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Slovenski pogled na skupni srednjeevropski gospodarski prostor v drugi polovici 19. stoletja

Author(s): Andrej Pančur / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2006

In the paper, the author analyses the effect of interethnic conflicts in the Habsburg Empire in the second half of the nineteenth century, with particular reference to German-Slovene conflicts, on the shaping of Slovene opinion regarding a possible customs union between Germany and the Habsburg Empire, the existing Austro-Hungarian union, and economic relations within the Austrian half of the Empire. He concludes that Slovene views on a common Central European economic area reflected aspirations for the political and ethnic re-arrangement of the area, rather than economic reality.

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Ruski "mir", južnoslovanska zadruga in slovenski liberalci

Author(s): Peter Vodopivec / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2006

The author presents the views of the more liberal members of the Young Slovene movement - Ferdo Kočevar, Janko and Josip Sernec, Josip Vošnjak and Anton Globočnik - regarding the increasingly difficult situation of farmers, liberal capitalism and the resulting social differences in the second half of the 19th century. These representatives idealised Russian and Yugoslav agricultural collectivism and maintained that the differences and tensions caused by modern industry, western individualism and modern industrialisation could be abolished by strengthening the community, developing an awareness of common interests and nationalising labour (Josip Sernec). All of them had only partial or limited awareness of the long-term economic and social changes that had taken place in Western Europe during the second half of the 19th century, and they strove to direct the traditional structure of Slovene society along the road of modernisation as peacefully as possible.

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Vihar v kozarcu vode?: spopadi v Celju leta 1899 v očeh češkega časopisa Politik

Author(s): Eva Holz / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2006

In 1899, interethnic relations in the Austro-Hungarian Empire became very strained. In August that year, Czech students organised an excursion to some Slovene places provoking a sharp reaction among the local Germans. Things came to a head during their visit to Celje on 9 and 10 August. The events that accompanied the students' visit to Slovenia were recorded in the Prague daily, Politik. The paper reported warm welcomes in Kranj, Bled, Ljubljana and Postojna. Special attention was given to the events in Celje, involving the Czechs. Most papers in the Austro-Hungarian Empire covered the rioting by the Celje Germans during the visit of the Czech students. The papers in the German Reich also covered the events, since the German demonstrators in Celje openly called for the end of the Habsburg Empire and its annexation to Germany. Only direct participants were sentenced for the political slogans and the physical damage caused during the riots.

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Prizadevanja banskega sveta Dravske banovine za omilitev posledic gospodarske krize z banovinskim proračunom za leto 1933/34

Author(s): Miroslav Stiplovšek / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2006

The Third Session of the Dravska Banovina Council, in February 1933, was held at a time of sharpened political tension in the wake of the publication of the federalist declaration by the former Slovene Peoples Party, as well as the intensification of the Great Depression. Having resolutely rejected a federal state system, the councillors from the governing Yugoslav Radical Peasant Democracy opted for the implementation of provincial self-government, as constitutionally prescribed. In discussing the provincial budget for 1933/34, they sought to alleviate, as much as possible, the consequences of the Great Depression. They succeeded in raising their profile in the budget discussion, where they highlighted the intensification of the Depression in agriculture, industry, handicraft, trade and financial institutions. A significant achievement was the creation of a new poor fund, intended to reduce unemployment. Through this and numerous other budgetary items, the councillors sought to address the serious social consequences of the Great Depression. However, their efforts to secure resources for a successful implementation of economic, social, educational and cultural activities were effectively nullified by the Minister of Finance who only approved financial resources for 1933/34 to the amount of 129 million dinars, i.e. almost one fifth less than proposed.

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Slovenski liberalci in narodno vprašanje v letih 1931-1933

Author(s): Jurij Perovšek / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2006

The prevailing political orientation among the Liberals between 1931 and 1933 was that of Yugoslav unitarism. This orientation was supported by the Yugoslav Radical Peasant Democracy (YRPD), in which the Slovene Liberals had been politically organised since 1932. The YRPD was the only political party tolerated by the royal dictatorship introduced on 6 January 1929. In mid 1932, the party sharply reacted to the book Kulturni problem slovenstva (The Cultural Problem of Slovene Identity) by Josip Vidmar, a literary critic of liberal orientation. In his book, Vidmar had attacked the Liberals for their political view that Slovene national awareness was overstrained, forced and anti-state. Vidmar was supported by a group of prominent cultural figures who, in 1933, had founded their own journal Sodobnost (Modernity) and established the view among the majority of the Slovene Liberal intelligentsia that the loss of Slovene identity was detrimental and suicidal. Meanwhile, the Slovene faction of the YRPD strengthened its unitarist principles. In early 1933, Vidmar took a tough stand against the so-called Ljubljana Punctuations, a federalist constitutional programme shaped by the leadership of the abolished, Catholic-orientated, Slovene People's Party (SPP); the most prominent leaders of the former SPP were confined in different parts of the country because of the Punctuations. Unhesitatingly, the Liberals supported the unitarist national programme of the new Yugoslav National Party (YNP), into which the YRPD transformed on 20 July 1933. In the YNP, they occupied several leading positions. The political situation in the country at the time indicated that the future only favoured Yugoslav unitarism. It was with this conviction that Slovene Liberals entered in the period that followed the foundation of the YNP.

