"Continuities and discontinuities. Educational program of The Planned Parenthood Association in Krakow (1957 – 1993)"

Author(s): Barbara Klich-Kluczewska / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2014

The article presents the program of sexual education prepared and offered by Krakow Branch of the Planned Parenthood Association in the wider context of socio-political situation in Krakow (1956 – 1989). Since the beginning of the Association’s existence, the special attention was paid to the development of educational program, which concerned the different aspects of „family life“. The article is going to answer the questions about its goals, the educational tools used to achieve them and its social targets. To accurately determine the position of the Association in the city‘s community I will analyse its foundation and activities in wider context of the pre-war traditions of the organisation and the activities regarding premarital counselling undertaken by the Krakow Catholic Church.

"CU MOARTEA PE MOARTE CĂLCÂND": "CEASUL MORŢII" DIN PERSPECTIVĂ TEOLOGICĂ ŞI MEDICALĂ

Author(s): Daniel Lemeni / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 22/2016

In this paper we explore the issue of death from medical and theological perspective. In the first section, we highlight the conclusions led by Dr. Sam Parnia, which are supported by scientifically proven facts. Dr. Parnia believes many more people may have experiences when they are close to death but drugs or sedatives used in the process of resuscitation may stop them remembering. In the second section we point out that the death is a separation that is no separation. We see death as unnatural, abnormal, as contrary to the original plan of the Creator, and so we recoil from it with grief and despair. But we see it also as part of the divine will, as a blessing, not a punishment. It is an escape from the impasse, a means of grace, the doorway to our recreation.

"UNIWERSYTET JEST NAJWAŻNIEJSZY”. Stefana Sawickiego idea katolickiej universitas studiorum

Author(s): Henryk Duda / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2017

The article discusses the publications by Stefan Sawicki (a scholar born in 1927) on the idea of the Catholic university. According to Sawicki, the most important issue in this fi eld is the relation between science and faith (ratio et fides), and the resulting question about the university’s identity, in particular about the marks of a Catholic university. The other issues, such as procedures of giving names to Catholic universities, their research fi elds, the proper size of a Catholic university, and the balance between the university’s openness to ‘others’ and its guarding its identity, stem directly from this crucial issue. While Stefan Sawicki’s writings will not provide a ready-made answer to the question of how a Catholic university should be structured or how it should function at a given time in history, they may inspire a “reflection and debate on what the university of this type should (and can) be like today, in particular in modernday Poland” (Stefan Sawicki, On the Catholic University, Lublin: Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, 2012, 8). Sawicki adds: “It might be commendable not to limit the debate in question to the general formulas of the Catholicity of a university, but rather to point how the Catholicity in question should be implemented in the academic practice” (ibidem). The questions raised by Sawicki pertain to an issue which cannot be disregarded also outside the scope of his work.

(Christian) Bioethical Dilemmas in Using Synthetic Biology and Nanotechnologies

Author(s): Antonio Sandu,Ana Caras (Frunză) / Language(s): English / Issue: 35/2013

Ethical dilemmas raised by the use of nanotechnology in medical practice can be viewed from several perspectives: religious spiritualist perspective, the perspective of human dignity (nanotechnologies can be thought of as an affront to human dignity), the issue of controversial choice. The article aims to expose some bioethical dilemmas in using synthetic biology and nanotechnologies. Nowadays is often brought into discussion the fact it is possible to appear in the future new human species resulted not via natural selection and evolution, but through the demiurgic effect of technology development in areas such as: synthetic biology, genetics, neurobiology and neurosciences, prosthesis technology and not least of artificial intelligence research. We will also refer into this paper at the possible raised challenges to ethicists who are oriented towards an ethics of species. Those challenges are raised right from the dawn of a consciousness of species, a social construction generated by changes of the meaning of belonging to humanity. During our article we argue that medical technology, especially genetics, medical assisted human reproduction and not least synthetic biology, require a rethinking ethical meanings of applying those technologies in everyday practices.

