"Nebibliografinë" Jono Bretkûno Postilë (1591): Vlado Daumanto egzempliorius

Author(s): Ona Aleknavičienė / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 06/2004

In this article I describe the copy of Jonas Bretkûnas' Postilla (1591), which is kept in the Kaunas Art Gallery of Mykolas Žilinskas (this is a division of the National Art Museum of Mikalojus Konstantinas Èiurlionis), in the section of Archival Documents and Photographs (call number: Tkr. 148). Until 1944 the copy was kept in the private collection of Vladas Daumantas. For a certain period after World War Two it was unknown to scholars. The copy was included neither in the Lithuanian Bibliography (Lietuvos TSR bibliografija, 1969; LB I), nor in the supplement volume (Papildymai, 1990; LBP). This is the tenth copy of Bretkûnas' Postilla kept in Lithuania. Daumantas' copy is not defective, but is in good condition. There are, however, certain errors of pagination. Certain circumstances attest that this copy was the property of Vladas Daumantas: (1) an inscription in purple pencil on the title page "VDaumantas" (cf. Fig. 1); (2) an inscription "VDaumanto kolekcija" in the accession book of the Art Museum of Mikalojus Konstantinas Èiurlionis; (3) a description of the Postilla in the manuscripts by Petras Jakðtas (a contemporary of Daumantas; they both were members of the 27 Book Lovers Society).

"U Doni Gjoni, biri i Bdek Buzukut ...” (Edhe një herë për prejardhjen e emrave Buzuk-u dhe Bdek-u)

Author(s): David Luka / Language(s): Albanian / Issue: 01-02/2015

In this essay/article, after introducing briefly the ideas expressed by various linguists on the matter in question, the author throws into discussion two issues: the origine of the patronymic Buzuku, as well as the origine of the name of Gjon’s father (Bdek), giving thus his contribution. He thinks that the two names, Buzuk and Buzuq, are nominal compounds. There is no doubt that the first part of these compounds is the noun buz/ë/(lip/s), but with the meaning ‘brink, border, bank’. It seems that with this meaning, are especially linked the toponyms and micro-toponyms, numerous throughout all the toponomastic nomenclature in our country, which come out since early times in various medieval documents to our days. The second part of Buzuk/Buzuq is the name Ujk (wolf), which appears since early in documents as personal name. It seems, then, that in Buzuk as well as in Buzuq, we have a compounding or a juxtaposition of two nouns, which originally named a place, buzë ‘brink’, where there were wolves, this perhaps in connection to some occurrence, now petrified in the micro-toponym Bazulk (respectively Buzuk). Later the noun must have been used as a patronym; over time it may have passed also to the naming of the village according to the name of the kin holding it. We are then within that circle which E. Çabej calls ‘the system of Albanian anthroponomy’.

"Vita et mores Gregorii Sanocei" von Callimachus – eine anekdotische Biografie aus der Renaissancezeit

Author(s): Przemysław Chudzik / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2019

Aim: The aim of the article is to look at the first Renaissance biography written in Poland – Life of Gregory of Sanok by Callimachus. Research method: A compositional analysis was carried out and anecdotes appearing in the work were pointed out. Anecdotes are one of the key elements of ancient biography, which Callimachus directly referred to. Results/Conclusions: The analysis carried out in this way not only shows the Renaissance reception of ancient patterns, but also the use of anecdotes, which has not changed since ancient times. Callimachus’ work has a two-part structure - the first part refers to the tradition of Plutarch's biography, which is chronological; the other, however, follows the thematic pattern of Suetonius' biography. Anecdotes appearing in the work perform all the functions they performed in ancient works - they successfully carry out their tasks in new circumstances and with a new hero - a fifteenth-century Polish magnate.

100 години от рождението на чл.-кор. проф. Дора Иванова-Мирчева

Author(s): Vanya Micheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2020

110 ГОДИНИ ОТ РОЖДЕНИЕТО НА ЧЛ.-КОР. ПРОФ. ЛЮБОМИР АНДРЕЙЧИН

Author(s): Zhaneta Zlateva,Milen Tomov,Tatyana Aleksandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2020

The paper deals with the main contributions to Bulgarian linguistics made by Prof. Lyubomir Andreychin. The authors highlight his innovative methods of research in Mo¬dern Standard Bulgarian and his understanding of the grammatical categories of the Bul¬garian verb system, in particular. They go on to outline his theoretical views on or¬tho¬graphy and the normativisation of Bulgarian spelling, emphasising his exceptional contribution to this area. Finally, the authors discuss Prof. Andreychin’s contributions to the study of the history of Modern Standard Bulgarian.

