We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

4.50 €

Formuły i figury pamięci we wspomnieniowej prozie o dzieciństwie

Author(s): Ryszard Waksmund / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article demonstrates that autobiographical prose provides many infallible thematic and stylistic matrices, thanks to which it is possible to articulate not only the memories and give them the proper form, but also the autothematic talking about the work of the memory itself. Therefore, the author suggests that the syntax of individual memory is based on the grammar of collective memory in the form of the declension of certain topics. In the case of the recollective prose about childhood, they are connected with children’s close relatives or institutions, seasons, memorized animals, reading, meals, games, entertainment or clothing. In this way, biographical memory and cultural memory unite in full harmony.

More...

4.50 €

Konwencja pamięci doskonałej w autobiograficznych utworach dla młodzieży Zofii Żurakowskiej i Zofii Kossak

Author(s): Zofia Budrewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author of the present article analyses two novels for teenagers: Pożegnania domu [Farewell to Home] by Zofia Żurakowska and Ku swoim [Homeward] by Zofia Kossak in the context of perfect autobiographical memory as an artistic convention. Childhood memory consists not so much of facts as of sequences of images whose function is to project certain norms of behaviour. Both writers create a universal picture of a “community of memory” based on the fate of Polish families of landed gentry at Eastern borderlands, also drawing on their own memories dating back to the Bolshevik Revolution in Volhynia. The key to the ethical interpretation of the memory about historical events constitute the forms of presenting the dramatic imprint stamped by the revolution of the lives of both fictional families: 1) the technique of fragmentary flashbacks of memories of adults, employed by Kossak, 2) reporting ‘live’ by a teenage boy, employed by Żurakowska. In both novels, the interpretations of memory are constructed by means of the effect of the repetitive question about the sources and consequences of the most painful experiences. Both writers construct a narrative of transforming the landed gentry topos into the topos of the Polish Home. In the end, the dramatic events do not hinder the protagonists from transcending their sense of personal grievance. This issue is most strongly emphasized by Żurakowska in Nieporozumienie, in the preserved fragment of the planned continuation of her duology about Eastern Borderlands.

More...

4.50 €

Opowieść dla dzieci a opowieść dla dorosłych Dwie literackie odsłony Wielkiej Szpery w łódzkim getcie

Author(s): Hanna Dymel‑Trzebiatowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of the article is to compare and contrast two ways of creating a literary story about the historical events of the ghetto in Łódź on July 4th 1942. Allgemeine Gehsperre (General Curfew) was one of the most tragic moments in the history of the Holocaust, but though it has been narrated many times it still returns in new versions, triggering reflections concerning Marianne Hirsch’s concept of postmemory. The analyzed texts have been written within the latest years, and they reconstruct the same chronotope even if they differ in many aspects — i.e. genre, target group and volume. The first, Biedni ludzie z miasta Łodzi (2011) by Steve Sem-Sandberg, is a Swedish novel for adults, while the other, Bezsenność Jutki by Dorota Combrzyńska-Nogala (2014), is a Polish illustrated book for children. The texts are analyzed with narratological tools, and the conclusions about the discourse differences determined by the implicit reader refer to Lydia Kokkola’s research presented in the article entitled Representing the Holocaust in Children’s Literature (2003).

More...

4.50 €

Psychologia (nie)pamięci. Pamięć autobiograficzna a emocje i nastrój podczas lektury fragmentów komiksu z serii Marzi

Author(s): Anna Guzy,Karolina Glinka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article fits into the field of psychology of memory. It describes memory and forgetting in the context of experiencing emotions. The authors start with the definition of memory and discuss its typology. They pay special attention to the autobiographic memory and its significance in emotional coding. Elaborating on that part of the paper acts as a theoretical base for the research discussed in the article. The authors present the results of the research on the impact of a comic book from the times of People’s Republic of Poland (Marzi) on a mood and emotions of participants (n=90). The main research tools have been a questionnaire and the Mood and Six Emotions Measurement Scale by Wojciszke and Baryła (alfa-Cronobacha scale from 0,55—0,91). The conclusions drawn from the research demonstrate that with increasing age, a text which is being read causes weaker emotional reaction (regardless of valence of emotions).

More...

