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FOND BEJTUL-MAL ISLAMSKE ZAJEDNICE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI: DOSTIGNUĆA I PERSPEKTIVE

Author(s): Ahmed Purdić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 94/2023

The article presents a historical review of the conception and development of the funds of Baytul-mal with a particular accent on the collection and distribution of zakat and sadakatu-l- fitr amongst the Muslims of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the past hundred years. It offers a concise insight into Sharia- legal foundation of this practice within the framework of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It also gives answers to the most frequent objections of jamaats in this regard and it points out the challenges facing the Islamic Community in the process of collection and distribution of zakat and sadakatul fitr. Finally, it presents the most significant results of the field research which was carried out for the purpose of analysis of the issue in concern.

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The Impact of Islamic Ideology in the Society Based on Pottery Designs of Islamic Middle Ages

Author(s): Babak Behshid,Reza Rezalou,Karim Hajizadeh Bastani,Behrouz Afkhami / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The art of pottery in the Islamic Middle Ages along with other arts is one of the most beautiful and important manifestations of Islamic teachings that has affected all aspects of human life; theology, attention to the universe, goodness and humanity are constantly commanded. In this research, an attempt is made to determine the extent of the effect and type of those teachings by studying and classifying the motifs and decorations of pottery of the Islamic era based on the concepts of Quranic verses. The type of analytical-descriptive research and the method are field work and library research. After classifying the verses of the Islam, the designs and decorations of the art of the Islamic period and matching them with each other, a logical analysis of the findings is conducted. The aims of the research include: separating the types of motifs and decorations of works of art related to the Islamic period influenced by the themes of Islamic ideology and finding the extent of these effects. Questions such as the effect of the Islamic ideology on the pottery decorations of the Islamic era and their types will be addressed. The purpose of addressing the Islamic teachings on pottery was answered assuming religious beliefs, philanthropy and the taste of pottery artists.

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Centers and Peripheries in the 21st Century: Bulgaria and the Middle East

Author(s): Dale F. Eickelman / Language(s): English Issue: 43/2023

Guiding concepts in the social sciences are often presented in the abstract. Yet notions such as center and periphery are intimately tied to the historical contexts in which they are created. Thus, center and periphery in its original form was closely linked to the “modernization” theory that dominated the social sciences from the 1950s through the end of the 20th century. Recognizing such concepts in their historical settings facili- tates understanding their initial appeal and limits. The author narrates his own involvement with social theory, Islamic studies, and the rapprochement of anthropology and history, and development of the concept of centers and peripheries, especially as it was shaped by an ongoing multi-year social historical and anthropological project anchored in Bulgaria.

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Religion, Centers, and Peripheries: Notes on West Africa and the Arabs

Author(s): Simeon Evstatiev / Language(s): English Issue: 43/2023

This article is based on the introduction to the Religion and Culture Seminar of the Center for the Study of Religions, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski. The seminar’s 2022–2023 interdisciplinary theme was “Center and Periphery in Religion and Society.” The text outlines the notion of center and periphery with the aim of framing a possible overall re-conceptualization, demonstrating why this notion remains highly relevant to our understanding of the intersection of religion and society. The analysis builds on preliminary notes on West Africa as an Islamic periphery to the Arab world. It then provides examples from the Middle East and Eastern Europe. The article argues that although a phenomenon looks peripheral from certain perspectives, this does not necessarily mean it is insignificant. In some cases, it might be more appropriate to speak of multiple interacting centers and peripheries rather than of one single center and a loose periphery.

