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Studiranje arapskog jezika neodvojivo je od studiranja islamskih nauka

Author(s): Mustafa Jahić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 60/2014

This article points to connections and mutual relations of the Arabic language and all its fields and Islamic studies that date back to the beginning of the revelation of the Qur’an, due to which Arabic language became an inseparable part of Islam in all its fields of studies. Thus Arabic linguistic studies have great significance in studying the Islamic studies, and Arabic language becomes one of the essential subjects in the Islamic education system. Keeping this in mind, this article also stresses upon the need for paying more attention to the Arabic linguistics, by introducing Arabic language with all its disciplines in our Islamic educational institutions.

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Svršenici mekteb-i nuvvaba bili su utemeljitelji i nosioci orijentalnih studija na sarajevskom univerzitetu

Author(s): Omer Nakičević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 60/2014

As a contribution to the argument that teaching of Arabic language has its origin at the Faculty of Islamic studies in Sarajevo (integral part of its curriculum), the author reminds us of some fundamental determinants of the plan and programme of an educational institution Mactab-i Nuwwab (The Sharia School for Judges, Scherijatische Richter Schule), later developed into The Higher Islamic Sharia School (VIŠT)on foundations of which, for more than thirty years, as a result of a planned activity of the Islamic Community in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Faculty of the Islamic Studies is functioning. Studies of Arabic language are the bases for all the other Islamic studies as it is confirmed in the Article 2 of the Organisational Institute for The Sharia School for Judges wherein it is stated: “Applicants that would be enrolled in this educational institution, will be those who succeeded in the test for the Arabic language grammar and syntax.” This high education institution, of which the Faculty of the Islamic Studies is the successor, has produced graduates that were amongst the founders of the Oriental Philology Department of The Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajevo and the Oriental Institute.

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Kontinuitet izučavanja arapskog jezika obavezuje nas na nove iskorake

Author(s): Zehra Alispahić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 60/2014

Association of Bosnia and Herzegovina with oriental culture and languages date back to time of the official establishment of Islam in the Balkan Peninsula in second half of the 15th century. Thus, we may say that the Arabic language represents an inseparable segment of historical, cultural and civilizational identity of Bosniaks and the other nations in this territory. Arabic language is continuously present in the educational system of Bosnia and Herzegovina since the end of the 15th century, at first in religious educational and upbringing institutions (maktab, madrassa) and, by the end of 19th century Arabic language, as a language of the world culture and civilization was introduced in the programmes of secular high schools. At the institutions of higher and high academic level Arabic language is present since 19th century, primarily at the School for the Sharia Judges and later in the Higher Islamic Sharia and Theology School, and with the establishment of Sarajevo University and its Faculty of Philosophy with the Department for Orientalism (Department for Oriental Philology) in year 1950, Arabic language is studied at other higher academic institutions. Continuity of the Arabic language studies in Bosnia and Herzegovina is a matter of pride, however the new era requires further progress and answers to many issues, some of these we brought up in this Forum about the Arabic language: what are the real aims of teaching the Arabic language at all the levels of the educational process, especially in madrassas and universities? Why is it that teaching of the Arabic language, regardless of the level, does not produce satisfying results in context of mastering the skills of understanding and communication when compared with other foreign languages? Are madrassas, as the faithful guardians of the Arabic language through so many centuries behind us, bearing in mind the fact that they educate the largest number of students studying Arabic language as compulsory subject, willing to make progress in the methodology of teaching Arabic language, undertake revision of the teaching plan and programme and introduce new modern and attractive textbooks that would respond to the requirements of the present time and to the needs of new generations, though at the same time ensuring and preserving the missionary role of Arabic language.