13. Tefsir Akademisyenleri Koordinasyon Toplantısı ve Akademik Tefsir Çalışmaları Sempozyumu (27-28 Mayıs 2016 Ankara)

Author(s): İsmail Çalışkan / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2016

The evaluation of Meeting of Tafsir Academics which held on 27-28 May 2016 in Ankara and Symposium of The Studies of Academic Tafsir/Ecegesis.

A 20.SZÁZAD TÖRTÉNELMI ESEMÉNYEINEK JELENTŐSÉGE A GÖRÖG KATOLIKUS EGYHÁZ SZÁMÁRA SZLOVÁKIÁBAN (CSEHSZLOVÁKIÁBAN)

Author(s): Béla Bohács / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2018

Historical Events of the 20th Century and Their Relevance for the Greek Catholic Church in Slovakia (Czechoslovakia). In 2018, the Greek Catholic Eparchy of Prešov commemorates the 200th anniversary of its establishment. Throughout its existence, the eparchy experienced its heyday and there were times when the eparchy struggled and suffered. The darkest period was the total liquidation of the Greek Catholic Church by the totalitarian regime in the years of 1950–1968. The eparchy resumed its activities in 1968 during the “Prague Spring”. The period of unrestricted activities of the eparchy, however, commenced after the “Velvet Revolution” in 1989.

A COMPARISON OF MODERN SCIENCE WITH VEDIC SCIENCE

Author(s): Subhendu DAS / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2019

THIS IS A REVIEW OF MULTI-DISCIPLINARY RESEARCH ARTICLES ON THE TITLE SUBJECT; PUBLISHED IN VARIOUS PEER REVIEWED JOURNALS; PROFESSIONAL CONFERENCES; AND SCIENTIFIC BOOKS; INCLUDING THE BOOKS OF RELIGIONS. (A) THERE WAS A TIME WHEN VEDAS WERE KNOWN ALL OVER THE WORLD. YOU CAN SEE THE INFLUENCES OF VEDAS IN THE BOOKS OF ALL MODERN RELIGIONS. FOR EXAMPLE; YOGA AND YOGIC POWERS ARE DESCRIBED IN BIBLE AND ALSO IN THE BOOKS OF JUDAISM. THERE ARE MANY HIGH LEVEL MODERN YOGIS ALL OVER THE WORLD WITH MAGICAL POWERS. SAINT JOSEPH OF CUPERTINO HAS DEMONSTRATED LEVITATION; DEFYING GRAVITY; AND HIS CASE IS MOST WELL DOCUMENTED IN THE WESTERN WORLD. YOGIC POWERS SHOW US THAT YOU CAN DISCOVER THE TRUTH; ONLY BY OBSERVING THE NATURE; JUST LIKE GALILEO DID. (B) UNFORTUNATELY; MODERN SCIENCE HAS ABANDONED THE APPROACH OF OBSERVING THE NATURE; AND HAS GONE ON A TRACK DEFINED BY HYPOTHESIS; ASSUMPTIONS; EXPERIMENTATIONS ETC.; TO DISCOVER THE TRUTH. AS A RESULT WE CAN SHOW THAT THE MODERN SCIENCE LACKS THE TRUTH. WE DO NOT KNOW EVEN GRAVITY CORRECTLY. WE DO NOT KNOW WHY PLACEBO MEDICINE WORKS. (C) WE SEE THAT VEDIC SCIENCE GIVES US A VERY MEANINGFUL AND UNIVERSAL DEFINITION OF TRUTH. WHEREAS THE MODERN SCIENCE LACKS ANY SUCH DEFINITION; CAUSING A MAJOR CONFUSION IN RESEARCH ACTIVITIES. (D) THE VEDIC SCIENCE ALSO HAS ANOTHER VERY CRUCIAL DIFFERENCE – IT HAS OBSERVED TWO TYPES OF CAUSES: (I) EFFICIENT CAUSE AND (II) MATERIAL CAUSE; BEHIND EVERY PHENOMENON. ON THE OTHER HAND MODERN SCIENCE CONSIDERS ONLY THE MATERIAL CAUSE. THIS IS WHY VEDIC SCIENCE IS VALID FOR THE ENTIRE UNIVERSE AND FOR ALL TIME; PAST; PRESENT; AND FUTURE. WE WILL ILLUSTRATE ALL RESULTS OF VEDIC SCIENCE WITH OBSERVATIONS IN NATURE. SUCH EXAMPLES WILL BE BEYOND COMPREHENSION OF MODERN SCIENCE. (E) THIS RESEARCH WILL SHOW THAT THERE IS A HEAVEN AND HELL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MODERN SCIENCE AND MODERN ENGINEERING. MODERN SCIENCE THEREFORE IS NOT AND CANNOT BE THE FOUNDATION OF MODERN ENGINEERING