4.50 €

Zjawisko przekazywania pamięci zbiorowej w seriach o Harrym Potterze i Percym Jacksonie

Author(s): Ewelina Niemiec / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article treats about persons sharing their memories with Harry Potter and Percy Jackson — the main characters of a series of books for teenagers. Both characters step into the world unknown for them and they need help in joining collective memory of the new community. Rebus Hagrid, Ronald Wesley, Hermiona Granger, Albus Dumbledore and Severus Snape were mentioned in the analysis of the series about the young wizard. The characters from the cycle Percy Jackson and the Olympians are Charon, Grover Underwood and Annabeth Chase. The article has pointed out to the similarities in creating the characters in both series under analysis.

More...

4.50 €

Kobieca opowieść o Zagładzie na przykładzie genologii kobiet w Rutce Joanny Fabickiej

Author(s): Katarzyna Slany / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article broadly tackles the topic of post-Holocaust children’s literature and the issues of memory and post-memory. These motifs have become popular in the recent years, both in the international and Polish literature addressed to non-adults. The novel Rutka by Joanna Fabicka constitutes the source material of this article and serves as an exemplification of the post-traumatic trend in children’s literature. The book won the main award in the “Book of the Year” competition of the Polish IBBY Section in 2016. An interpretation of the novel that I propose is inspired by feminist studies on the experiences of women during Shoah. This research strand, which has been developed since the 1970s, emphasizes the tremendous role of women’s narratives. These studies hone in on presenting the specifically female experiences, which remained on the margins of the Holocaust narratives dominated by the male-centric narrations deemed as normative. In my study, I employ herstory theory as an analytical approach. In other words, the arguments pertain to the women’s micro-stories and revolve around reconstructing the feminist genres, sisterhood bonds, as well as bringing an individual, intimate and subjective female narrative self into the fore. In ‘Rutka’, the central female character is Róża, who is the main character’s aunt. Her personality can be seen through the lens of a woman with a feminist power. Her post-memory story plays a role of the heritage and will, being normally transferred from the oldest to the youngest woman in the family in the spirit of constructing or maintaining the female genre.

More...

4.50 €

Wspomnień czerń — językowe obrazowanie cierpienia w powieściach Małgorzaty Musierowicz

Author(s): Katarzyna Grudzińska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The essence of the present article constitutes an analysis of the functioning of the image of the past and a way of talking about the suffering in selected novels of Małgorzata Musierowicz from the Jeżycjada series. These novels are characterised by the image of a family full of emotional warmth, which is the source of happiness and safety. On such a background, it is interesting to discuss the ways in which totally different elements are entwined into the plot, including the nuances of talking about sadness, suffering, and despair. The idyllic picture of the world presented in Jeżycjada is disturbed by difficult, often traumatic experiences, such as divorce, and even death. The topic of the article, and especially the key terms contained in it, has required to employ the analytic tools from the field of linguistics as well as psychology. Discovering the linguistic picture of suffering in the novels under discussion has involved the deciphering of the specific code concealed in deliberately formed linguistic structures.

More...

4.50 €

Emilii Kiereś dialog z romantyzmem

Author(s): Krystyna Heska‑Kwaśniewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The study familiarizes the readers with Łowy, the novel by Emilia Kiereś published in 2012, based on the motifs of two ballads by Adam Mickiewicz: Świteź and Świtezianka. The author of the article attempts to acquaint the young readers of Ballady i Romanse with the early times of its author . During the analysis and interpretation, the author of the article points to the romantic motifs and literary themes of the story, simultaneously demonstrating that the story of Emilia Kiereś has a double recipient. For a child it will be a story from the border of fairy tales and fantasy, for adults — a literary play, tempting to compare it with Mickiewicz’s ballads. The author of the study also exposes Emilia Kiereś’s association with Lithuania and her fascination with Mickiewicz’s works leading her to create her own story. If Łowy were included in the canon of school reading, it would be an excellent preparation for Romanticism and Mickiewicz’s ballads, and a fascinating reading adventure.

More...

4.50 €

Podróże w przeszłość w prozie literackiej Ewy Nowackiej

Author(s): Agnieszka Miernik / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

(Un)memorization, recalling past history occurs in the literary prose of Ewa Nowacka in three conventions: traditional historical novel, “play with time”, and by means of using retrospection. The historical interests include the times of the oldest civilizations; Babylonian, Assyrian, Sumerian, Indian, Egyptian and the history of Poland in the 13th, 17th, 18th and 20th centuries (the Second World War period). Recalling the past refers to the concept of time, the perspective of perceiving aspects of the past, the present and the future, while a balanced use of all three temporal dimensions (the past, the present and the future) will allow to put the destiny in order and will ensure a more complete sense of existence.

More...