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O romanu Ivana Lovrenovića Nestali u stoljeću

Author(s): Adisa Bašić,Ahmed Burić,Boris Pavelić,Davor Beganović,Elvedin Nezirović,Enver Kazaz,Ivica Đikić,Josip Mlakić,Ljiljana Tadić,Roberta Nikšić,Strahimir Primorac,Tihomir Brajović,Željko Ivanković,Petar Gudelj / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 85/2015

Adisa Bašić: O mitskoj zemlji habita i hobita Amed Burić: Ivanovo djetinjstvo Boris Pavelić: Rekvijem ocu u stoljeću pakla Davor Beganović: Razmišljanje, meditacija, empatija Elvedin Nezirović: Nestali u stoljeću Ivana Lovrenovića Enver Kazaz: Poetika bola Ivica Đikić: Prigušeno pisanje o boli Josip Mlakić: Nestala stoljeća i “nestali” u stoljeću Lidija Tadić-Adžamić: Dijalektika poližanrovskog dijaloga i institucionaliziranost malih priča u literaturi Ivana Lovrenovića Roberta Nikšić: Nepotkupljiv svjedok istine Strahimir Primorac: Stranac u svome svijetu Tihomit Brajović: Lična arheologija i godine koje su pojeli ratovi Željko Ivanković: Identitarni omnibus Petar Gudelj: Ivan

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Hijerarhija i borbe u mreži književnih kritika: operacionalizacija Bourdieuove teorije književnog polja i simboličkih borbi eksponencijalnim modelima slučajnih grafova

Author(s): Marko Lucić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2015

Bourdieu’s theory of literary field – an important part of his theoretical and empirical treatment of fields – was founded on the concept of two »spaces«:the space of positions in the distributions of capital (inherited and acquired economic and cultural capital, and social capital) and the space of position-takings,or expressions of actors in a field. By the means of those expressions, actors attempt to influence evaluation of their and others’ positions and products. Hence,Bourdieu referred to these attempts as »symbolic struggles« in the literary field.The thesis central to Bourdieu’s theory is that relations of power in a field, i.e.relations of inequality in possession of different quantities and compositions of capital, determine position-taking of actors in the field. Within the literary field, selection of the objects and content of literary critique should therefore correspond to similarities and differences in the actors’ endowment with capital.Verification of that thesis required conceptualisation and operationalization of the actors’ interactions in literary critiques. Drawing on earlier work in reconstruction of Bourdieu’s theoretical and empirical approach in the framework of social network analysis (SNA), the author aimed to show that exponential random graph models (ERGM) are appropriate for modelling hierarchy and struggles in the literary field. For that purpose, the author conducted secondary analysis of a binary network consisting of inter-individual mentions of 35 Dutch literary authors in literary essays and interviews from 1976 – the only publicly available data set of the sort. ERGM stand out among other inferential SNA techniques by their ability to test simultaneously multiple hypotheses about 1) endogenous regularities in a network of interactions – where local and global hierarchy and struggles are formulated within theories of social networks, but are also relevant for insight into the field – and 2) exogenous covariates of interactions, i.e. similarities and differences between actors according to their attributes. In conclusion, multivariate and longitudinal application of ERGM was indicated to be appropriate fora consistent operationalization of symbolic struggles in the field. Multiple successively measured networks that are diverse in content enable the inclusion of social capital and sub-domains of interactions’ meanings into the analysis, and thus the examination of the mechanisms of reproduction and transformation of the literary as well as other fields.

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ТЕКСТОВАЯ КУЛЬТУРА И ПОКОЛЕНИЕ «БОЛЬШОГО ПАЛЬЦА»

Author(s): Oxana Lavrova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

Basing on the content analysis of 200 texts of the 20th century and on the author’s model of 8 subcultures of the postmodern era, this paper assumes a hypothesis that postmodern consciousness is characterized by egocentrism, tends to a dialogue with the other and to the understanding of him and refers directly to the text and textual reality. In the information era, that is, the postmodern period we are living in, individual forms of egocentric existence in the virtual reality turn paradoxically and relentlessly from isolation to polylogical interactive communications between people both in virtual and immediate reality.The metaphor “thumb generation” is used in the article as a marker of the informational way of living but designates at the same time the phenomenon of rising bodily activity in the informational milieu. The bodily pole counterbalances the informational way of living of new generation in the immediate but not in the virtual reality and involves a person in a special sort of messages to the mankind called flash mobs.