A Critique of Alvin Plantinga’s Speech: ‘’Science and Religion: Where the Conflict Really Lies?’’

Author(s): SÜMEYRA TURAN / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2018

This article aims to examine Alvin Plantinga's speech at Biola University which name is: ‘‘Science and Religion, Where the Conflict Really Lies.’’ In order to achieve this purpose, after giving a description of the emergence of conflict between two disciplines, the ideas of Plantinga is examined through his speech and articles. The remainder of the article conducts a critical examination of his thesis in the light of Islamic viewpoint.

A GYERMEKBIBLIA-KUTATÁS LEGJELENTŐSEBB EREDMÉNYEI

Author(s): Dávid Németh / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2018

The Most Significant Results of the Research on Children’s Bibles. About twenty years ago, Children’s Bibles gained special attention in the field of Religious Education. Since then there has been active research in this field. The historical investigations have revealed a great amount of data unknown before. This study presents the case of the Hübner Bible in Hungary. There has been research concerning the theological and pedagogical aspects based on which the selection of the Biblical stories was made, research about the theological and didactical aspects of the narrative style and also the developmental psychological aptitude on the receiver side that has to be taken into consideration. The types of changes and distortions that differentiate the texts of the Children’s Bibles from the original are also discussed in the study. The quality and the function of the illustrations are also a subject of investigation. Here again the needs and the characteristics of the age group of the children who use the Children’s Bibles is a significant aspect.

A győztes

Author(s): Péter Sebestyén / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 01/2018

A Haunting ‘Ideology’: Doubling

Author(s): Daniela Ţuchel / Language(s): English / Issue: 2-II/2010

Dans cet article l'idéologie sera prise, d'une manière simpliste, pour un moyen de considérer les choses. Son épithète en anglais envisage l’intensité de la pression sociale quotidienne exercée par l'esprit d'imitation. Dans l'étude de certains procès de doublement, nous devons nous rapporter à l'humanité qui doit résister au cauchemar du clone scientifique. En plus, la vision double sera prise pour une réaction en chaine en tant que la mort de la diversité et le doublement de l'original fort culturel. La dissémination du double semble mettre en danger les ressources créatrices de la planète par son appauvrissement graduel. Finalement, l'originalité même d'un petit pays sera affectée par la globalisation contemporaine et son procès de doublement.

A HÁZASSÁGBAN ÉLŐ KERESZTÉNY LÉT LELKISÉGE ÉS TEOLÓGIÁJA

Author(s): Tamás Kruppa / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2018

