Мултимедийни уроци по история и цивилизация – идеи и практики

Author(s): Krassimir Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

There is an immense opportunity for a teacher to use multimedia technologies in History classes. Nowadays it is a must to teach lessons in a more digital way, using audio-visual and multimedia aids. This makes lessons more attractive and facilitates students` learning. This article deals with sharing some author`s personal experience, ideas and impressions on the most innovative teaching methods in History classes.

Нова книга, представяща документалното наследство на Светата Търновска митрополия

Author(s): Ivan Roussev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

Свети Домниус – спорни моменти за живота и мощите

Author(s): Stefan Kolev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

Saint Domnius is one of the saints most venerated in Dalmatia. He was patron of the city of Split. His life is surrounded by a number of controversial moments. There are two main thesis. He was born in Antioch but when he was born. According to the first thesis he lived during the time of Saint Peter and was appointed bishop of Dalmatia by him. The second version claims that he lived in the time of Emperor Diocletian (284 – 305) and was martyred at his order. Saint Domnius was buried in Salona. His relics are moved to Split in the beginning of VII c. and placed in the mausoleum of Diocletian which was transformed into cathedral. The text focuses on translation of relics to Rome which took place in the middle of VII c. Last part of the text is about the Festivity of Saint Domnius in Split and the important consecration of the new baroque altar in 1770 when the relics were moved for the last time.

ЗАСЕЛВАНЕТО НА БЪЛГАРИ В СОЛУН ПРЕЗ ХІХ И НАЧАЛОТО НА ХХ век

Author(s): Yura Konstantinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The text analyses the settlement of Bulgarians in Thessaloniki and raises the question about their number. It compares data from different surveys, in order to emphasize the problems with the census. The study aims to explain why the Bulgarians remained an “invisible” community for a long time. The reason for the contradictory information from different surveys is the difference in the criterions of the officials. Nevertheless, it is certain that the Bulgarian presence in Thessaloniki in the first half of the 19th century was significant. It continued to strengthen during the period before the Balkan Wars, because of the constant flow of Bulgarian population from the small and medium-sized towns towards Thessaloniki.

ИЗСЕЛНИЧЕСКАТА ВЪЛНА ОТ ЛЯТОТО НА 1989 Г. – ОПИТИ ЗА РАЗРЕШАВАНЕ НА КРИЗАТА В БЪЛГАРО-ТУРСКИТЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ

Author(s): Evgenia Kalinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

In the summer of 1989 a mass emigration of Bulgarian Turks began. It was caused by the so-called “revival process” that started in the end of 1984 and was directed towards the assimilation of this ethnic minority. Another reason for the emigration were the important changes that took place during the first half of 1989 in Bulgaria, but also in the sphere of international relations. Within three months more than 300 000 people left the country. This caused a sharp aggravation of the relations between Bulgaria and Turkey, already seriously damaged since the beginning of 1985. Bulgarian historiography still lacks depth study of the international aspects of the crisis in the Bulgarian-Turkish relations. This paper aims at tracing the attempts undertaken by the USSR to overcome the crisis through bilateral dialogue between Ankara and Sofia. Using unpublished archival documents, it analyses the activities of the Soviet diplomats and of Bulgarian and Turkish authorities and the results of the Soviet mediation.

МИГРАЦИИ НА НАСЕЛЕНИЕ В РАЙОНА НА САКАР ПЛАНИНА (XV–XVI В.)

Author(s): Stefan Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

Throughout the 15th and 16th centuries, the Ottoman Empire has expanded its territory on the Balkan Peninsula, by permanent military crusades. As a result of the continuous military operations, to the territory of the empire have been included new lands and peoples, leading to the emergence of new military-administrative divisions. Some of them have inherited those from the Second Bulgarian Kingdom era, and some of them have arose out in the course of the Ottoman conquest.The population migration is a different result of the Ottoman territorial expansion. As a result of the process, on the territory of the Medieval Bulgarian State and Byzantium have voluntarily or forcibly settled Muslim and non-Muslim population, leading to the changes in the ethno-religious, social and professional structure of the villages and towns on the Balkans. Among the urban and rural population of the Sakar Mountain region have settled representatives of various military formations, the Muslim cult, craftsmen, traders and persons engaged in agriculture and cattle breeding, who have migrated from different parts of the Balkans and Asia Minor and have settled in the specified area of the Bulgarian and Balkan territory.The present report shall follow the migration of the Muslim and non-Muslim population in the town of Edirne and the villages, part of the Edirne kaza during the period 15th – 16th century, on the basis of unpublished Ottoman tax registers from the tapu tahrir defterleri group, stored in the funds of the National Library "St. St. Cyril and Methodius" in Sofia and the Ottoman Archive in Istanbul.

