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Die Ausweisung der Juden aus den königlichen Städten Mährens und ihre Folgen (Teil 1)
6.00 €

Die Ausweisung der Juden aus den königlichen Städten Mährens und ihre Folgen (Teil 1)

Author(s): Alfred Engel / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

Das mährische Landesarchiv besitzt eine stattliche Zahl von Gubernialakten, welche jüdische Angelegenheiten behandeln. Oft sind es Einzelschicksale, Ansuchen jüdischer Händler und Handwerker, häufiger flehentliche Bitten ganzer Gemeinden, die der Judensollizitator der höchsten Landesstelle vermittelt, aber auch würdige und mutige Worte von erworbenen Rechten haben sich durch die vergilbten Blätter auf unsere Tage gerettet. Ein umfangreicher Aktenfaszikel (J. 28) erzählt von dem erbitterten wirtschaftlichen Kampfe, welchen die kgl. Städte gegen die mährische Judenschaft führten. „An acht Jahrzehnte dauern diese Zerwürfnisse“, meint der Gubernialrat in seinem wort- und tatsachenreichen Gutachten, aber trotzdem holt er Belege aus 3 Jahrhunderten herbei; denn je weiter er forscht, desto mehr begreift er, dass nicht 80, sondern volle 250 Jahre die Juden gegen das vernichtende Urteil der landesfürstlichen Städte, das sich in der Ausweisung ausdrückte, gekämpft haben. Der ungleiche Kampf war wirklich nicht erst im Jahre 1629 ausgebrochen, als Ferdinand II. den jüdischen Kaufleuten wieder das Recht verlieh, die Märkte in den königlichen Städten zu besuchen, und als Rat und Zünfte verzweifelte Anstrengungen machten, um das neue Privileg zu Falle zu bringen, sondern schon um die Mitte des 15. Jahrhunderts, da die größten Städte Mährens den Juden ihre Tore verschlossen.

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Rabbinische Geschichtsquellen
9.00 €

Rabbinische Geschichtsquellen

Author(s): B. Suler / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

The excerpts from 33 Responses of Rabbi Israel ben R. Chajim Bruna used here are divided into 21 pieces according to the individual events, each piece comprising the entire material, even if it is taken from various responses, which refers to the relevant event. The majority of them are of great and greatest importance for the history or cultural history of the Jews in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia in the 15th century. Here is a brief overview of the content and the value of the more important pieces of interest to us, which should also serve as an explanation of the events and instructions for a deeper understanding of the context.

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Zur Geschichte der Juden in Teltsch
9.00 €

Zur Geschichte der Juden in Teltsch

Author(s): Michael Rachmuth / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

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Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Judensiedlungen in Böhmen in den Jahren 1650 und 1674
9.00 €

Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Judensiedlungen in Böhmen in den Jahren 1650 und 1674

Author(s): Josef Hrásky / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

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Megillath Samuel
9.00 €

Megillath Samuel

Author(s): Salomon Hugo Lieben / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

In the following, the festive days of Purim and Megilloth, as far as they relate to Prague and Bohemia, are listed, and, besides those which have already been published and are mentioned here only very briefly, the others are discussed in some detail. Additionally to the Megillath-Samuel, belonging to the more important ones in content and size, is completely reproduced.

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Zwei Beiträge zur Geschichte des Frankismus in den böhmischen Ländern
9.00 €