Spirituality and Theology of the Married Christian Being. The „Milieu” where a modern Christian marriage exists, seems to be among not to easy circumstances. It is a double sided situation behind of you with God when you are together with your husband or wife, and behind of you with your wife or husband, when you are together with God. Although, we believe that in the Holy Spirit this two parts can be united into one whole. The marriage as institution is older than Christianity, but it is created and blessed by God from the beginning what’s the source of all holiness or sacrament. Christ gave it to the fullness when He raised it up to Himself. He is the only fundament in what all things stand up and fulfill sacraments, too. The marriage is a sacrament both in the Catholic and Orthodox Church, but from the point of you the of marriage’s mystery, they have some differences in their details. The scholastic Latin and the post patristic eastern Churches perspective the founda¬tion of sacraments like a creation ex nihilo, a discontinuing phenomena, and the sign of the sacraments are caused by Jesus Christ, the Incarnated Son of God. However the patristic tradition and the modern emigrant orthodox theology maintain that the foundation of the sacraments are in the fulfillments of sacrament’s sig or symbol which is created by God in the beginning intentionally in order to be able to reach its own final purpose. The “Love spiral” involves nine different grades which follow each-other again and again. In a really deep love connection these Moments of love need to be realized gradually. These grade are: 1. Calling, 2. Identity, 3. Intimacy, 4. confrontation, 5. Con¬version, 6. Reconciliation, 7. Communion, 8. Commitment, 9. Mission. Conclusion. There must be peaceful and friendly but professional confrontations between different parts of the divided Churches to find and looking for together the original place and status of the marriage in the Christianity. Marriage, Church, Sacraments, and particularly Eucharist are united in Jesus Christ ever and forever. This is the reason why Christian sacramental marriage make part of the sacraments of the Church and of Christ as Bride and Bridegroom.

A HÚSVÉT HOMILETIKUMA

Author(s): Károly Fekete / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2019

The death of Jesus was the sacrifice of the obedient and loving Son until death. Good Friday and Easter are inseparable. The cross and the resurrection together make Jesus the Christ and the Saviour. The sacrifice of the cross is linked to the open tomb of our Lord. And this interconnection can invite us to rejoice. If I understand the significance of Easter, I can also believe in its reality. The resurrection must not only be taught, but also believed. Otherwise, my creed of the resurrection is sacrificium intellectus (the victim of reason), an empty, arbitrary, and contradictory statement.The triple benefit of the resurrection of Christ is referred to in the 45th question–answer of the Heidelberg Catechism as the three time planes: the past, the present, and the future showing the threefold consolation of the resurrection. The first time plane recalls the memorable past, the first Easter, when the Prince of Life came out of the tomb of Joseph Arimathia. The second time plane points to the present. Christ has overcome the power of death to learn to walk in new life right now. Everything that must happen to us must be under the power of the living Jesus Christ. The third time plane is the Future: Christ overcame the power of death, so there will be a resurrection for us. God brought life to triumph with the resurrection of Christ. His resurrection is the keystone of the glorious resurrection that will come upon Christ`s return.The Resurrection of Jesus Christ is a guarantee of the renewal of the whole created world. The relationship between the present world and the “new heavens and new earth” (2 Peter 3,13) is characterized by continuity and discontinuity at the same time: we are waiting for the ultimate salvation that we have already “tasted” and which will be quite different from what we can think or imagine.

A KATAKOMBAFESTMÉNYEK MINT „VIZUÁLIS PRÉDIKÁCIÓK” ÉRTELMEZÉSE

Author(s): Olga Lukács / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2019

Several viewpoints took shape about the pictures and icons during the history of Christianity. The image representations have been subject to debate not only among religions but among the various Christian approaches, too. This debate flamed up quite strongly in different times in history.The study aims to determine the extent to which the icons and representations are rooted in Christian tradition. The study points out that early Christian art did not appear and develop in a void. It was the outward manifestation of a new spirituality as well as the result of a development process that occurred when the local cultures of the ancient world got in contact with each other.It is essential to point out that in icon painting as well as in the paintings in the catacombs the message of the icons was also perfectly grasped by those who did not study painting or were not very skillful painters, but still observed the iconographic traditions while those who the painting were addressed to accepted them. One can assess Early Christian art by the very few frescos remaining in the catacombs in Rome.They used pagan symbols as well as some themes of Greek and Roman mythology in order to convey the teachings of the church. They also used the ancient forms of art, loading them with a new content subsequently altering the respective forms as well. The art of the catacombs was actually dogmatic art since the theme depicted on the frescos mostly followed the texts of the scripture. Furthermore, the symbolic language had a paramount importance. The works of art created in the first centuries can also be considered as “visual sermons” that helped them explain God verbally and drive them to God.

