„Zeigen der Flagge.” II. Vilmos három hadihajója és Heinrich von Hohenzollern főherceg missziója 1914 tavaszán és nyarán Brazíliában, Uruguayban, Argentínában és Chilében

Author(s): Ferenc Fischer / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

On the 15th of November 1913, Wilhelm II gave order to the two brand new and strongest dreadnought type warships of the German Navy, the SMS Kaiser, the flagship of the emperor, the SMS König Albert and the SMS Strassburg cruisers to navigate from the North Sea to visit the West-African German colonies, and to demonstrate the strength of the German Navy on South-American waters, visiting Brazilian, Argentinian, Uruguayan, and Chilean harbours. In the meantime, the same South-American countries were visited by Heinrich von Hohenzollern and his wife. Against the background of a very tense international atmosphere, the so-called „Detaschierte Division” was placed, during its special mission of 25.000 nautical miles and 6 months, under the command of the emperor himself. The most important aims set by the twofold special mission were to test the warship’s maximal war capacities and abilities with a view to preparing for war („Kriegsfall”); „war advertisment” to make the South-American Navies purchase German warships; to strengthen the German orientation of Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay while reducing the influence of the USA, Great-Britain and France in these countries; to strengthen the loyalty of German colonies towards the fatherland in remote countries. The German warships returned to Kiel on the 17th of June 1914. The paper is based on primary sources explored in German archives and marked as „secret” („Geheim”).

Egy tábornagy bukása – Gondolatok Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf vezérkari főnök 1917. évi leváltásáról

Author(s): Dávid Ádám Ligeti / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

In this lecture, I would like to summarize the circumstances of the fall of the Austro-Hungarian chief of staff, Field-Marshal Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf in 1917. Conrad (1852–1925) was chief of staff from 1906 to 1911, and then again from 1912 to 1917. He was the longest serving chief of staff on either side during the war. His memoirs and records are an obvious, if poorly known source of the Great War. Although he managed to stay in the army, and remained a remarkable commander until the summer of 1918, Conrad’s career was doomed to failure from the point he was removed from his position as chief of staff. His successor, Arthur Arz, could not replace Conrad, but Arz’s personality was more suitable for Emperor Charles I, who wanted to make peace as soon as possible. I am looking for the answers to the following questions: Which events caused the end of his carrier? Why did Emperor Charles choose to remove Conrad?

A navalizmus és az osztrák-magyar haditengerészet felkészülése a Nagy Háborúra

Author(s): Mihály Krámli / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

The Anglo-German naval arms race of early 20th century was one of the causes of First World War. There were also naval buildups in many other counties, so this period was described as the age of navalism. The intense naval buildup begun in 1904 in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, which culminated in the dreadnought-programme of 1911-1914. The budget of the Austro-Hungarian Navy was quadrupled in this period. The Triple Alliance Naval Convention of 1913 calculated with joint Austro-Hungarian-Italian operations against the French fleet, but after the outbreak of the war the declaration of neutrality of Italy rendered the Convention a piece of paper.

Charles de Gaulle és az I. világháború - Hatások és következmények

Author(s): Zoltán Garadnai / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

The Great War changed a whole generation's lives. Due to his intellectual capacities and his moral conviction De Gaulle could solve his trauma of war, and during the two and a half years of his captivity he had enough time to „write out” his psychological wounds by self-training and self-education. At the same time he searched the possibilities for escaping from his military prison. The First World War remained as reference in his studies and determined his political decisions as well. In this study we can get to know a highly sensitive and introverted man.

„Búr és Brit-is(h)”. A Maritz lázadás (1914‒1915). Egy majdnem polgárháború a Nagy Háborúban

Author(s): Gábor Szabó-Zsoldos / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

South Africa ten years after the Boer War was still a divided country. The end of the war and the establishment of the Union in 1910 emerged barriers between the political and military elite of the Afrikaners. Mainly this polarisation (ruling party – Afrikaner nationalists) and the social tension culminated in northern part of the former Orange Free State and west Transvaal led to the Maritz Rebellion. Although the governmental troops led by Prime Minister Louis Botha defeated easily the rebels, the political consequences of the Rebellion meant more difficulties for the ruling party than the fight. Present study deals with different aspects of the Maritz Rebellion as well as the way how the contemporary Hungarian public opinion interpreted that conflict.