4.50 €

Pamiętajcie o ogrodach… Obrazy wsi w Febliku Małgorzaty Musierowicz

Author(s): Karolina Jędrych / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The present article has the form of an interpretative essay, in which I am writing about the latest novel from the series Jeżycjada — Feblik (2015) by Małgorzata Musierowicz. The eponymous images of the countryside refer to literary and pictorial comments and associations with the real rural landscape uttered by the characters of the book. I pay particular attention to two scenes from the novel: in the open-air museum in Dziekanowice and by the lake in the forest. There we can find references to the paintings of Józef Chełmoński, Jacek Malczewski, Julian Fałat, also to the poetry by Adam Mickiewicz, and — indirectly — to the literature of positivism. I term these associations literary and painting filters, which the author of the novel imposes on that which is real. Thanks to these filters we can see how the memory of the characters created by Musierowicz functions and to what extent their associations are derived from the reality and from artistic fiction. In this article I also emphasize the role of characters’ and the author’s herself fascination of literature and art in shaping the tastes of the readers and encouraging them to explore the literary and artistic gardens.

More...

4.50 €

(Od)pamiętywanie, czyli o powinnościach dydaktycznych wobec wielokulturowości na przykładzie książki Marcina Kąckiego Białystok. Biała siła, czarna pamięć

Author(s): Magdalena Ochwat / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The present article deals with the problem of individual and collective memory of the second and subsequent generations of Białystok citizens in the area of multiculturalism of their city. For many years it has been the home to many nations and presently it is also a place where racial, ethnic, and religious conflicts are visible. The book discussed in the article demonstrates such phenomena as eradicating the past of national minorities from the Polish history, negative national stereotypes in Poland, the spiral of hatred, roots of prejudices, as well as the struggle for human rights, the equality of the citizens, the freedom of speech and the work of activists who deal with xenophobia and oblivion, defending the “honor” of the city. We therefore have a choice of different behaviors which, if we use this book in polonistic education, will make the pupils aware of the multiplicity of attitudes towards the Other and indicate the desired ones.

More...

4.50 €

Międzypokoleniowy transfer wartości kulturowych — (od)pamiętywanie przeszłości dla przyszłości przez integracyjne formy sztuki

Author(s): Anna Śliwińska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The process of creating an archetypal cultural model is connected mainly with the phenomenon of inheriting the values during the process of upbringing. For a child, the family is a group of reference with which s/he identifies her/himself and assimilates the values, gradually forming her/his own hierarchy of them. However, in this process the educational and cultural institution also play a role. Presently, in children’s life, mass media with their chaotic, disorderly, and undefined transfer of values become more and more important. The role of art and its active practising is putting in order the factors which decide upon forming a hierarchy of moral, ethic, and cultural values.

More...

4.50 €

Postpamięć w komiksie: Maus… Arta Spiegelmana w odbiorze współczesnej młodzieży

Author(s): Anna Podemska‑Kałuża / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article has been devoted to the presence of the comic book Maus… by Art Spiegelman in the reading experience of contemporary pupils. This text is an object of teenagers’ fascination, who more and more frequently give up on the reception of a literary text and look for content associated with the culture of the picture. For the author of the present article, it has become very important to indicate the reasons of the strong interest of pupils in this comic book. Presently, Maus… is functioning in the cultural cycle of young people, yet it is too rarely present during the Polish language lessons. The author of the article has discussed the possibilities of using this comic book in teaching, particularly as regards the spreading of knowledge about the Holocaust. An important educational perspective has become to activate the graphic novel of Art Spiegelman in school discourse about postmemory.

More...

4.50 €

Narracje o przeszłości w tekstach popularnonaukowych dla dzieci zamieszczonych w czasopiśmie „Kumpel”

Author(s): Małgorzata Bortliczek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the paper entitled “Narrations about the past in popular-scientific texts for children printed in „Kumpel” magazine” I subject to analysis the information included in the corpus of popular-scientific texts excerpted from ten volumes of the „Kumpel” magazine. The analytical material is constituted by mini-texts that are difficult to define in terms of genre, which in general terms discuss selected facts from the Polish and European history. In the past assimilated on the pages of the magazine, I have distinguished three categories, such as time, man, and technical (technological) thought. These categories rendered the division of the article into the following three parts: 1. perception of time, 2. man and culture, 3. technical thought. In the summary, I have come to the conclusion that the topics and their sequences that are offered to the primary school learner gradually complement and supplement one another in a given text or in other texts, which (like puzzles) piece together as a specific whole — the early germ of cultural code.

More...