Zwei Beiträge zur Geschichte des Frankismus in den böhmischen Ländern

Author(s): Wenzel Žáček / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this work is not to set out in detail the basics and presuppositions of Jewish mysticism; nor is it our intention to detail the curriculum of the leaders of Sabbatianism, Sabbatai Zewi and Jakob Josef Frank and their prominent confessors. In our narrative we only want to limit ourselves to a concise overview of the lives of the two sectarians and their basic doctrines. In more detail, we only want to deal with those times when their heresies began to invade the Bohemian lands, and describe how they were received here and what attacks and struggles they faced here. That's why our study is in two parts. The first part will contain a brief overview of the life and teachings of Jakob Josef Frank with a more detailed account of his stay in Moravia, written on the basis of new and previously unused material. The second part will be dedicated to the end of Frank's life and especially the persecution of his Prague followers by the advocates of the ruling Jewish orthodoxy around 1800; Also for this purpose previously unknown archive sources were used. The dogmatic side of these struggles remains unnoticed, because the ideological and religious content of the teachings of Frank and the religious foundations of Sabbatai Zewi are not connected with the history of Jewry in the Bohemian lands, but are well known from the previous literature. The present work will pay particular attention to essential events and real facts in order to enrich historical knowledge about the spread of Frankism and its propaganda in the Czech lands. The events are to be faithfully described according to the sources, without the intention of favoring any of the hostile parties; sharp failures against one or the other party will always be only the echo of the sources in their wording or in faithful paraphrase.

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За производството на огнестрелно оръжие в Сливен според новопостъпил ръкопис в Регионалния исторически музей

За производството на огнестрелно оръжие в Сливен според новопостъпил ръкопис в Регионалния исторически музей

Author(s): Nikolay Sirakov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

A copy of a stolen manuscript was received in the fund of the Regional History Museum - Sliven. It examines the topic of weapon production in Sliven in the 17th - 19th centuries. According to the newly acquired manuscript of D. Dobrev, rifle workshops were equipped with blowers, anvils, and various tools. Carbines, forged blunderbusses, long and thin “boyliya” rifles, long-barrel pistols, “syungiya” rifles, and the expensive “Dzhuver” rifles are produced. Arms production has a significant role in the economic life of Sliven. The nascent Bulgarian pre-industrial manufacturing industry led to glamorous economic, political and cultural events. The last weapon, a hunting rifle, was made by the old masters of Sliven. It belongs to Georgi Makaschiev and is kept in the Regional Museum.

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SJEĆANJA GOSPOĐE NEDE PRPIĆ
4.90 €

SJEĆANJA GOSPOĐE NEDE PRPIĆ

Author(s): Tomislav Šulj,Neda Prpić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Interview with Neda Pripić. Interview conducted by Tomislav Šulj

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Grad kao solidarna zajednica: što povezuje gradove Lübeck i Dubrovnik?
4.90 €

Grad kao solidarna zajednica: što povezuje gradove Lübeck i Dubrovnik?

Author(s): Ludwig Steindorff / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

In this essay I compare the cities of Lübeck and Dubrovnik on the basis of different criteria: geographical position, age, size of the city and the population, urban topography and ecclesiastical structures. Notwithstanding many clear differences, Lübeck and Dubrovnik show numerous identical structural traits: the forming of the commune and the urban council, the building of representative town halls, and the presence of the mendicant orders. The common characteristics of cities on the Adriatic and the Baltic seas follow from the structural assimilation of the cities in the sphere of the Western Church in the High Middle Ages independently of the age of these cities. The more we learn about these cities, the better we recognize how the character of the cities as solidary communities was already formed in the High Middle Ages. The comparison of cities is one of the contributions to the integration of Europe in the mind of its citizens.

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Crna smrt 1348. godine u Dubrovniku - godina krize i solidarnosti?
4.90 €

Crna smrt 1348. godine u Dubrovniku - godina krize i solidarnosti?

Author(s): Gordan Ravančić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The plague epidemic/pandemic in the mid-fourteenth century – commonly known as the Black Death – consumed almost the entire European continent in just a few years. Although its spread and causes are fairly well elaborated in existing literature, the extent of the epidemic’s reach in the historical Croatian lands and neighboring medieval Hungary has been less investigated. Still, extant sources from the medieval commune of Dubrovnik (later the Republic of Dubrovnik) provide enough material for a partial reconstruction of events regarding the arrival of disease in the city, reaction of the local authorities, and the course of events during the epidemic. Even though the epidemic of 1348 only lasted for several months in Dubrovnik, extant sources reveal that it left some deep marks in the social tissue of the city, and had at least a temporarily harsh effect on the economic well-being of contemporary Dubrovnik. Namely, since contemporary citizens of Dubrovnik could not comprehend the causes of the misfortune that struck the city, nor did they have an “effective” cure, their local authorities reacted quite reasonably and pragmatically. Since mortality caused by the epidemic instigated a significant administrative slowdown, and some of the healthy inhabitants wanted to escape from the infected city, Dubrovnik authorities produced a series of important – mostly palliative – normative measures, aiming to maintain order within the city and to overcome the troubles that burdened its subjects. At the same time, common people, facing a sudden and probable death, tried to ensure safe passage of their souls to the “other world” by writing their last wills, which today provide an excellent source in reconstructing a social change of medieval Dubrovnik. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate to what extent the epidemic of 1348 was an acute disruption or the beginning of a long-term crisis concerning social change and economic development. Moreover, the investigation of the extant sources will try to give answers to the question of whether this calamity provoked and caused any kind of institutional and personal solidarity among citizens of medieval Dubrovnik.