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Norman Paralı Askerlerin Anadolu’daki Faaliyetleri ve Türkler

Author(s): Karakuş Nadir / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2023

The Byzantine Empire owed its centuries-long great power to the perfection of its military structure. The Byzantine land, which spread over a vast area, was tried to be protected by these soldiers. The mercenaries serving in the Byzantine army were obtained from Europe, the steppes of Russia, the cold climates of Scandinavia, and the Pecheneg and Cuman Turks in the northeastern lands of the Balkans. Norman mercenaries began to be included in this community in the last quarter of the eleventh century. Normans, of Viking origin, spread from northern France to Andalusia and Southern Italy, where they served as mercenaries. Their capture of Southern Italy and then Sicily brought about the processes of statehood. Norman mercenaries serving in the Byzantine service were impressed with their superior combat skills and obedience to their leaders. Although they succeeded in the tasks they undertook, their unreliable and rebellious nature brought them against the Byzantine authorities. Byzantium, which got rid of the rebellious Norman leaders, usually through Seljuk lords such as Artuk and Tutak, followed a similar policy against the Seljuks, another power with which it could not cope. Seeing the benefits of the support it received from the Turkman lords against the Normans who rebelled against it, Byzantium would apply to the military units of the Seljuks in its later struggle against the Normans in Southern Italy. This process, too, will result in the death of Kilicarslan I, who gave his chosen soldiers to Byzantine service in 1107, in today's Silvan, which was known as Mayyafarikin (Miepherkeim) at that time. This article will discuss how this process started through the activities of Norman mercenaries in Anatolia.

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4-6 Yaş Kur’an Kurslarına Yönelik Online Şikâyetler Üzerine Bir Durum Çalışması: sikayetvar.com Örneği

Author(s): Fatma Kurttekin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2023

The “2022 Administrative Activity Report” states that the number of Qur’an courses for 4-6-year-olds affiliated with the Presidency of Religious Affairs, which started its educational activities with a pilot programme in the 2013-2014 academic year, has rapidly increased to 5,651. A certain standard and level of quality are expected from these educational institutions. When these expectations and quality are not met, stakeholders can express their dissatisfaction/complaints within their immediate social circles on a micro level and to a broader audience through the internet on a macro level. One of the complaint platforms where these grievances are published in our country is a website called “sikayetvar.com”. The website “sikayetvar.com” has been preferred due to being the first complaint platform, allowing free membership, and providing easy sharing of complaints. In this respect, the study aims to analyze and evaluate the dissatisfaction with the problems related to service quality by examining the complaints about the 4-6-year-old Qur’an courses that were published between 1.6.2019 and 30.6.2023. To achieve this research goal, document scanning and content analysis were used. The research identified 166 complaints associated with Qur'an courses for ages 4-6, categorized into three themes: “registration and dues”, “staff”, and “legitimacy and facilities/resources”. Almost all of the complaints were centered around registration dues, and personnel matters. The findings suggest that the Presidency of Religious Affairs should adopt a proactive and solution-oriented approach to enhance service quality and strengthen its connection with internal and external stakeholders. Several suggestions for achieving this goal are provided.

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Sudûr Nazariyesinin Platon ve Aristoteles Felsefeleri Çerçevesinde Analizi

Author(s): Mehmet Murat Karakaya / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2023

In the history of philosophy, various theories have been proposed concerning the emergence of existence around concepts such as principle, cause, origin, hypostasis, and so on. Some of these theories, due to the weakness of their hypotheses, eventually lost their significance and faded away in the history of thought, while others have maintained their influence from the past to the present due to the strength of the principles they encompass. One of the most robust theories for the coming into existence and positioning of beings is the theory of emanation/overflow. Emanation is attributed to Plotinus, the founding philosopher of the Late Platonic Period (Neoplatonic Era). Although Plotinus is known as a Platonist philosopher, it is understood from his Enneads he also greatly benefited from Aristotle. While it is acknowledged that emanation is not prominently emphasized in the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle, the doctrines they articulated regarding being and oneness have greatly influenced various philosophical traditions. For instance, the Later Platonic tradition, which followed in Plato's footsteps, developed the theory of emanation based on his metaphysical framework concerning being and oneness. In this regard, it becomes necessary to establish a foundation for the concepts of “participation,” “oneness,” and “being” within the context of causality, which constitutes one of the most distinctive aspects of the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle, to comprehend the theory of emanation. The problematic issue to be addressed within the context of this study is the investigation of the philosophical background behind the emergence of the theory of emanation within the framework of Platonic philosophy, as opposed to Aristotelian philosophy. The fact that Plotinus is one of the important philosophers of the Platonic tradition does not seem to be an adequate explanation for the subject. The fact that such a theory did not emerge during the period from Plato’s death (347 BC) until the third century AD, that is, up to the time of Plotinus (d. 270) is not a matter that pure Platonism can explain. Therefore, it is philosophically important to identify the arguments that come to the forefront within the context of the theory of emanation in explaining of the matter. This study examines both metaphysical approaches within the theory of emanation.