A Korvin-könyvtár Plinius-kódexe és a korabeli Plinius-ősnyomtatványok illuminációi

Author(s): Tamás Gesztelyi / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2013

A Lost Lady: A Narrative of Manifest Destiny and Neocolonialism

Author(s): Ammar Aqeeli / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

The greatly examined story of A Lost Lady usually depicts Mrs. Forrester’s success in meeting and adapting to the challenges of a changing world, a world characterized by materialism and self-fulfilment. However, the overlooked story, one far more disturbing than the privileged story in the text, is the narrative of oppressed groups of people of other races and the lower class. Drawing on some aspects of postcolonial theory, this paper explores Willa Cather’s own reactions to real changes in her society, to the waning power of imperialism, and of her nostalgic longing for the western prairies of her youth, without showing any sympathy for the dispossessed Native Americans and other oppressed races. It will also disclose the unmistakable colonial overtones, which remarkably resonate with the common discourse of “Manifest Destiny” during the time period of American expansion to the Wild West.

A moldvai csángó nyelvi revitalizációs folyamatok kutatása. Közösen értelmezett tudások, részvételiség és bevonás

Author(s): Csanád Bodó,Veronika Lajos / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 09/2020

In this article we introduce our fouryear long interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research project (2019- 2023). In the project we investigate the ways students living in a dormitory in Miercurea-Ciuc (Csíkszereda), Romania supported by the Moldavian Csángó Hungarian Educational Programme find their place in the Hungarianspeaking Transylvanian city; the ways they relate to their original home in Moldavia and the ways they interact between each other when using different linguistic and non-linguistic practices of belonging, identifying and differentiating themselves. First we introduce the research topic, then the objectives of the project and the proposed plan to carry out the research based on the principle of participation and engagement. Since the COVID-19 pandemic reached Romania and Hungary in March 2020 we also pose some questions regarding the possibilities of carrying out a participatory research in the field in the current situation.

A Possible Slavic Etymology of Hungarian komor ‘gloomy’ and komoly ‘serious’

Author(s): Ádám Galac / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2018

The Hungarian words komor ‘gloomy’ and komoly ‘serious’ are of unknown origin. The present paper aims to elucidate this question from various angles: it gives an overview of what the Hungarian etymological dictionaries say on this topic, shows that komoly is a relatively late development out of komor, spread by the language reformers (especially by Ferenc Kazinczy) at the end of the 18th century, and presents the attempts to prove the Turkic origin of komor. Finally, it offers a Slavic etymology based on the Slavic stem *chmur-, demonstrates that semantically the two words match perfectly, and dissolves the phonological doubts that may arise at first sight.

Ajama-verbi polüseemia ja ajama-põhjustamiskonstruktsioon eesti kirjakeeles

Author(s): Kairit Tomson / Language(s): Estonian / Issue: 6/2020

This paper examines the polysemy of the Estonian core verb ajama (‘to move something; to force someone’) and focuses on the development and use of the ajama-(lit. drive)-causative (MAKE-causative; henceforth ajama-causative). The analysis draws on corpus data consisting of written Estonian texts from the 16th century until the present day. As many as 2,366 cases of ajama were analysed in order to decide over the meaning groups of the verb and the relations between its meanings. The lexical meanings of the verb ajama are ‘to move or push something’, ‘to force or direct some­one’, ‘to deal with something (continually)’ and ‘to move’. A remarkable number of ajama cases appear in the constructions that have the meaning ‘to put something or someone into a physical or abstract state’. These constructions are considered as bridging constructions, as they have both lexical and grammatical meaning. The percentage of bridging constructions is rising in Estonian, nowadays accounting for around 32 per cent of all the cases of the verb ajama. The verb ajama expresses causal meaning in a causative construction (causer + ajama + causee + Vma-inf).In addition, 1,341 cases of the ajama-causative were extracted from the Estonian National Corpus. It turned out that 2/3 of the cases of the ajama-causative do not explicitly express either the causer or the causee. The cases of the ajama-causative expressing both causer and causee were analysed in detail. The 458 such cases can be divided into 16 construction types. The most frequent type of the ajama-causative is FORCE-EXPERIENCER-PROCESS (about half of the cases). In this type, the verb of the result situation is mostly naerma ‘to laugh’ or nutma ‘to cry’. The next frequent type is FORCE-PATIENT-ACTION (around 20%), in which the result situation can be expressed by various verbs and which is therefore a more productive type than FORCE-EXPERIENCER-PROCESS. The next types that follow in frequency are FORCE-PATIENT-PROCESS (around 10%) and FORCE-EXPERIENCER-STATE (around 10%). The fifth most frequent type, AGENT-EXPERIENCER-STATE (around 5%), is the first containing AGENT as causer. The analysis shows that AGENT as causer is rare in the ajama-causative, appearing only in 10% of all ajama-causative cases.