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NEVOLJE S IDENTITETOM

Author(s): Jela Sabljić Vujica / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2015

The examination of the origin and the configuration of the subject presents the central problem of the contemporary theoretical praxis. The question of identity formation is, for the first time, postulated in the modern period as a part of the comprehensive project of revaluating the normative notion of rationality. However, this question becomes fundamental in postmodern theory, principally in the structural and the post-structural school of thought. Doing so, the identity formation is deprived from ideological connotations, and it is elaborated exclusively within the psychic or the discursive layout. Considering the insights of the Critical theory and analysing the cardinal components of the above mentioned statements it will be evident that the postmodern concept of identity contains ideological implications.

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Building Legal Language Awareness through Legal Collocations

Author(s): Marina-Cristiana Rotaru / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Language awareness, an important concept in ELT, can also be used in the teaching and learning of specialized language, such as legal language. Like any other specialized language, Legal English has its own characteristics. Making students aware of various aspects and peculiarities of Legal English helps them understand and learn it better. One way of boosting legal awareness as far as Legal English is concerned is through legal collocations. Collocations, in general, are a good way of increasing language accuracy. Being able to build correct collocations is an indicator of a good command of the language. The peculiarities of Legal English are often thought-provoking to those who want to study it. Legal collocations represent a category of the above-mentioned peculiarities. But once students become acquainted with them, legal collocations turn into useful tools for understanding the specificity of legal language, such as the nature of various relationships established between the parties in a case or in a contract, or among people in a courtroom, be they members of the legal profession or members of the general public.

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Du CECR au texte littéraire à travers le manuel de FLE

Author(s): Violeta Conduruță (Măzăroaie) / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2022

Following its publication, the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages redefines the status of the literary text and proposes new approaches to documents in the form of tasks to be solved in the classroom. Before analyzing the place of literature in a corpus of high school textbooks, we point out that literary texts have always played a role in the teaching of French as a foreign language (FLE). Given this context, each unit comprises several parts, including an initial text with reading comprehension exercises, sections dedicated to the study of lexis and grammar, sometimes accompanied by speech acts (if they are not the subject of a particular section), a section dealing with questions of (inter)culture and civilization, and even an evaluation rubric. As an integral part of FLE teaching, literature is a preferential choice, given the tendency to stimulate reading at all levels, all the more so in high school.

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POV Shots in Light of Cognitive Grammar

Author(s): Mircea Valeriu Deaca / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The paper applies Ronald Langacker’s Cognitive Grammar notions to cinematic editing constructions. Notions like head, complement, autonomous and dependent structures and the concept of elaboration site (e-site) are applied to editing constructions. The e-site represents a schematic region in the situation evoked by a simulation, and plays the role of a simulator and a goal concept. Simulations can contain schematic components that only partially represent entities and event frames, not just detailed representations of them. Starting from grammatical constructions, we will detail the couplings between control models in sequences of POV shots. The visual expression is a composite structure that “inherits’ its profile from a component structure. Different construals and constructional schemas are instantiated by the juxtapositions of shots.The e-site plays the role a goal-concept. Goal-derived categories constitute the mappings between roles in event sequences, and instantiations in the environment. As structures of these mappings emerge, the conceptual system becomes organized around the action–environment interface (Barsalou 2003: 522). Since conceptual representations are dynamically contextualized to support diverse courses of goal pursuit, situated conceptualizations support conceptual inferences via pattern completion. When one part of a situated conceptualization is perceived, the remainder of the conceptualization becomes active, constituting inferences about the current situation. In short, the e-site can be defined as a summary conceptualization that inhabits a schematic region of a simulation, and prompts the film viewer to construct concepts that will categorize other components down the chain of a sequence of shots.In this paper, I describe different semantic construals evoked by a POV sequence of shots. The claim is that sequences of shots are conceptual systems bound by circular loops at several levels. Several configurations of the system coexist and the viewer has the executive control necessary for implementing alternative meaning construals.