ТРУДОВИТЕ МИГРАЦИИ НА БЪЛГАРИТЕ ОТ ЮГОЗАПАДНА МАКЕДОНИЯ В НАЧАЛОТО НА ХХ В.

Author(s): Naoum Kaychev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

The article, based on documents from Bulgarian Exarchate’s archive and other sources, analyses the trends of temporary labour migration of Bulgarians from the region of Kastoria and the adjacent areas of Florina, Bitola, Prespa and Ohrid. While the traditional patterns involved destinations within the Ottoman empire or newly established states Romania, Bulgaria or Greece, at the turn of the century the flow was gradually directed also towards North America. For example, in 1911 38% of migration from Kastoria area was to the New World, 34% – to other regions of the Ottoman empire, including its capital Constantinople, and 22% – to the Kingdom of Bulgaria. The local village or micro-regional factors greatly influenced the migrants’ choice. However, the labour migration to both traditional and new destinations until the Balkan wars of 1912–1913 was temporary (up to several years), and involved only working-age men, between 50% and 80% of them in most of South West Macedonia.

Маскарадът в Драмско

Author(s): Iglika Mishkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

Basing herself on field studies in the villages of Kali Vrissi, Volak and Petrusa in Drama Region in Northern Greece, the author reviews the current state of the masquerade, which now takes place regularly between 6 and 8 of January. Banned after World War II and restored in the 1960s, the masquerade is today a part of the cultural heritage but also a living cultural practice whose elements (rituals, masks and verbal communication) have undergone remarkable changes through the years. Being a cultural construction that points to the past and unifies the heterogeneous population in this border region, every year the masquerade recreates the present and addresses day-to-day issues. Although different in each of the three settlements, the masquerade is a social phenomenon everywhere: from a traditional holiday it grew into an act of diachronic community presentation. At the same time the roles of those taking part in the masquerade are perceived by the local people not as a brief change of identity but as a special status.

Medzi radnicou a kostolom: mestská škola v Bardejove v stredoveku

Author(s): Mária Fedorčáková / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2017

This article describes the city school and education in Bardejov in the Middle Ages. The development of school and education in Bardejov was strongly connected to the local church. Despite the city’s governance under the school, the education remained religious and teachers associated with ecclesiastical authorities. As the author points out, relation between schoolmaster and parish priest was not always respectable. The article explores educational level, social background and geographical origin of the individual lectors. It focuses on the duties of students, especially within the liturgical life of the parish church. The role of the city and its contribution to the school is described on payments from the town account books.

Czechoslovakism in Mentalities of Košice’s Inhabitants and Its Implementation in the Public Space of the City in the Interwar Era

Author(s): Ondrej Ficeri / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

The establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1918 was refused by a large proportion of its inhabitants, mainly from the part of Czechoslovak Germans and Hungarians. Beside them, a certain number of Slovaks rebelled against the state project of Czech and Slovak political elites as well. Some of them preferred to remain in the frame of the historical Hungary because they shared with Hungarians for centuries transmitted cultural patterns and cultural repertoire, the use of which came by implementing the idea of Czechoslovakism to the threat. Rebelling attitudes against Czechoslovak statehood were registered especially in the ethnically heterogeneous regions and cities which were located in the contact zone between the territories with the majority Slovak population on the one side and the minority Hungarian one on the other. Analysing the archival documents, the author of the paper focuses firstly on reactions of indigenous inhabitants of Slovak origin of the city of Košice to the establishment of Czechoslovakia, secondly, on pursuits of the political elites to implement the Czechoslovak state idea in the public space of the city, its successes, failures and tensions between the Czechoslovak and Slovak (autonomous) camps of nationalists. Thirdly, the analysis of the electoral behaviour stands in the spotlight, according to which the majority of local indigenous Slovaks voted the oppositionist parties what indicates that, in the long term, the idea of the Czechoslovak state was refused by these inhabitants. The purpose of the study lies in recognizing differentiated attitudes of the Slovak interwar (mainly urban) society to the Czechoslovak statehood and, hence, in outlining an alternative story to the traditional, in the cultural memory reproduced narrative about the establishment of Czechoslovakia as a “national liberation”.