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The Importance of Symbols in the Sufi Tradition: An Example of the Concept of Justice

Author(s): Tuğçe Şensöz / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The concept of justice is a concept that has been emphasized in every age, every religious and moral life style and every culture since the emergence of the philosophical way of thinking. In all social, religious or moral perspectives, the concept of justice is expressed with different symbols in a guiding nature. Symbols inspired by nature such as the sun, moon and stars are also examples of these. We see that the concept of justice is discussed and examined in the light of symbols in the Mayan civilization, Ancient Chinese teachings and Ancient Greek thought, as well as in the Islamic Sufi tradition. The concept of justice, which is the sum and integrator of the virtues, regulates their functioning and organizes the entire moral life within the framework of the principles of fairness and equality, has functioned like a sun or a pole star in the Islamic Sufi tradition. In this article, the place of the concept of justice in Islamic mysticism will be discussed through symbols. Considering justice as a natural figure, its effect on the Sufis' perception of spirituality will be examined, based on the original definition that emerged in Islamic Sufism. Thus, it is aimed to make this concept clear and understandable by showing the aspects of the concept of justice, which has a deep-rooted historical and cultural background, that contribute to both theoretical and practical life in Islamic Sufi thought.

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The Act of Grieving in The Philosophy of Așik Veysel- The Role of Cultural Codes in the Healing Process in Spiritual Support and Guidance

Author(s): Emel Sünter,Nisan Şaşal / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Aşık Veysel is an important representative of the minstrel tradition in the context of Turkish thought. Looking at the philosophical depth of his poems, it is possible to see a philosophy of life. The subject of this study is to analyse the meaning of the image/metaphor of the act of pouring trouble in one of his poems and to determine how this image is effective in the healing process in spiritual support and guidance. In other words, it is to examine the effect of cultural codes on people in an anthropological context. In this sense, it is an applied study. The study was carried out in a tent city in Adıyaman, one of the provinces damaged by the earthquake that occurred in 11 provinces on 6 February 2023. The study was conducted in two different time periods. Four different groups were studied. In this study, the impact of spiritual support and guidance activities on "adults" was presented. In summary, when we look at the effect of cultural codes on the healing process, it can be seen that it contributes greatly to the search for meaning in such extraordinary moments of crisis.

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Кавказская тема Лермонтова в контексте рукописного наследия

Author(s): Irina А. Kiseleva,Ksenia A. Potashova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2023

The article attempts to reconstruct the historical thinking of M. Yu. Lermontov and his contemporaries. Political, religious, and socio-psychological aspects of the relationship between the socio-cultural systems of Russia and the North Caucasus are revealed through the comparison of the poet’s notebooks and notes from the Journal of Military Operations, historical journalism, official documents of the 1830s. The article presents rare materials from the archives of the Russian National Library, the Russian State Library, the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The manuscripts directly related to Lermontov’s military service in the Caucasus, official documents prepared on special instructions of the General Staff of the Russian Imperial Army, diaries and reflections of Lermontov’s contemporaries containing records of his stay in Caucasian expeditions are considered. Based on the figurative and stylistic analysis of individual entries of the Journal of Military Operations, their belonging to Lermontov is postulated. The emphasis is placed on the integration of the knowledge of a professional military man, a participant in the Caucasian events and the artist’s exploration of the world with his special perception of reality in Lermontov’s style. The systematization of archival sources and the analysis of the opinions expressed in them about the relationship between Russia and the Caucasus made it possible to recreate the context in which Lermontov’s historiosophy was formed, to determine the influence of public sentiment on the formation of the poet’s historical thinking. As a result, the leading ideological constants in the assessment of historical events correlating with Lermontov’s Caucasian historiosophy are revealed in handwritten essays of the 1830s.