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Aspecte ale neologiei în terminologia filozofică românească actuală

Author(s): Emilia Ababei Cioloca / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2023

Fenomenul de neologizare masivă prin împrumuturi din limba franceză de la începutul secolului al XIX-lea a transformat limba română la nivelul terminologiei filozofice, iar globalizarea și ascensiunea limbii engleze ridică întrebări asupra acesteia. Filozofia, având un raport intim cu istoria identitară, devine teren predilect pentru împrumuturi și interconectivitate interlingvistică. Conceptul de neologism, abordat în contextul limbii române, relevă aspecte formale, semantice și pragmatice. Distincția între neologism și neonim subliniază stabilitatea acestora din urmă, cu formare în baza rădăcinilor greco-latine. Neologismele de sursă franceză din lexicul filozofic românesc actual reflectă adaptabilitatea limbii la schimbările din societate și complexitatea terminologiei filozofice.

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Political Cartoons in the Context of the Russian-Ukrainian War. The Image of President Putin

Author(s): Andreea Nicoleta Soare / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This paper analyzes the image of president Vladimir Putin in the cartoons related to the Russian-Ukrainian war, published on the news websiteusnews.com. I will categorize the cartoons starting from the most frequent hypostases of Vladimir Putin since the start of the war, as presented by the cartoonists. The focus will be on the relation between the text and the image(graphic elements) and how it contributes to the final interpretation of the message.

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Learners’ attitudes towards online learning in EFL course

Author(s): Gentjana Taraj / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Although alternative models of teaching in addition to face-to-face or traditional learning are not new for many universities all over the world, the synchronous learning did not come as a natural consequence of incorporating the information and communication technology in education but was forcefully imposed on Albanian learners and educators due to Covid 19 pandemic which severely affected not only the economy, but also the education system. The present study aims at investigating the attitude of undergraduate learners towards synchronous learning. There were 141 (132 females and 9 males) students from four departments in two state Universities in Albania who participated in the study. The participants enrolled in English for Specific Purposes course for at least one semester. To measure their level of satisfaction in ESP course in Moodle Platform a questionnaire of 15 questions was used. The questionnaire consisted of three parts. It was found that learners were partially satisfied with synchronous learning in ESP course. Data indicate that learners prefer face-to-face education largely because it allows them to have a better interaction with each other and the teacher, be more active and motivated. The study suggests that the successful implementation of synchronous learning at the Institutions of Higher Education in Albania requires support from the institutions and adaptation of educational programs so that they offer the maximum acceptability and suitability to the learners.

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Technology and Foreign Language Teaching- A Dual Perspective

Author(s): Lucia-Mihaela Grosu-Rădulescu,Ana Maria Madalina Dicianu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Considering recent preoccupations with the digitalization of education, the present paper will present research results on the topic of foreign language teaching using technological media. Our main research purpose was to determine the extent to which both students and teachers find technology useful and supportive for foreign language teaching and learning, respectively. The analysis of the data collected via questionnaires revealed the high impact of technology on language teaching and language acquisition, with teachers and students supporting the use of digital media for better performance.

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The English Patient, A Narrative of Diasporic Identity

Author(s): Georgiana Monica Iorga / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This paper is a text-applied comparative approach to some thematic aspects of identity formation in a chosen fictional text belonging to diasporic literature in English, at the intersection of various geographical, ethnic and cultural spaces. Rather than aiming at an exhaustive survey of diasporic fictions in English (almost an impossible task, given the amount of such writing that is being produced in the contemporary global age), I shall aim at focusing on a number of recurrent topics approached throughout the chosen literary work. My main intention will be to point out various ways in which the textuality of written fictional text reflects on issues related to migration, nomadism and diasporic identity from a variety of theoretical perspectives, but situated mainly in a postcolonial, transnational and global light. Place and time are connected to memories and homeland as they represent important values for those who live in diaspora (place: where they were born and they spent their childhood or a part of their lives; time: events, customs and traditions associated to a certain moment in their lives).