Album hrvatske ćirilice u Zbirci rukopisa i starih knjiga Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu

Author(s): Nina Čolović / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 2/2019

Review of: Nina Čolović - Ivan Kosić, Album hrvatske ćirilice u Zbirci rukopisa i starih knjiga Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu, Zagreb: Nacionalna i sveučilišna knjižnica, 2015, 396 str.

An Ancient East Asian Wanderwort

Author(s): Peter Sauli Piispanen / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2020

The previously non-discussed ancient east Asian Wanderwort araĵaran ‘interjection; barely, suddenly’ is discussed and presented in great detail, and traced throughout many languages phonologically and semantically. The root has also undergone local secondary semantic developments in places, meanings which have then been borrowed into neighboring languages, some already carrying the same root, some borrowing only the new semantic meaning. Aft er detailed lexical documentation of this root in various languages, a possible semantic map is presented at the end of the study. Language groups and languages involved in this very geographically spread out Wanderwort are the Turkic, Tungusic, Mongolic and Yukaghir languages, as well as Tocharian B, Sel’kup, Kamass, Kott, Russian, Japanese and Iñupiatun.

Analele Universității ”Dunărea de Jos din Galați, Lexic comun / Lexic specializat

Frequency: 2 issues / Country: Romania

Annals of “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, Fascicle XXIV General Lexicon / Specialized Lexicon is a refereed academic journal of humanities, focused on linguistics, language history, vocabulary and culture, language studies, philology, translation studies, communication studies, cultural history, cultural anthropology, terminology and didactics. The first issue of the journal was published in 2008 by the Faculty of Letters, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati. The journal also publishes the scientific papers which are communicated at the international conference Lexic comun / lexic specializat. General Lexicon / Specialized Lexicon. Lexique commun / Lexique spécialisé which has been hosted by the Faculty of Letters, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati ever since 2008. Even if we are a Romanian journal of linguistics, the editorial board has a wide perspective towards the lexical level of any language, the interest in the movement of ideas in the field of lexicology and lexicography, as well the in the international promotion of the Romanian contributions. For this purpose the paper publication languages should mainly be Romanian, English, French, but contributions in Spanish, German or Italian are also accepted.

ANALIZA FLEKSYJNA TEKSTÓW HISTORYCZNYCH I ZMIENNOŚĆ FLEKSJI POLSKIEJ Z PERSPEKTYWY DANYCH KORPUSOWYCH

Author(s): Marcin Woliński,Witold Kieraś / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 08/2020

The subject matter of this paper is Chronofleks, a computer system (http:// chronofleks.nlp.ipipan.waw.pl/) modelling Polish inflection based on a corpus material. The system visualises changes of inflectional paradigms of individual lexemes over time and enables examination of the variability of the frequency of inflected form groups distinguished based on various criteria. Feeding Chronofleks with corpus data required development of IT tools to ensure an inflectional processing sequence of texts analogous to the ones used for modern language; they comprise a transcriber, a morphological analyser, and a tagger. The work was performed on data from three historical periods (1601–1772, 1830–1918, and modern ones) elaborated in independent projects. Therefore, finding a common manner of describing data from the individual periods was a significant element of the work.

ANDALUŽANSKA GRAMATIČKA ŠKOLA

Author(s): Hajrudin Hodžić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 11/2019

The Andalusian Grammar School is one of the series of grammar schools that has enriched Arabic linguistics and left an indelible mark on its further development. After the arrival of the Arabs in Andalusia, due to its specific geographical location, there was a need to study Arabic and all disciplines related to it. Although living far away from scientific centers in the Arab East, the Andalusians became recognizable for their characteristic views and commentary on numerous capital works, but also on works that originated in Granada, Cordoba and Seville, greatly enriching the Arab library. The paper presents the circumstances in which this school was created, outlines the most significant characteristics and attitudes of this school, as well as the most significant protagonists of the Andalusian school and their contribution to the development of Arabic grammar in general.