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Islamic Philosophy in Indian-Subcontinent and Middle Asia: An Analysis of Literature Published in The 21st Century

Author(s): Salah Uddin / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Islamic philosophy as a branch of knowledge emerged following the triumph of Greek philosophy. A large number of studies focused on various aspects of Islamic philosophy throughout the world. The present study aims to analyze the articles published in the SCOPUS-indexed journals on different issues of Islamic philosophy in the 21st century from central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. Using bibliometric R-package and Microsoft Excel, the analysis focused on the summary of the data, productivity over the years, analysis of the sources and the areas of study. The number of publications has increased over the years on this topic. However, a significant amount of research has been conducted in Iran and Turkey. Eventually, the contributing sources are also mainly from these two countries. Among the topics covered are related to „Islamism‟, „Islam‟, „History‟, „Religion‟ and „Philosophy‟. Future research can be conducted on the contributions of various Islamic philosophers in metaphysics, epistemology, natural philosophy and social philosophy. Based on the current study's findings, future researchers on Islamic philosophy can determine their areas of interest.

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PRIKAZ KNJIGE „KONCEPTUALNI RAZVOJ ISLAMSKE OBRAZOVNE TEORIJE - TETAVVURU MEFHUMI EN-NEZARIJJETI ET-TERBEVIJJETI EL-ISLAMIJJETI” AUTORA DR. MADŽIDA ARSANA EL-KEJLANIJA

Author(s): Enes Julardžija / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 21/2023

Review of: „Konceptualni Razvoj Islamske Obrazovne Teorije - Tetavvuru Mefhumi en-nezarijjeti Et-terbevijjeti El-islamijjeti” by Dr. Madžid Arsan El-Kejlanij, Medina – Damask: Et-Turas i Ibn Kesir, 1985, 291 str.

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SARAJEVSKI GUREBA-DEFTER IZ 1261/1845. GODINE

Author(s): Alma Omanović-Veladžić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 72/2023

In this paper, the Gureba-defter from 1261/1845 which testifies to a custom that was practiced during the month of Ramadan will be presented. It is a list of financial contributions that were collected from wealthy families and benefactors in Sarajevo in the month of Ramadan in 1845 for the religious-humanitarian fund of the same name known as “Aid to foreigners and the vulnerable ones”. Its main goal was to provide financial compensation to ulama (learned people), softas (students of the madrasa), musafirs (intentional travelers) from our and other parts of the Islamic world for their engagement in the month of Ramadan, such as reciting muḳābele (public recitation of the Qur’an), offering tārāviḥ-namāz (terawiya), i’tikāf (permanent stay in the mosque during the last ten days of Ramadan for prayer), delivering appropriate lectures, as well as helping the poor.

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IZMEĐU SUVERENITETA, DRŽAVNOG NADZORA I KULTUS-AUTONOMIJE. ISLAMSKA ZAJEDNICA I BOSANSKOHERCEGOVAČKI MUSLIMANI U ANTITEZI NJEMAČKOG ORIJENTALISTE CARLA HEINRICHA BECKERA (1876–1933)

Author(s): Rifet Rustemović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 72/2023