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Prilagodba osječkih gospodarskih krugova na novonastale (ne)prilike (Osvrt na dva desetljeća nakon 1918.)
4.90 €

Prilagodba osječkih gospodarskih krugova na novonastale (ne)prilike (Osvrt na dva desetljeća nakon 1918.)

Author(s): Zlata Živaković-Kerže / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

As the years after 1918 passed under the clouds of economic instability, shortages, social and political upheaval Osijek’s economic spheres following the unification of the State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs with the Kingdoms of Serbia and Montenegro (1918) had to adjust their activities to new circumstances. Namely, the previous centres of Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (Vienna, Graz, Budapest, Pecs, Villany, Barcs, Trieste, etc.) to which they were linked by internal commercial, financial, and other ties were all of a sudden on the other side of the state’s boundaries, that is abroad, while the foreign territories of Serbia and Montenegro became domestic land. At the same time the establishment of the new state upon the demise of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy required the resolution of problems tied to the transit of goods and the completion of commercial contracts with neighbouring countries, as well as the arrangement of taxation, transportation, customs, financial and other matters. All of this directly affected the interests of Osijek’s economic spheres which, despite a developed industrial base, trades, commercial sector and banking system, did not come to full fruition in the new state. The previous conditions of life changed because Osijek began to be left behind Zagreb. Nevertheless, even in the new conditions, due to Osijek’s favourable position along the Drava in terms of transport, a rather quick economic revival was guaranteed.

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Public and Private Space in Early Medieval Towns: Istrian Cases
8.00 €

Public and Private Space in Early Medieval Towns: Istrian Cases

Author(s): Maurizio Levak / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

At the turn from Late Antiquity to the early Middle Ages, profound changes took place in the organization of urban life. Towns could no longer function on the same social and economic foundations as they did in the classical period, as it was precisely these foundations that underwent major structural change. A different way of living and earning one’s livelihood implied adjustment to the new circumstances, which was also reflected in the reorganization of space within the city walls.

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The Relationship between Public and Private on the Island of Rab during the Second Half of the 14th Century
8.00 €

The Relationship between Public and Private on the Island of Rab during the Second Half of the 14th Century

Author(s): Dušan Mlacović / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The second half of the 14th century was the only prolonged period after the year 1000 in which the island of Rab was not under the Venetian rule, but subjected to the Hungarian kings together with the rest of Dalmatia. The new political constellation entailed a significant restructuring of power within the commune. It was only to be expected that the noble kindreds who had linked their position in the commune to the presence of powerful Venetian kindreds, who had their own vested interests in Quarner, would gradually decline. This happened to the Hermolais, who were related to Rab’s noble Venetian kindred of Badoer and who had been used to their members holding the office of Rab’s bishops for so long. It was also easily predictable that those kindreds who were inclined to Hungary even during the Venetian rule would now have their chance of surpassing all their local rivals. There was, however, something that came as a novelty with the ascension of the Angevin kings, and the inhabitants of Rab still had to learn to deal with it, each in their own way: the absence of a powerful authority of a count, which increased the significance of the titles of the vice-count and the communal chancellor. The increased importance of these two functions, as well as the greater role of judges in the public life of the local commune, also led to the restructuring of the attitude of Rab’s elites towards the relationship between public and private in their own setting.