Založenie Východoslovenskej galérie v Košiciach

Author(s): Ján Kovačič / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2017

The East Slovak Gallery in Košice was founded in 1951 as the first regional gallery in Slovakia. The rich artistic past of Kosice and its cultural potential predetermined this town as the seat of the first regional gallery in Slovakia. Its genesis dates back to the second half of the 19th century, when the foundations of today's East Slovak Museum, a key partner in the building of the East Slovak Gallery, were laid. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive image about the foundation of the East Slovak Gallery using acquired knowledge, archival sources and period contemporary press.

Kronika

Author(s): Ondřej Jirásek,Adam Górka,Mikuláš Jančura,Martin Počátko,Lucia Tokárová / Language(s): Slovak,English Issue: 2/2017

NEPLÁNOVANÉ PLÁNOVANÉ MESTÁ [UNPLANNED PLANNED CITIES] BRATISLAVA 8. NOVEMBER 2017; VÝSKUM KULTÚRNYCH DEJÍN V STREDNEJ EURÓPE [CULTURAL HISTORY IN CENTRAL EUROPE : PRESENT STATE AND PERSPECTIVES] RUŽOMBEROK 7. – 8. SEPTEMBER 2017; VOLNÝ ČAS V DĚJINÁCH [FREE TIME IN THE PAST] OPAVA 26. SEPTEMBER 2017; JUHOSLAVIZMUS VERZUS ČECHOSLOVAKIZMUS: KONFLIKTNÉ DEJINY IDEOLÓGIÍ V STREDNEJ A JUHOVÝCHODNEJ EURÓPE [YUGOSLAVISM VERSUS CZECHOSLOVAKISM: THE HISTORY OF CONFLICTING IDEOLOGIES IN CENTRAL AND SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPE] KOŠICE 4. OKTÓBER 2017; MEMORY IN URBAN SPACE: POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITS OF COMPARATIVE RESEARCH, KOŠICE 24. OKTÓBER 2017; WORKSHOP HISTORICAL TOWN ATLAS OF SLOVAKIA, BRATISLAVA 30. NOVEMBER – 1. DECEMBER 2017;

Лекционният курс по „потестарно-политическа етнология“ – перспективи и предизвикателства

Author(s): Petya Vasileva-Grueva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The article presents to the audience the structure and thematic scope of the lecture course “Potestas-Political Ethnology”. The course aims to acquaint the students of Ethnology with the emergence, development and the subject of “Political anthropology” subfield discipline. There are distinct three thematic panels, presenting not only the historical and theoretical development of the science, but also attention is paid to the perspectives and the challenges facing both the lecture and the scientific field itself.

Новооткрити документи за историята на една 200-годишна църква

Author(s): Svetlana Muhova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The year 2017 marks the 200th anniversary of the building of the “Dormition of the Mother of God” church in Koprivshtitsa. This important event of the town history was celebrated by a Jubilee Science Conference organized by The Directorate of Museums. The accent was placed on the local church history, which is so far insufficiently studied and popular. My participation in the conference gave me an occasion to share the result of my about four-year work on some documents saved in Koprivshtitsa’s museum archive. Among them, as the most significant and rich in information stands out the previously considered lost The Book of Account of the church, which contains accounting notes for the period 1815 – 1843. Along with it, subject of this article is another newly discovered document, specifically related to the history of the construction of the temple in 1817. It is The Book of Account of the churchwarden Gruju Popgenchovich.