A brit közel-keleti politika dilemmái (1914–1915)

Author(s): Péter Ákos Ferwagner / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

During the first phase of the World War I Britain made desperate efforts to defend its own oriental interests. The applied methods moved on a wide scale including the diplomatic and military means. However, it was no clear at all among the British decision makers, what kind of strategy should be followed.

Az első világháború emlékezete a családi hagyományban

Author(s): László Kósa / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

A family may cherish some typical information about a soldier’s life, which otherwise would not have survived. A ticket-inspector, Dániel Zsengellér (1889–1979), a corporal in the 38th Infantry Regiment of the Austro–Hungarian Monarchy was seriously wounded in the war against Serbia on September 8th 1914. First it was presumed that he died but thanks to a series of lucky chance survived. The story of his survival, which he later told his family members several times, became a family legend. Even during the communist era, when the First World War had no official cult, the story was handed down by his descendants to the younger generations as a piece of oral history. The paper presents and analyzes the humble objects related to the story, which have also been kept – a battlefield diary, photographs, medals, rings, shells, military records.

Képeslapok a frontról

Author(s): István Majoros / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

The study presents in brief the history of the postcards in Europe. Then the author examines and analyzes the pictures, the official and private texts of the French postcards during the First World War. He tries to present the role of the postcards in manipulating of the soldiers and civils.

Az Oroszlán ál(la)ma In memoriam Ariel Saron

Author(s): Győző Lugosi / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

A Krím félsziget kiürítése

Author(s): Attila Kolontári / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

A francia ellenállás és a szövetséges hatalmak (1940-1944)

Author(s): Julien Papp / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

Kelet vagy Nyugat? David Lloyd George haditervei és hadicéljai az I. világháború idején

Author(s): Péter András Tóth / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

History that’s still alive - Propaganda about Soviet air raids in May 1945

Author(s): Michal Plavec / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The bombing of Bohemian and Moravian cities and towns during World War II remains a hot topic. Most often recalled in this regard are US air raids on Prague on 14 February 1945 and on Pilsen on 25 April 1945, which usually spark emotional debates short on knowledge of the historical facts or archival documents. By contrast, Red Army air raids on the first day of peace, 9 May 1945, are neglected or misrepresented. The authors of various pieces have attributed the blame for these raids to the German Air Force. Unfortunately, Czech historiography has also adopted these propaganda-derived clichés.

We fight to rebuild - Airmen’s contribution to recognition of the government in exile

Author(s): Ladislav Kudrna / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the turbulent summer of 1940, the Czechoslovak airmen were among the greatest assets of the foreign resistance movement. A shocking defeat of France and the loneliness of Great Britain affirmed their privileged position. What was highlighted in the difficult negotiations with the British side was the strength of the air force, as well as the success of fighter pilots in the Battle of France. Recognition of the Czechoslovak provisional government could be described as a diplomatic miracle, thanks to a significant contribution by the aviation staff.

The SOE and Preparations for the Assassination of Reinhard Heydrich

Author(s): Eduard Stehlík / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

On Wednesday, 27 May 1942, at 10:35 AM, Warrant Officers Josef Gabčík and Jan Kubiš, sent from the UK, carried out the assassination of the acting Reich Protector, SS-Obergruppenführer and Police General Reinhard Heydrich, who was travelling from his home in Panenské Břežany to Prague. We are at present marking the seven decades that have elapsed since this important historical moment (it really was a moment – about twenty seconds long). What role in the whole operation was played by the Special Operations Executive (SOE)?

We Serve Our Nation...

Author(s): Jaroslav Čvančara / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Many books and studies as well as hundreds of newspaper and magazine articles have been written about the Mašín brothers. With the exception of a few partial references, nothing substantial has been said about their activities in the United States Armed Forces. That is why this mosaic of facts, assembled from private correspondence and personal interviews has been put together. It is accompanied with a collection of unique photographs and documents from the archives of Ctirad and Josef Mašín, for the most part as yet unpublished.

Tudósok a francia forradalomban

Author(s): Valér Illés / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

Bottyán János leveleinek tanulságai

Author(s): Lajos Misóczki / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

A császári-királyi huszárság az 1792-1793. évi hadjáratokban

Author(s): Attila Réfi / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

Az amerikai felkészülési mozgalom vázlatos története (1914–1917)

Author(s): Péter András Tóth / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0