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The Beginnings of Medieval Towns in the Slovenian Lands and Their “Founders”: Controversies and New Interpretations
8.00 €

The Beginnings of Medieval Towns in the Slovenian Lands and Their “Founders”: Controversies and New Interpretations

Author(s): Miha Kosi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the territory of present-day Slovenia, there are 78 urban settlements which were created or existed as early as the Middle Ages. Among these, there are 23 towns and around 55 boroughs or market-towns. Three towns – Koper/Capodistria, Izola/Isola, and Piran/Pirano – are situated at the Adriatic coast of Istria and belong to the Mediterranean cultural circle, with a continuity of habitation since the Antiquity. In their evolution and features, they crucially differ from inland towns. Three urban settlements evolved in Prekmurje during the 14th century, and their development was rather specific, typical of the Hungarian Kingdom. All the rest (72) emerged within the Holy Roman Empire – in the lands of Carniola, Styria, Carinthia, and Gorizia. In this study, I will refer to the inland urban settlements that emerged in the framework of the medieval Empire.

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Dubrovnik’s Burgus of St Blasius in the 13th Century
8.00 €

Dubrovnik’s Burgus of St Blasius in the 13th Century

Author(s): Irena Benyovsky Latin / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

There are a number of studies on the urban development of medieval Dubrovnik, which analyze the basic way of its expansion beyond the old city walls and its spatial formation to the north, which resulted in the final articulation of its urban area and the construction of the new city walls by the end of the 13th century. But regardless of these research results, the level of urbanization in 13th-century Dubrovnik is still a matter of debate among the historians, archaeologists, and art historians. An especially under-researched area is the situation of urban space regarding property or possessions, as well as the location and residential mobility of specific social subjects and their real estate, which are all crucial elements in understanding the city’s urban evolution. This article aims at analyzing the development of Dubrovnik’s burgus of St Blasius as it was transformed from an extra-urban territory into a suburb and then, at the turn of the 14th century, into a central area of the medieval city.

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Real Property of Wealthy Commoners: The Formation and Rise of Commoner Lineages in Trogir after 1420
8.00 €

Real Property of Wealthy Commoners: The Formation and Rise of Commoner Lineages in Trogir after 1420

Author(s): Ana Plosnić Škarić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Among the changes occurring in the communal societies of Dalmatia during the 15th century, the emergence of a wealthy commoner class was an important process, and it has been described in some detail by Tomislav Raukar. Even though he has set its beginnings as early as the 14th century, he claims that it particularly flourished with the establishment of the Venetian rule. He has also emphasized, however, that this process has hitherto been investigated in detail only for Zadar and Split.

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O okolnostima osnutka i djelovanju Kluba Starčevićeve hrvatske čiste stranke prava u Sarajevu
6.00 €

O okolnostima osnutka i djelovanju Kluba Starčevićeve hrvatske čiste stranke prava u Sarajevu

Author(s): Zoran Grijak / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

On the basis of archival sources this article analyzes the circumstances surrounding the formation of the Club of Starčević’s Croatian Party of Pure Right in Sarajevo (1909), and especially the activity of its prominent members and adherents during the First World War. On the basis of memoranda directed to Emperor and King Charles I (IV) the activities of the members and supporters of the Club are analyzed. During the war the ‘Rightists’ of Bosnia-Hercegovina were in favour of a reconstitution of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy on a Trialist, or Sub-Dualist, basis in order to create a whole Croatian state within its framework to which Bosnia and Hercegovina would be joined. In the twilight of the Monarchy this initiative was reconfigured toward a federalist model of the Monarchy’s reorganization in the belief that the victorious Entente, should it choose to preserve the Monarchy, would insist on its reorganization as a federal state based on the self-determination of nations. Likewise the ideas of the Bosnian and Hercegovinian Serbs and Muslims concerning the constitutional reorganization of the Monarchy are analyzed, wherein the Serbian notions for the most part were in line with the program of the so-called May Declaration of the Yugoslavian Club of the Imperial Council (1917), while the majority of the Muslims called for an autonomous Bosnia and Hercegovina within the framework of the Monarchy. At the same time the author points out that most of the Croatian politicians in Bosnia and Hercegovina supported the May Declaration and worked toward the restoration of the Bosnian and Hercegovinian Sabor (Parliament). On the basis of an analysis of the attitude of the leading political representatives of the two ruling nations of the Dualist Monarchy, the Austrian Germans and the Hungarians, toward the above mentioned attempts, it is clear that they were not considering a revision of the Dualist system, rather, they were hoping to strengthen it on the basis of a kind of sub-Dualism with the inclusion of Serbia and Montenegro within the Monarchy. At the same time the Hungarians continued to try to attach Bosnia and Hercegovina to the Hungarian part of the Monarchy as a corpus separatum. The author directs attention to the resistance of Croatian political leaders in Bosnia and Hercegovina to the efforts to bring Serbia and Montenegro within the framework of the Monarchy, because they felt that any increase in the number of Serbs within the framework of Croatia and Monarchy was in the long-term perspective a threat to their survival.