Antroponimija u matičnoj knjizi krštenih župe Lovran

Author(s): Mateja Fumić Bistre / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 1/2020

Registers of baptisms are source for historical, sociological, onomastic, historical linguistic, even a medical researches, and by constant work on digitalisation of Croatian archival materials, they are easily accessible. One of those quality sources for anthroponomastic researches is a website Family Search (https://www.familysearch.org). It is a base of easily accessible registers of baptisms, marriages and deaths which is founded by Genealogical Society of Utah. This paper analyses first names and family names in the register of baptisms of the parish of Lovran from January 2, 1820 to January 1, 1860. This paper tries to continue researching anthroponyms of Lovran area which has already been partly analysed from other sources.

Apple Varietal Names as Culturemes: Translation Issues in Scientific Textual Environments

Author(s): Imola Katalin Nagy / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2020

In this study, our purpose is to establish a link between the concept of cultureme and a very intriguing type of specialized discourse: scientific texts belonging to the field of pomology (horticultural sciences). At least a segment of apple (and other fruit) varietal or cultivar names (especially those restricted to a certain geographical and cultural area or region) can be considered from a linguistic and translational viewpoint lexemes which carry cultural meaning. In our research, we focus on the apple varietal names which are specific to the region of Transylvania. We intend to see the way Romanian specialized literature observes or flouts the mentioning of Hungarian terms related to pomology (i.e. apple varietal names which are culturemes) as synonyms of the currently promoted Romanian versions. We also examine whether Hungarian specialists tend to mention the Romanian versions of Hungarian apple varietal names in their works. In fact, this research is, to a certain degree, an analysis of the attitude specialists display with regard to the scientific terminology and the long-established terms of the proximal culture.

APUNTES PARA LA HISTORIA DE UNA FRASEOLOGÍA DEL ESPAÑOL AMERICANO

Author(s): Juan Pedro Sánchez Méndez / Language(s): Spanish / Issue: 4/2020

Notes for the History of a Phraseology of American Spanish. This paper presents the characteristics that would define the historical Hispano-American phraseology as opposed to the European Spanish one. Phraseology is one of the areas in which the greatest variation is perceived among the different Hispanic countries. In this paper I will try to point out the main historical foundations that would explain this variation and the characteristics assumed by what we call the indian or colonial phraseology. This would be the origin of what today we can consider a phraseological Americanism, which presents some characteristics that allow establishing its historical study differentiated from the European Spanish and justifies the necessary diastematic vision of the general historical phraseology of the Spanish language.

Augusta Tenteļa pareizrakstības komisijas likumi un to atspulgi skolu mācību grāmatās un sabiedrībā

Author(s): Dzintra Paegle / Language(s): Latvian / Issue: 10/2019

The article reveals ups and downs of orthography at the end of 1930s, the alignment of orthography and changes in 1940s, and the influence of spelling rules on the use of the language nowadays. The article provides analysis of conclusions regarding spelling rules adopted under the supervision of Augusts Tentelis in 1938 and 1939. These “improvements” in the spelling directly affected the society, especially the content of schoolbooks. The article describes the development of several points in orthography-alphabet, use of long vowels ī IPA/iː/ and ā IPA/aː/ in the forms of verbs, forms of verbs in Simple Future second person plural form with ending -iet and the palatalized consonant ŗ IPA/rʲ/. The article provides a short insight into the protest on the part of the intellectuals against the orthography of 1938. To illustrate the orthography in practice, separate schoolbooks have been examined, specifying the biographic data of their authors Mārtiņš Gaide and Rūdolfs Grabis, and providing the main facts about the life of Augusts Tentelis and Ludis Bērziņš. The improvements introduced in the orthography by Tentelis caused disarray in the spelling, mismatches with the grammatical system of the Latvian language and the orthography developed by Jānis Endzelīns. In 1940s they were cancelled, but since 1946 the letter ŗ IPA/rʲ/ has been forgotten. This has changed the pronunciation from the close vowel e IPA /e/ to open vowel e IPA /æ/ in such verbs as dzeru, sveru, veru (simple present) and has reinforced the ending -iet in the of 2nd person simple future verb form lasīsiet, not lasīsit. These rules initiated the abandonment process of digraph ch in writing.

Bilježenje naglasaka u hrvatskome i dvoznakovni sustav

Author(s): Josip Užarević / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 4/2012

This paper is devoted to the study of the sign systems of accents in Croatian. Until the mid-19th century most Croatian grammarians and lexicographers (Bartol Kašić and others) used three signs, taken over from Ancient Greek: the acute accent (´), the grave accent (`) and the circumflex ( ̑ ). From the mid 19th century onwards a four-sign (or five-sign) system was established by Vuk Stefanović Karadžić and Đuro Daničić ( ̏, ̑, ´, `, ̄ ); this system has been used in Croatian accentology until today. However, there is also a two-sign notational system ( ', ̄ ) developed and used by Bulcsú László.