Gothards Frīdrihs Stenders jaunās dimensijās
Review of: Grudule Māra (sast.). Gothards Frīdrihs Stenders (1714–1796) un apgaismība Baltijā Eiropas kontekstā. Rīga: Latvijas Universitātes Literatūras, folkloras un mākslas institūts, 2018.
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Review of: Grudule Māra (sast.). Gothards Frīdrihs Stenders (1714–1796) un apgaismība Baltijā Eiropas kontekstā. Rīga: Latvijas Universitātes Literatūras, folkloras un mākslas institūts, 2018.
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The German unification process took for more than thirty years ago and still there is no consistency in German literary studies in how to define literature that has been produced in East Germany after 1989. There are terms like ‘Wendeliteratur’, ‘Reg
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The main aim of this essay is the novel Wie ich Klavierspielen lernte (2019), which is considered as a form of literary representation of textual thematization of music. The goal of the article is to show the musical motif which include a look on the characteristics of the main protagonist – Johannes. The music thematization term is used in reference to Steven Paul Schers, Konrad Górskis, Michał Głowińskis and Werner Wolfs literary-theoretical approach. An attempt was also made in the article to show the connection between the music motif in the novel being discussed and the biography of the author. Novels of Hanns-Josef Ortheil are characterized by many aspects of autobiographical themes and musical motifs. These texts not only describe composers, pianists, musicians or concerts, but also sketch feelings and emotions that music makes in the characters. Wie ich Klavierspielen lernte (2019) is one of the writer‘s most autobiographical texts. This is a story of Johannes, who is the alter ego of the author himself. His passion for music meant that he wanted to become a pianist.
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The first part of this study discusses problems of agreement in number occurring with collective nouns, noun phrases with more than one modifier and quantified noun phrases, as well as gender agreement. The question of logical (semantic) vs. formal agreement as a dichotomy or a matter of degree of semantic justification is presented. Issues of language norm, variation and codification are also touched upon. The attention then turns to a specific case of wrong (semantic instead of formal) agreement in number of the relative pronoun and the verb in the relative clause in the expanded noun phrase edin ot Npl, koyto… (‘one of the N pl who…’) in the public speech of educated speakers of Bulgarian. This requires syntactic analysis of the examples, a look into the semantics of the Bulgarian preposition ot (‘from’ in this case is translated into English as of) and a reconsideration of the functions of edin in those constructions. Accepting the idea of fused heads (Huddleston & Pullum 2002) the author makes the tentative claim that in these constructions edin unites the functions of numeral, marker of specific indefiniteness and a pronoun. This goes against the current view that edin is split into homonymous forms: numeral, indefinite article, and (according to some analyses) indefinite pronoun. The reason for this apparent contradiction in the two approaches is the not fully completed process of grammaticalization of edin as an indefinite article in Present Day Bulgarian, described in detail in some recent publications. The approach advocated here is more in line with the ideas of gradability, prototype theory, and fuzzy categories, rather than the classical categorization in terms of necessary and sufficient conditions as criteria for categorization. The final part deals with the relationship between the categories of number and determination, peripherally, degrees of comparison, and their realization in the quantifying(X) and the quantified (Y) phrases in partitive construction with the Bulgarian preposition ot: X (edin/etc.) ot Y ‘X (one/etc.) of Y’, paying attention to the distinction between genuine and pseudo-partitive constructions.
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The main topic of this study is the syntactic realization of predicates denoting positive emotions. The analyses of the argument structure of predicates naming elements of cognitive scenario of joy and semantic roles assign by these predicates are presented. Examples with causative verbs veselya (rejoice; make someone happy), abavlyavam and medial reflexive veselya se (amuse), zabavlyavam se (have fun), presenting their argument structure and positions in which the arguments are realized (as an external or internal argument) are discussed. Despite the similarity in lexical semantics, the verbs studied have different syntactic realizations, as they belong to different semantic (ontological) classes.
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The study investigates the problem of distinguishing between the conventional predicative and the optative subject complement in Bulgarian language. Using the help of valency theory, the hierarchical dependencies between the sentence’s elements are analyzed. Based on this, the common characteristics and the differences between the two grammatical phenomena are determined. General criteria for differentiating between the conventional predicative and the optative subject complement are proposed. A comment is made on the problem of terminological disagreement over the naming of the grammatical phenomena.