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Technology and Control from Dystopian Literature to the Present Day

Author(s): Francisc Horvath / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

When watching a sci-fi movie or reading a book, people often wonder if those things they find out will be possible in the future. Things that seemed impossible 100 years ago are possible today due to technology. Nevertheless, does this advancement in technology mean only comfort? This article aims to study the topic of technology and control in three dystopian novels. Also, a second objective is constructing an imaginary bridge over time by finding analogies of what it seemed SF for the writers of dystopian novels and what we live today. Accordingly, what writers like Huxley, Orwell, and Bradbury considered the control of people through technology now exists, and it is mundane stuff.

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Linguistic Devices in Rabindranath Tagore’s Poetry

Author(s): Mariana Coancă / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Rabindranath Tagore, although not strictly a Bhakti poet, frequently delves into spiritual and philosophical themes in his writings. The corpus contains 15 poems from the Gitanjali collection translated in English by Tagore himself. The linguistic devices employed in the analyzed poems contribute to their thematic richness. These include repetitions of wh- words and phrases, highlighting commitment and persistence. Metaphors convey immersive musical experiences, intimate connections between devotion and action, and the fleeting nature of time. Rhetorical questions challenge traditional forms of worship, while symbolic words and enjambment enhance continuity and rhythm. Descriptive modifiers, such as adjectives and adverbs, evoke vivid imagery and contribute to the overall aesthetic. Tagore’s linguistic prowess, demonstrated through these devices, elevates his poems to timeless works that bridge cultural boundaries.

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Lucian Blaga`s Poetic Style in Prose: The Chronicle and Song of Ages

Author(s): Mădălina-Steliana Deaconu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The present paper aims at giving a brief insight into Lucian Blaga`s poetic style in prose, as it is revealed by the figures of speech, mainly by metaphors. They are analyzed both from the cognitive linguistics point of view and from the traditional linguistics one. The first part of the paper is a general presentation of Lucian Blaga`s volume, The Chronicle and Song of Ages, the second part focuses on the cognitive analysis of some metaphors, identifying the cognitive metaphors and describing the metaphoric mapping, whereas the third part focuses on the traditional analysis of metaphors, identifying the linguistic metaphors and describing the metaphoric mechanism. The fourth part of the paper gathers the conclusions, bringing together the main ideas.

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Las variantes de traducción de un texto jurídico-económico y la importancia de los métodos de traducción de los contextos económicos: financiero-bancarios, comerciales, jurídico-administrativos, legales

Author(s): Loredana Miclea / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 2/2023

Globalization has made multilingual communication essential, as many interactions and transactions need the help of an interpreter or translator to be completed successfully. Furthermore, productivity is based on several factors, such as communication, which is possible in many languages. Translations intended for banking and financial service providers from all economic sectors are required because markets are developing rapidly. It is clear that the financial sector needs specialists with certain distinguished knowledge in the economic sector, because mistakes could be costly. That is why the phases of translation of a legal-economic text and the importance of translation methods in similar contexts: financial-banking, commercial, legal-administrative, legal, are essential. It is vital to investigate the legal-economic translations of: financial statements, bank documents, balance sheets and all types of financial-banking forms (payment orders, checks, account statements, payrolls); financial-banking contracts (credit contract, account contract); audit documentation (translation of specific audit operations, audit reports, planning reports, financial information audit forms); of economic procedures, so that transactions and communication are as secure and clear as possible for clients who speak a foreign language (translations of financial studies and analyzes respectively); of conferences and business meetings with financial analysts and investors.

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Класификация и вариантност на устойчивите словосъчетания в българския език

Author(s): Vanya Zidarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

Fixed expressions comprise a large, specific and diverse group of linguistic units which makes them a serious theoretical and lexicographical challenge. This article offers a review of the existing classifications. There is also a new model proposed – one which distinguishes between a core and a periphery. Manifestations of structural variability are also considered in two directions: in language and in speech. The observations are based on the corpus in one of the Bulgarian phraseological dictionaries.

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