February 2023 marks the 90th anniversary of the death of Carl Heinrich Becker (1876–1933), a famous German orientalist, founder of modern Islamic studies in Germany and the Prussian Minister of Culture and Education (1921, 1925–1930). Since his appearance on the German and European intellectual scene at the beginning of the 20th century, C. H. Becker tried to focus his various interests not only on a historical and cultural research of medieval Islam but also on Muslim contemporary issues. Based on this, his analysis of the European colonial powers regarding their Islampolitik found its main motive in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy’s regulations on the legal position of the Bosnian Muslim’ religious and waqf-mearif institutions. Although some Bosnian authors, such as Ahmed Smajlović, Smail Balić, Nerkez Smailagić, Salih H. Alić, Fehim Bajraktarević and others, referred to Becker's scientific work, his notions about Bosnian Muslims remained mostly disregarded in Bosnian historiography and Islamic studies. Therefore, the aim of this article is to – using the literature, the press, Becker's numerous private correspondence, manuscripts and other archival sources – analyse Becker's observations about the Bosnian Muslims and their Islamic community through the practice of the Austro-Hungarian Islam policy. Thus, this paper analyses the method of his Islampolitik in the context of his antithesis of the sovereignty, state-control and non-interference in religion.

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Author(s): Rusmir Mahmutćehajić,İsmail Albayrak,Alija Pirić,Faruk Dizdarević,Faiz Softić,Faiz Softić,Esad Kučević,Božidar Proročić,Safet Hadrović Vrbički,Edin Smailović,Miraš Martinović / Language(s): Montenegrine Issue: 93-94/2023

Reviews of: 1. Fajko Kadrić “Šta su meni ptice: Kazivanja Ekrema Redžića”, Tešanj: Planjaxkomerc, 2022. 2. Haverić Džavid, “Historija islama i muslimana u Australiji: Rane interakcije, naseljavanja i zajednice prije sredine 1940-ih” Haveric, Dzavid, History of Islam and Muslims in Australia: Early Encounters, Settlements and Communities Prior to the Mid-1940s, Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany, 2019. (263 pp.) ISBN 978-0-9580103-6-8. 3. Enes Karić, “Boje višnje”, Tugra, Sarajevo, 2023. treće izdanje. 4. Ulvija Mušović, “Vatan”, Almanah, Podgorica, 2023. 5. Dino Burdžović, “Memoari Besima Jusufovića”, Centar za očuvanje i razvoj kulture manjina Crne Gore, Podgorica, 2023. 6. Fatmir Bači, “Zalog svjetlosti”, Matica Bošnjaka, Novi Pazar, 2020. 7. Sve što je Dino napisao bilo je z(l)ato: Dve decenije od prerane smrti pesnika Aladina Lukača 8. Safet Hadrović Vrbički, “DIVAN - antologija vlastite lirike (tom I)”, Rožaje 2023. Izdavač: Udruženje bošnjačkih pisaca Crne Gore) 9. Zehnija Bulić: „Čekajući Turke“, Izdavač: BUKS, Novi Pazar, 2019. Faruk Dizdarević, “Druga obala: Ogledi i razgovori”, Grafičar, Užice, 2022. 10. Esad Kočan, “Naša Rijeka”, Almanah, Podgorica 2023.

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ISLAMSKA CIVILIZACIJA I TEOLOŠKI UZROCI DRUŠTVENE NERAZVIJENOSTI: JEDNO TRADICIONALISTIČKO ČITANJE MODERNISTIČKIH TEZA

Author(s): Asim Delibašić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 24/2023

This paper analyzes the theory of Islam as a religion that could have formed a rationalistic civilization, based on scientific progress, individualism and democracy. One of the representative studies on this topic is the work of Mustafa Akyol Reopening of Muslim Minds, in which the author uses the method of counterfactual analysis, posing the fundamental question: what would Islamic civilization look like if in the Sunni majority had not prevailed Ash’ari theology, but rationalistic, Mu’tazili theology? Although it could be said that the author of this study does not err when he concludes that Ash’ari occasionalism stopped the development of science in Islam, he nevertheless errs when he claims that the doctrines of voluntarism, predestination, and uncreatedness of the Qur’an, were generators of injustice in Islamic society. In this paper we tried to analyze the metaphysical foundations of these doctrines, re-examine the validity of the hypothesis about their harmfulness, and re-examine whether the observed harmful effects come from Islamic tradition or from the more recent attempts of modernization of Islam.

