SLAVIC CULTURE AND SLAVIC CIVILIZATION OR COMMUNITIES IMAGINED AND COMMUNITIES IMPOSED
SLAVIC CULTURE AND SLAVIC CIVILIZATION OR COMMUNITIES IMAGINED AND COMMUNITIES IMPOSED
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SLAVIC CULTURE AND SLAVIC CIVILIZATION OR COMMUNITIES IMAGINED AND COMMUNITIES IMPOSED
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Our perception of the past is concurrent with humanity because who we are and where we come from has always been a topic of interest for all people throughout history, thus we can not create a “one sentence” definition to the subject. What does the historian do? What is his/her mission? What is the object of her profession? How can he improve himself at his job? It is much easier to practice it than to define it. Of course, in my introductory chapter, I tried to summarize the most important general definitions of the work of a historian. In the next chapter, I focus on the circumstances of the development of historiography, e.g. first quasi historical writing, the Homeric epics. Then I concentrate on the works of Herodotus, Thucydides and Xenophon. This gives us an insight into the evolution of antique historical thinking. In the last part of my work I am discussing Roman historiography.
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The paper deals with the place of late antique bracelets with knobs in the funerary costume. There is an established opinion in the scientific community now, that such products were not used as bracelets, but were exclusively amulets. The main argument for such a conclusion is the absence of examples of fixing these items on the hands of the buried. Archival sources and publications of complexes with such bracelets were studied, and plans and descriptions of graves were considered to revise this assessment. It was clearly shown as a result of the study, that there are known cases of finding bracelets with knobs on the hands of the buried, which allow us to interpret them as bracelets.
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The article examines the question of the extent to which the actions of the Pontic king Mithridates VI Eupator in relation to slaves serve as evidence of his plans for the social reconstruction of society. Ancient authors note that the king of Pontus first noted the role of slaves in his decree on the extermination of the Romans, issued in the city of Ephesus in 88 BCE. In this decree, the king calls on the slaves to inform on their masters. In subsequent decrees, the king frees the slaves and calls them into service in his army. The call of the king to inform on the masters, and the release of slaves for service in the army, according to the text of our sources, refer only to the slaves of the Roman province of Asia, conquered by Mithridates. Finally, Appian’s message indicates that Mithridates knew about the slave uprising in Italy under the leadership of Spartacus. Some authors interpret this information as the kind’s “large-scale plan of social reforms”. In a number of reports of ancient authors about the Mithridates’ wars, the actions of the Romans in relation to the slaves are also indicated, which practically do not differ from the actions of Mithridates. All this allows us to say that the king of Pontus did not have a plan for social reforms and his actions in relation to slaves were dictated exclusively by plans to fight against Rome.
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The main purpose of the study is to identify the reasons of the Hunnic attacks on the Roman Empire in 395. Using the method of critical analysis of the content of the works of late Classical and early Medieval times, the authors come to the conclusion about the increasing role of the Barbarian world of the Northern Black Sea region in Roman internal politics at the end of the 4th century. The devastation of Gothic Thrace by the Huns may have been originally sanctioned by the Romans, due to the need to weaken the Goth — federates and to improve relations with the nomads due to the withdrawal of the main Roman combat-ready forces to the war against the usurper Flavius Eugenius.After the death of Theodosius I, the internal situation in the empire was again aggravated by the confrontation between Stilicho and Rufinus — guardians of young and weak emperors. In the course of this struggle, Rufinus deliberately allowed a disastrous Hun invasion of the eastern provinces, thus seeking to return the Eastern army to Constantinople under his command and to improve relations with the Huns.
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The paper considers the role of book culture, the state and evolution of education in the Eastern Mediterranean of the early Byzantine time (4th — 7th centuries) in the context of the cultural continuity between Antiquity and the Middle Ages, using the example of Asia Minor. In addition to the internal history of book knowledge and schools, general observations are made on the specifics of the situation in each of the main centers. Separately, the development of ancient and Christian intellectual traditions in the main regions is shown. Maintaining high standards of literacy, books, and schools continued until Byzantium entered the Dark Ages period.
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This article examines the topographical features of one of the largest trading cities of the late Roman Empire, Egyptian Alexandria. The problems and achievements of the study of the city's topography are highlighted. On the basis of the complex analysis of written, cartographic sources and the results of archaeological research the peculiarities of the development of topography in the Early Byzantine period are defined. The rational use of the city's geographical position predetermined its development in the next centuries. In the Early Byzantine period the transformation of urban topography took place mainly within the existing urban area due to the natural space limitation.
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