A KOLOZSVÁRI REFORMÁTUS TEOLÓGIAI FAKULTÁS KÖNYVTÁRÁNAK IRATGYŰJTEMÉNYÉRŐL

Author(s): Gábor Sipos / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2017

After 1895, documents of archival character got to the library of the Protestant Theological Faculty. Papers of pastors were filed here with the intention of maintenance, dioceses and parishes also transferred old documents. Writings taken away from the archive of Supremum Consistorium on purpose to carry on research work got here, too. A part of the Sombori family’s records was filed here in 1940. The collection comprising 449 papers dating from the 16th–20th centuries was docketed by Nagy Géza, professor of theology in 1951, who arranged the documents according to chronological order. In 1979 the collection rolled in The Archive of the Transylvanian Protestant Church District, in the course of its classification we have sorted the papers according to provenance, the writings loaned were put back to their original places.

A leginkább emberek

Eberhard Schockenhoff: Elszántság és szembeszegülés. A vértanúk életének tanúságtétele

Author(s): Lengyelfi Emőke / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 01/2018

A lét tükrös szerkezete

Author(s): Katalin Szőcs / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 06/2018

A magyar teológiai liberalizmus jellemzői filozófia-teológiai megközelítésből

Author(s): Ábrahám Kovács / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2011

This study intends to show the main traits of Hungarian liberal theology in the 19th century with a view to throw light upon its stance regarding the doctrines of the church. This work seeks to sketch out the characteristics of liberal theological ideas through the analysis of five major topics. The first theme deals with the issue concerning the pursuit of a real and accept-able theological enterprise, i.e. how liberal theology rearticulated what theology is, thereby un-intentionally contributing to the emergence of Science of Religion. This meant a drifting away from the field of traditional Protestant theology. Second, the work describes the radically different approaches of the traditional and modern, that is, liberal theological trends from the aspect of philosophy of religion. Third, we define the liberal theological concept regarding the fabric of religion, and then present its impact on ecclesiology which resulted in a fairly broad understanding of what the church really was. This ecclesiological departure from traditional theology is certainly a unique feature of liberalism. Its spirit transplanted a different anthropology into the church, by deifying the human being. Finally, the optimist view concerning reason is analysed, a commonly shared liberal opinion since the Enlightenment, which had readily professed faith as progress towards perfection.

A MAROSI REFORMÁTUS EGYHÁZMEGYE 1927. ÉVI KETTÉOSZTÁSA (A BEKECSALJAI REFORMÁTUS EGYHÁZMEGYE LÉTREJÖTTE)

Author(s): Árpád Róbert Berekméri / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2017

The territory of the Reformed Diocese of Maros was modified in 1927, this being the second significant change in its history. In 1641, several parishes have left the diocese to form the Reformed Diocese of Görgény. The managing of a diocese, which by the first half of the 20th century represented 125 parishes, became a difficult task for the governing body. The idea of a territorial division came up in 1918, but only in 1922 was a decision made by the board of the Diocese. The lengthy splitting procedure, approved by the Board of Directors, ended on April 20, 1927, with the formation of the Reformed Diocese of Bekecsalja. Lajos Kolozsvári became the Dean of the new Church organization and Dr. László Dósa lawyer became the churchwarden. The Board of Directors rejected the appeal made against the election, and confirmed the new governing body of the Diocese on May 24, 1927. While the new diocese was not recognized by the Ministry of Culture and while neither the state nor the Board of Directors gave any aid for the settling in arrangements, the functioning of the diocese had to be managed through its own available budget.

A normális nem normális, a nem normális a normális!?

Author(s): Attila Tuzson / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 06/2018