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Nekaj utrinkov iz delovanja veteranske organizacije Zveza bojevnikov "Organizacija Bojevnikov je trdna in močna, je zveza src in duš. Je temelj prijateljstva in ljubezni med narodi"

Author(s): Petra Svoljšak / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2006

The paper examines the activity of the League of Combatants of War (1931-1941), which was composed of First World War veterans, most of whom were former soldiers of the Austro-Hungarian army. The League was a non-political and non-partisan organisation focused on preserving the memory of the Great War. Whilst its main activity was campaigning for the erection of monuments to the fallen First World War soldiers, it was also active in the social field through so-called self-help and the concern to secure social assistance for the war-disabled. It can be concluded, from the states indifference and its shaping of the collective memory of the First World War period, that former soldiers of the Austro-Hungarian army were considered second class veterans whose remembrance, for historic reasons, was not included in the official commemoration of the Great War in Yugoslavia.

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Slovensko-bolgarski odnosi od samostojnosti Slovenije do leta 2001

Author(s): Franc Rozman / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2006

In the paper, the author examines political, economic and cultural relations between Slovenia and Bulgaria from 1991 to 2001. The introduction also outlines the relations in the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth.

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Slovenska narodna sprava v ogledalu časopisja (1984-1997)

Author(s): Janja Slabe / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2006

The paper deals with characteristics of the articles written on the issue of national reconciliation which were published in Slovenian newspapers in the period 1984-1997. The analysis of the number of articles published each year shows in which times the discussion in newspapers was more intense than in others, the analysis of the content on the other side helps us to understand, what the opinion climate was like in different periods and how it was changing in time. Besides that the paper also defines the term of national reconciliation (according to Spomenka Hribar) and answers the questions of who the most common authors of the articles were, in which newspapers were the articles published and how many of them were readers' letters.

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Zgodovinarji o meji med Kranjsko in Hrvaško 1881-1916

Author(s): Marko Zajc / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2006

In the Habsburg Empire, historical law was held in high esteem. This should be borne in mind when considering the greatest dispute on the then southern Carniolan border - the socalled Žumberak issue. In the 1869-1881 period, during which the Vojna krajina organisation was abolished, isolated enclaves of Žumberak and Marindol, that had been founded on Carniolan soil and populated with the Uskok families, became the subject of an acute border dispute between Corniola and Croatia. Because of the particular nature of the dispute, historians also played an important role in it. In 1881, two were commissioned for this task by their governments, namely August Fournier by Austria and Radoslav Lopašić by Croatia. Nikola Badovinac, an amateur historian and a member of the Hungarian commission for Žumberak and Marindol, who had developed a unique theory about two Zumberaks, strove for the annexation of Žumberak to Croatia in the Croat Parliament, as did Tadija Smičklas. Anton Koblar, commissioned by the Carniolan provincial government in the 1890's, searched for arguments in support of the Carniolan claims. The last of those advocating the annexation of Žumberak to Corniola before and during the First World War was Josip Mal.

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Sto in en dan konvertibilnega dinarja med svetovnima vojnama

Author(s): Dragana Gnjatović / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2006

In June 1931, during the Great Depression and at the most unfavourable time for monetary reforms, the Yugoslav government declared the convertibility of the Dinar. In the paper, the author analyses political and economic reasons for this decision, especially from the viewpoint of Yugoslavias specific international financial situation. In the period between the two world wars, the payment of Allied war debts was bound with German reparations. For the purpose of processing such payments, the Bank of international Settlement (BIS) was founded in Basel in 1930. A basic requirement for a country, entitled to the reparations, to become a shareholder by paying the share capital, was the stabilisation of its national currency. This BIS requirement was entirely compliant with the recommendation of the International Monetary and Financial Conference of Genoa in 1922, that countries should return to the gold exchange standard, using as a cover gold ingot reserves or a combination of gold and currency, instead of gold alone. With the declaration of the Dinar convertibility on 28 June 1931, Yugoslavia became entitled to the subscription of 4,000 shares of an initial bank fund in a total value of 10 million golden Swiss Francs.

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38. konferenca: Ameriškega združenja za pospeševanje slovanskih študij

Author(s): Nina Vodopivec / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2006

38. konferenca: American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies - (Ameriškega združenja za pospeševanje slovanskih študij), Washington, 16. do 19. november 2006.

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Recenzija: Od Pohlinove slovnice so samostojne države: slovenska zgodovina od konca 18. stoletja do konca 20. stoletja

Author(s): Branko Marušič / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2006

The review of: Peter Vodopivec, Od Pohlinove slovnice so samostojne države: slovenska zgodovina od konca 18. stoletja do konca 20. stoletja. Modrijan, Ljubljana 2006, 630 strani.