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Byname, noble predicate, surname, family name and dynastic name are special onomastic, resp. anthroponomastic terms. Some are specific only for onomastics, e.g. byname, others have more widespread use, e. g. surname. While the terms byname, noble predicate, surname are included as individual anthroponyms, the terms family name and dynastic name are group anthroponyms. Despite the fact that they belong to the basic generic terms, their understanding and definition is not always unambiguous and uniform with regard to individual languages or national onomastics. Some of these terms are understood as synonymous (surname, family name), because they reflect the older state of use in Slovak onomastics. Others are in a hyperonymic-hyponymic relationship (noble predicate as a kind of byname). The meanings of these terms are related to the development of naming persons and with the transition of the one-element anthroponymic system to the two-element system. The paper deals with the analysis of these terms, their semantic features and their definition with regard to the development of naming and the state of their use in contemporary Slovak onomastics. The first part of the article deals with primarily the terms byname and noble predicate.
More...Kovářová, Kristýna: Hydronymie povodí Ostravice (jména řek, potoků, rybníků a studánek). Ostrava: Pavel Mervart - Ostravská univerzita 2021. 284 s. ISBN 978-80-7465-511-1, 978-80-7599-302-1
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Gustaw Herling-Grudziński, a Polish writer who lived for decades in Naples, numerously turned to John Paul II in his diary entries as well as in the strictly literary texts. He argued his ideas, rebelled against many beliefs preached by the Pope, he was a strict judge of his many actions, but, most of all, he listened carefully to Pope’s words and he read his texts attentively. This paper talks about Gustaw Herling-Grudziński’s attitude towards the Priest andpriesthood, but most of all it talks about the presence of John Paul II’s thoughts in the works of Gustaw Herling-Grudziński. This presence in therefore multidimensional, from mere allusions to extended utterances, from short passages to extended psychological portraits.
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The paper aims to explicate the function of use of doublets in the processes of codification of the standard language. The core of the phenomenon of doublets is clarified, the distinctions between both of the phenomena – doublets and variants, are pointed out. On the material from the last orthographic dictionary – Orthographic Dictionary of Verbs in Bulgarian Language (2016), the way that use of doublets transforms the system of standard language is exemplified.
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The study presents the terminology related to women‘s hairstyles and headscarves in the Rhodope area, excerpted from various ethnographic, regional history and dialectological studies. The names of women‘s hairstyles are analyzed, mainly the varieties in braiding, as well as the types of scarves and decorations in braiding and head scarves. Terminological unity is observed in a number of names of women‘s hairstyles and head scarves, characteristic of the two confessional groups, while at the same time there is diversity in their varieties, named with terminological phrases. Many terms are characterized by polysemy, synonymy and transferability (based on metaphorical and metonymic transmission), as the main word-forming model is the affixal. The excerpted material is also characterized byorigin – the share of home vocabulary in the names of hairstyles, headscarves (pads andscarves) and their ornaments.
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At the beginning of this publication, a brief introduction presents the outlines of the history of the medieval Narration of Father Agapius’ text, its Old Bulgarian translation and its distribution in Slavic medieval literature. The Narration is interesting both in terms of its content, describing paradise and the miraculous journey of the protagonist there and back, and in terms of the language of the translation. Attached is a dictionary and index of word forms according to the earliest transcript, corrected and supplemented according to other witnesses.
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The study includes data on the inscriptions on the bells of churches in the Diocese of Nevrokop. The inscriptions are described and classified. Their graphic features, as well as their linguistic and textual features are considered. The specifics of the fonts used are presented. The publication marks the beginning of a more systematic study of this type of epigraphic monuments in the Bulgarian lands.
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Throughout the ages poets have spoken about God and to God in all manner of ways. They cried out for help and sung out in praise, and the tones of their verse have been anything from base familiarity to exultant praise. But all poets have recognised God as a standard for mankind’s sense of morality and ethics, as well as the locus of the true self. However, poets who found themselves living in times of war often spoke of God in a more earnest and even urgent way. They saw God as a means of protection and succour. As someone to be with in good times and to turn to in the worst moments. This is of course most normal, however, theAustralian Great War poets, who also saw God in these ways, saw God in their fellow man and the world around them. They saw the destruction caused by war as a desecration of God and a sacrilege against Him. Australian poets, men and women, servicemen, nurses and civilians, saw God as the first and last refuge of sane men. Not in any pantheistic way, God was seen in the soldier’s fellow man and the landscape of Australia. In the case of man, who was made in God’s image, Australian poets saw God’s image in the reflection of innocence and good deeds, while in the case of the Australian landscape, poets saw God’s hand of creation. For the Australian Great War poet, God was the binding factor of human existence.
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