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AKAIDSKA UČENJA U OPUSU MUHAMEDA SEIDA SERDAREVIĆA

Author(s): Vahid Fazlović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 95/2023

Muhamed Seid Serdarević is one of the outstanding first Bosniak scholars who made a significant contribution to studying and presenting the field of Islamic studies in our language. His writings in the fields of fiqh, aqaid, akhlaq, and the history of Islam were a valuable contribution to the reforms of education in madrasas and maktabs of the time, and some of the textbooks he wrote were used for decades after without falling behind the contemporary writings of the time. Muhamed-ef. Serdarević by all means held onto the reformation heritage of the most prominent scholars of the modern Muslim era. At the same time his keen eye and awareness of the needs of the local religious theory and practice of the time heavily marked his writings in the field of Islamic studies while still strictly adhering to the sources of classical Muslim teachings. His works in the field of aqaid, thus, were also based on clear hanefi-mauturidi teachings and developed in accordance with contemporary pedagogical, and methodological standards of the time. Here we will present a number of his notable texts which gave shape to the studies of kelam in Bosnian language at the very beginning of the last century.

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REFORMA OBRAZOVANJA U DJELU MUHAMEDA SEIDA SERDAREVIĆA S POSEBNIM AKCENTOM NA NJEGOV RAD U PROSVJETNOJ ANKETI

Author(s): Mevludin Dizdarević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 95/2023

In this article, we will try to bring some light upon a number of reforms in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the turbulent period of Austro-Hungarian rule. The most significant changes were made in the field of education and it required numerous reforms and adaptations by the Islamic Community as they had to be adjusted in accordance with the new circumstances. One of the Bosniak scholars who gave shape to the reforms at that time was a young muderris from Zenica Muhamed Seid Serdarević (1882-1918). To mention his most significant efforts, here we discuss his remarkable contribution in the field of educational reform, his efforts in the Second Educational Survey where he actively promoted the need for reform in his speeches and discussions. The aim of this article is to point out his role in educational reform with an accent on his role in The Educational Survey.

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PRILOG ZA RAZUMIJEVANJE I VALORIZACIJU PROSVJETITELJSKE ULOGE MUHAMEDA SEIDA SERDAREVIĆA

Author(s): Edin Veladžić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 95/2023

Understanding the development of collective awareness of Bosniak people and varying social, political, economic, educational and cultural processes in Bosnia and Herzegovina that were taking place by the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century is not possible without an insight into the intellectual elite of the time. Scholars of religious orientation undoubtedly had a dominant role amongst the Bosniak intellectuals. Therefore, the role of Bosniak religious intellectuals in the process of the enlightenment is an important topic for further study and research. The aim of this article is to, through this example of a study of the life and works of Muhamed Seid Serdarević, a remarkable Bosniak scholar, who made a deep impact on Bosniak’s spirituality, draw attention towards the versatile influence of Bosniak religious elite of the 20th century upon social cultural and educational development.

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RAŠID GANUŠI - SAVREMENI ISLAMSKI MISLILAC I AKTIVISTA

Author(s): Edin Čolaković / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 95/2023

The author here presents biography of Rached Gannouchi, giving the outlines of the development of his thought and of the political party Ennahde of which he was a cofounder. After giving some basic biographical data in the initial part, the main part of the article is divided into a formative period until the foundation of Ennahde, Gannouchis’ political engagements before and after the Tunisian revolution through Ennaahde. The article highlights the main ideas that led Gannouchi toward understanding and solving Tunisian social issues as well as the political ideas behind Ennahde.

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