4.50 €

Jakość kształcenia językowego widziana oczami przyszłych nauczycieli, studentów romanistyki

Author(s): Dorota Pudo / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In this article, an attempt was made to understand the quality of language education from a new perspective. By means of a qualitative survey containing five open-ended questions, twenty-five Romance philology students preparing to enter teaching profession were asked to share their beliefs about quality in language education, various aspects of it, as well as ways of its measurement and their own personal experiences related to language learning. The method allowed obtaining detailed and meaningful data. The results showed that a lot of students seem to explicitly identify education quality with its immediate outcomes, as measured by language tests and oral and written examination. Students also associate quality with the acquisition of communication skills on which they could rely in real life situations. The teacher (his or her attitudes, competence, involvement) proves of crucial importance for achieving satisfying outcomes and enhancing education quality. While motivation, teaching methods, classroom atmosphere and organisation also seem to have some (minor) importance, teaching programs and curricula are completely ignored.

More...

4.50 €

Teacher quality as a prerequisite for quality education: needs and expectations of ESP teachers towards professional development in Polish tertiary education context

Author(s): Aleksandra Szymańska-Tworek,Julia Makowska-Songin / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The present paper examines the needs and expectations of academic ESP (English for Specific Purposes) teachers towards professional development in the context of Polish tertiary education. Quantitative and qualitative data provided by 82 respondents representing tertiary education institutions in Poland was examined and described. ESP teachers were asked about their experience and expectations regarding the following four areas of potential development: language competence, field-specific knowledge, knowledge of ELT (English Language Teaching) methodology and knowledge of ESP methodology. The results of the present study are to a large extent consistent with the wider literature on the subject. The main themes emerging from this research are: respondents’ strong interest in professional development, focus on skills specifically related to ESP in favour of those of EGP (English for General Purposes), lack of satisfaction with regard to availability, relevance and quality of formal in-service training, especially training related to ESP instruction. Additionally, it was noted that ESP teachers frequently recognise their lack of specialist knowledge as a long-standing, daunting problem. It was concluded that ESP teachers need and expect formal assistance related to their everyday teaching practice.

More...

4.50 €

Wpływ wybranych czynników na jakość procesu uczenia się języka obcego w opinii uczących się

Author(s): Monika Horyśniak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The quality of learning a foreign language is influenced by internal external conditions. Not without significance for the quality of foreign language learning are internal motivation on the one hand and organizational factors related to the teaching / learning process on the other hand. The article presents the results of surveys conducted among university students, students of the third-century university and high school students. The subjective opinions of the participants of the research allow us to get to know their opinion on the motivation to learn a foreign language, preferred language skills, the amount of time devoted to learning a foreign language and the choice of learning techniques. In addition, respondents provide information on the similarities and differences in opinion and expectations in three different age groups which took part in the research.

More...

4.50 €

Jakość kształcenia na lektoratach w uniwersytecie ekonomicznym a rozwój kompetencji komunikacji międzykulturowej

Author(s): Anna J. Piwowarczyk / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of the article is first of all to present the model of intercultural communication competences as a category affecting the improvement of the quality of foreign language education at foreign language courses in higher education institutions. The next part of the article presents the results of a qualitative study concerning the ways of developing intercultural communication competence during foreign language courses. It also focuses on presenting foreign language teachers’ perspective on the development of these competences in the process of foreign language instruction at the university. In other words, the article attempts to answer the question whether foreign language teachers develop competences of intercultural communication during language courses.

More...

4.50 €

Elementy glottodydaktyki specjalistycznej w programach kształcenia tłumaczy

Author(s): Marcin Szwed / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of this article is to discuss the potential benefits of including elements of LSP glottodidactics in higher study curricula in the field of philology and applied linguistics. The author discusses the traditional approach to translation training which focuses on a single (isolated) text comparing it to a strategy based around the notion of professional communication as a fundamental function of a specialised text. The analysis is performed from the point of view of the current goals and requirements of translation training. The article closes with a number of suggestions for improving the effectiveness of university education in this field.

More...

4.50 €

Efektywność kształcenia językowego a planowanie wybranych faz lekcji

Author(s): Barbara Czwartos / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of this article is to show that contemporary school needs to change its attitude towards foreign language teaching on account of the demands and competences desired on the market. The process is expected to take effect, which depends on whether a student is involved in the lesson, active and motivated. The role of the teacher seems to be very important in this context. He must plan the lesson appropriately, first of all by setting the goals. Then, the examples of beyond the textbook exercises will be given. This kind of exercises activate students and develop their cooperation and thinking skills as well as creativity.

More...