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Recenzija: Raub und Rückgabe - Österreich von 1938 bis heute

Author(s): Avguštin Malle / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2006

The review of: Raub und Rückgabe - Österreich von 1938 bis heute. Bd. 1-4, Verena Pawlowsky, Harald Wendelin (ur.), Mandelbaum Verlag Wien, Wien 2005-2006.

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Recenzija: Dokumenti organov in organizacij narodnoosvobodilnega gibanja v Sloveniji, knjiga 10, dodatek januar 1942 - september 1943

Author(s): Vida Deželak Barič / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2006

The review of: Dokumenti organov in organizacij narodnoosvobodilnega gibanja v Sloveniji, knjiga 10, dodatek januar 1942 - september 1943. Arhiv Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana 2005, 631 strani.

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Recenzija: Ein korrekter Nazi: Oskar Kraus : NS-Oberbürgermeister von Villach: Kärntner Erinnerungsk(r)ämpfe

Author(s): Brigitte Entner / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2006

The review of: Lisa Retti, Werner Koroschitz, Ein korrekter Nazi: Oskar Kraus : NS-Oberbürgermeister von Villach: Kärntner Erinnerungsk(r)ämpfe. Villach/Beljak: Edition Kärnöl - Klagenfurt/Celovec: Drava 2006, 229 strani, ilustrirano.

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Recenzija: Med resničnostjo in iluzijo: slovenska in jugoslovanska politika v desetletju po sporu z Informbirojem: (1948-1958)

Author(s): Zdenko Čepič / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2006

The review of: Mateja Rezek, Med resničnostjo in iluzijo: slovenska in jugoslovanska politika v desetletju po sporu z Informbirojem: (1948-1958). Modrijan, Ljubljana 2005, 224 strani, ilustrirano.

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Oblike kolaboracije med drugo svetovno vojno s posebnim pogledom na dogajanje v večnacionalni Jugoslaviji

Author(s): Boris Mlakar / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2005

The multiethnic structure of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia significantly contributed to the emergence and extent of collaboration with the occupying forces after the collapse and the parcelling out of the Yugoslav stale in April 1941. Neighbouring countries with ancient aspirations or claims regarding specific parts of Yugoslavia participated in its attack and occupation, believing that this was a matter of liberating their suppressed minorities, reunification of their national territory or other historical and pseudo historical arguments. This collaboration ivas, therefore, ethnically based, at least in some geographical areas and sectors of the population. The subsequent dynamic relations between the occupiers and domestic subjects during the war resulted in other sources of collaboration. In this, an important role was also played by the resistance movement, in that its communist leadership and the ¡ear of a possible future triumph of communism was a new incentive for the emergence of collaboration. In the paper, the author systematically presents the course of events in individual Yugoslav territories, with the exception of Serbia.

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Slovenski komunisti in umestitev Trsta v program Zedinjene Slovenije med drugo svetovno vojno

Author(s): Bojan Godeša / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2005

United Slovenia was, apart from an immediate armed resistance against the occupiers, one of the central goals of the programme of the communist led Liberation Front and was also written in the so-called Basic Articles. The paper deals with the process of the shaping of the fundamental principles of the Slovene liberation movement, the size of United Slovenia and a further definition of its territory through to the shaping of specific territorial demands. Trieste played an important role in the complex of a gradual solution of the question of United Slovenia, and was treated as a separate problem. The paper also presents the genesis of the placement of Trieste in the programme of United Slovenia.

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"Jugoslovanstvo" in mednacionalni odnosi v Jugoslaviji v petdesetih letih 20. stoletja

Author(s): Mateja Režek / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2005

In her paper, the author deals with the interethnic relations in Yugoslavia and the phenomenon of Yugoslav integralism in the 1950's. This decade saw the resurfacing of the national question, essential for the preservation of Yugoslavia, which had been underestimated and ignored by the communists for over a decade. This attitude was partly rooted in their conviction that the question bad been definitely resolved with the revolution and the formation of a federal slate, and partly in the fear that a reopening of I be national question might provoke internal conflicts and a disintegration of Yugoslavia. Infatuation with workers' internationalism also played its part. In order to smooth over the interethnic differences they recoursed to the magic formula of "brotherhood and unity" to which was added, in the mid 1950's, the promotion of "Yugoslavism" i.e. an attempt to fashion a (super)ethnic, Yugoslav conscience.

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Recenzija: Iz nevidnega na plan: slovenski primorski liberalni narodnjaki v emigraciji med drugo svetovno vojno in ozadje britanskih misij v Sloveniji

Author(s): Klemen Pust / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2005

The review of: Corazd Baje, Iz nevidnega na plan: slovenski primorski liberalni narodnjaki v emigraciji med drugo svetovno vojno in ozadje britanskih misij v Sloveniji. Univerza na Primorskem, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče Koper, Zgodovinsko društvo za južno Primorsko, Koper 2002, 375 strani. (Knjižnica Annales 30).

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