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Codex Corbaviensis
5.00 €

Codex Corbaviensis

Author(s): Tomislav Galović,Ivan Botica / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The goal of the paper Codex Corbaviensis is to prompt reflections and eventually the creation of a regional (so-called thematical) register of diplomatic and related records on the medieval Krbava County. Why exactly this historical period? The answer is quite simple - in the Middle Ages Krbava formed a separate county in Croatia that had a considerably wider geographical and cultural reach than the present one. For three centuries it was the seat of the Bishopric of Krbava and the largest ecclesiastical center in the areas beyond the mountain of Velebit. It was also the seat of the Counts of Krbava from the house of the Kurjakovići which ranked as one of the most powerful as well as the most important magnates in Croatia during the Middle Ages. The Diocese of Krbava and the Counts of Krbava constitute, therefore, a valid reason to consider the composition of a register of diplomatic and related materials that may be given the name Codex Corbaviensis.

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Pasuria e Patrikanës së Pejës në kohën e psuhtimit otoman
5.00 €

Pasuria e Patrikanës së Pejës në kohën e psuhtimit otoman

Author(s): Olga Zirojević / Language(s): Albanian Publication Year: 0

Kompleks mesjetar i objekteve kishtare afër Pejës. Në vendin ku e përshkruara gryka e Rugovës lidhët me rafshin e butë të metohisë. Seli e argjipeshkvinjëve dhe patrikëve serb nga shek., XIII gjegjësisht shekulli XIV. Kisha kryesore e manastirit është e kushtuar Apostujve të shenjtë. E ndërtuar mbi objektin e vjetër kishtar për të cilën supozohet se ka qenë i Shën Pjetri nën Zhdrellë (e njohur nga burimet historike). Në pjesët anësore të Shën Apostujve në shekullin e XIV, janë ndërtuar dy kisha në vend të kapelave të vjetra: kisha e Shën Dimitrit, në anën veriore, dhe ajo e Shën Hyjlindëses në anën jugore. Në të njejtën kohë me kishën kushtuar Hyjlindëses është ndërtuar veranda apo parahyrja, e përbashkët për të gjitha kishat, si dhe kapela e Shën Nikollës.

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Histori e krishterimit protestant në Shqipëri dhe Kosovë Kisha protestante tek shqiptarët
5.00 €

Histori e krishterimit protestant në Shqipëri dhe Kosovë Kisha protestante tek shqiptarët

Author(s): Femi Cakolli / Language(s): Albanian Publication Year: 0

Krishterimi tre shekujt e parё ishte mё tepёr njё lёvizje biblike sesa njё religjion strukturalisht i organizuar sipas standardeve antike apo moderne, andaj dhe nga historianёt njihet mё shumё si krishterimi i hershёm. Deri kёtё kohё kishte këto qendra tё mёdha krishterimi: Jerusalemi, Antiokia, Aleksandria, Efesi, Roma, Korinti, Selaniku etj. Nё Kuvendin e Nices mё 324 nёn kryesimin e perandorit romak me prejardhje ilire Konstantini i Madh, krishterimi mori njё rrjedhё tё re zhvillimi.

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