraft is addressed. The article ends with an overview of the aerodynamic tunnels made and used in the Romanian aeronautical research activity.
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We commemorate 75 years since the disappearance of the famous Romanian researcher Ștefania Mărăcineanu, name with strong resonance in the evolution of Romanian science, subject of strong controversies regarding the contributions made in the discovery of artificial radioactivity, and not a few times in the core of jokes about the possibility of causing rain using radioactive salts. However, her primacy in the field of Romanian research in atomic physics remains unchallenged. Single, without descendants, her entire life was devoted to science.
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The article presents the development of professional electronics, created to implement the technologies needed to modernize and increase the efficiency of the Romanian industry and economy, following the model of the advanced countries of the time. At the beginning, research institutes for Electrotechnics and Automation were set up, and since 1966 the first institutes and enterprises for professional electronics have been set up at MICM - the Ministry of Machine Building Industry: ICE - Institute for Electronic Research and IEMI - Enterprise of Measuring & Industrial Devices, followed by other units associated with them. In 1971, the Priority Program for Electronics and Related Fields was launched, which set development directions and electronics tasks in the first decade of application, mainly for MICM units that served the entire national economy. It should be noted that in those years departmental research was a highly applied one, including design too. The first part of the article presents the research in the field of professional electronics in ICE, finalized with prototypes produced at the main manufacturer, IEMI, and also the ICE microproduction activity. In the second part, entitled Applied Electronics, the professional electronics produced in the main units where their specific activity was strongly related to electronics is presented, namely: a) IFA / IFIN - Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering associated with FAN – Nuclear Apparatus Factory, for nuclear electronics; b) IFA and CFT – Iasi, Technical Center for magnetometry; c) ICEMENERG for power electronics; d) RomanianRadio and Television, for electronics related to reception and broadcasting processes, etc.
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A website has been created, which seeks to bring out the ways in which is possible, a pedagogic technique, based on exploiting the Internet, to achieve the “higher” learning goal, namely the cultivating of critical thinking. It contains chapters with the theoretical material on “Chemical Kinetics-Chemical Equilibrium” and related subunits. They have the appropriate theory and examples that the student should study before proceeding with the questions to check for understanding and the proposed exercises. It addresses the students in order to help them move away from the classical method of learning from the book and on the other hand to help them experiment with the use of the computer, in order to turn the lesson more attractive to all of them. Except for the creation of the website and its structure, various online tools are presented for its implementation. The goal was for the students to understand the theoretical framework that covers the concepts of “Chemical Kinetics-Chemical Equilibrium”, to have their active participation and to maintain their interest during the teaching of the subunits undiminished.
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The archaeological site of Enisala Fortress is located at about 2 km west from Enisala village, on a limestone hill, which dominates the contact area of the lakes Razim and Babadag. Systematic and preventive archaeological researches provide an image of the 14th-15th century dwellings in the North Dobrudja. The archaeological excavations at the Enisala-Parcare point took place in 2014 and were investigated two areas, in which were identified 13 household pits. The 13 household pits are bell-shaped; inside them were found a diverse material: ceramic fragments, animal bones, fish bones, fish scales, red deer antler, iron arrowheads, sewing needle, knife blade, iron sleeve, iron horseshoe. In the lower part of the mentioned complexes were discovered a small number of ceramic fragments, to which is added the faunal material. The collected faunal remains come from fish, birds and mammals, and the last group is predominant. There were identified bone and dental remains coming from six species of domestic mammals (Bos taurus, Ovis aries, Capra hircus, Sus domesticus, Equus caballus and Canis familiaris) and six species of wild mammals (Cervus elaphus, Sus scrofa, Bos primigenius, Lepus europaeus, Capreolus capreolus, Canis lupus).
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This article theoretically discusses the national identity concept and its relation to the upholding of those distinctive elements that are associated with a country’s or a nation’s past. With a particular focus on the perceptions of British national identity in the 1990s, it presents some views of British academics, political pundits, politicians or journalists of those times regarding the state of the British society caught between the old and the new. The ‘Cool Britannia’ project proposed by the New Labour government aimed to resolve matters largely connected to a declining British society by putting forward a national rebranding plan, with the ultimate intention of modernizing a backward-looking British society at the turn of the century.
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In this paper, Ludwick Fleck’s philosophy and sociology of science will be briefly outlined in order to establish a ‘theory of the resilience of scientific misapprehension’. This theory will be use in order to gain insights into the modes of operation of defence and resilience of modern neoclassical economics in the face of recent harsh critique by singling out a case of extreme deviation of theoretical prediction from empirical evidence: minimum wages’ impact on employment.
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The challenge of sustainable development can be approached from different angles. In this essay it is argued that one also needs to examine the present close to monopoly position of neoclassical economic theory at university departments of economics in many parts of the world. An open debate is needed about paradigms in economics as well as ideological orientations.An alternative to neoclassical theory is outlined where individuals and organizations are regarded as political actors, each guided by an ideological orientation or mission. Reference is made to the 17 UN sustainable development goals suggesting that impacts need to be seen in multidimensional terms and an alternative definition of economics as “multidimensional management of limited resources in a democratic society” is proposed. It is argued that economics need to move away from its technocracy-oriented tendencies to democracy-oriented approaches. This is exemplified by a move away from neoclassical Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) to Positional Analysis as approach to decision-making and sustainability assessment.
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The argument put forth in this article shows that the hitherto scientific-realist approaches to econometrics are incongruent with the realistically reconstructed empirical macroeconomics. The SR approaches share in common being realist about the relations depicted by (successful) models. The economic models of data are sensitive to minor changes in sample and estimating methods what creates the ‘emerging contrary result’ phenomenon: the community of econometricians accept models that are inconsistent. Being SR about econometrics equals committing oneself to the following trilemma: (1) it is feasible to indicate the successful models that rightly isolate/idealize the regularities of the economy (the knowledge thesis); (2) econometric models are about the economic world (the independence thesis); and, at least in some areas of application, (3) successful econometric models contradict each other.
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These essays were originally drafted 30 years ago between 1988 and 1990, and then they were filed away and rediscovered just this year. They represented an attempt to offer a simple and unadorned version of fundamental issues in economics pertaining to our urgent need for a realistic concept of choice on which to found our constructions. The first essay introduces the notion of ‘opportunity cost’ and our use of caeteris paribus in the process of partial analysis. The second essay offers two metaphors for economic behavior: the ‘neighborhood store’ where virtually all neoclassical choice occurs; and the ‘chessboard’ that opens three issues simply ignored in orthodox settings. The third essay addresses the problem of interdependence, since choice in this setting confronts our range of awareness as bounded where outcomes spread forever with externalities everywhere, ruling out additivity.
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