Приемната грижа в медийното пространство

Author(s): Hristinka Basheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

The general aim of this article is to promote the idea and organization of foster care as a protection measure and social service as reflected by the media. The media plays an important role in introducing, popularizing and evaluating the foster care – showing examples of both „bad“ and „good“ practices. The positive direction it creates is to inform the public about the service by showing these practices. The negative direction, the sceptical thinking and even the denial of this new form of care for children in need and risk, which is still seeking its place in Bulgaria and worldwide, come from the media suggestions that the foster parents are living and often profiting on the back of the children.

Стари надгробни паметници от района на Судак, Крим

Author(s): Leniyara Dzhelilova,Akhtem Dzhelilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

The paper presents the authors’ research on gravestones found in villages near Sudak. Most gravestones date back to the second half of 19th and early 20th centuries. Gravestones in the villages near Sudak have their own history. The most ancient one is dated by 1218 a.h./1802–1803 c.e., and the most recent one – by 1362 a.h./1943 c.e. The gravestones found in Khoz, Tokhlukh and Tarakhtash can be classified in three groups:1. Ancient gravestones;2. Fragments (remnants) of ancient gravestones; 3. Top parts of the ancient gravestones – fez, dal fez [turban], sarykh, fragments of an astrakhan cap.Crimean Tatar gravestones found in these three villages were made in pillar on in slabstone form. The face plate contains inscriptions, called epitaphs (from Greek έπιτάφιος – “specific of gravestone”). The other sides of gravestones contain engravings (decorations and drawings): the Islamic symbol of a star and crescent, Koran, ewer and plants, including fig-tree, six-petal flowers, etc.The tradition of Crimean Tatar gravestones, found in Khoz, Tokhlukh and Tarakhtash villages near Sudak, originated from Ottoman Turkey. There is also some similarity between the gravestones in Sudak and the thombstones from the Roman period on the territory of contemporary Turkey.

Local Communities and the Social Involvement of the Ethnographic Museums

Author(s): Nikolay Nenov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

This text describes and problematizes examples of Bulgarian and foreign museums focusing on mechanisms of social involvement. Examples are united by an anthropological discourse which gives Bulgarian ethnographic museums an opportunity to expand the thematic issues of their exhibits and activities. Alternative ways to develop and use the museum as an instrument for social criticism are part of the quest of today’s ethnographic museums. At the same time, the author makes his bias towards the Ecomuseum format clear in the search for an ethnographic reading, showing that the establishment of these museums creates a connection between local communities and the museum, which makes it possible to share local identity with various audiences.

National Character and Folklore in the Distorting Mirror of Bulgarian Animated Cinema

Author(s): Nadezhda Marinchevska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

The article examines various interpretations of folklore elements in Bulgarian animatedcinema as well as authors’ personal generalizations about main features of theBulgarian national character and ethos in the period from the late 1940s to these days.In the 1960s, the process, which has begun in the framework of ideological censorship,Bulgarian folklore tradition included, quickly transformed into satirical film model aiming its criticism at the Bulgarian national character. This model was based on the unconventional visual representation of folklore through the modern graphics and caricature, through the grotesque and decorative drawing. The next stage of the transformation of mythological and legendary subjects in the 1980s was related to radical neo-vanguard practices in Bulgarian animated cinema, which compared Bulgarian tradition to foreign cultures and ideas on a global scale and in a wide range– from the direct parallels in art to the psychoanalytical interpretations visualized insurrealistic stylistics.After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, all aspects of Bulgarian culture experienced a crisis – institutional, financial, and artistic. One could expect that the abolishment of ideological sanctions would push artists to openly revive topics that were forbidden until then, to interpret plots from folklore that had been unacceptable until that moment, or at least would prompt a new understanding of the meaning of the national character, broadening the worldview from the 1980s. Unfortunately, nothing of the sort occurred.

Bulgarian Mosaic

Author(s): Rossitza Guentcheva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

The article is dedicated to the travel notes on Bulgaria, Down the Donkey’s Path.Bulgarian Mosaic, written in 1978 in East Germany by the East German writer Kurt Bizalski and republished in 2001 in united Germany without any changes, explanations or supplements. Bizalski based the book on his experience in Bulgaria in 1977 when he paid an official visit at the invitation of the Union of the Bulgarian Writers.However, the Embassy of People’s Republic of Bulgaria in Berlin criticizes the travel notes, stigmatizes the author and recommends not to translate the book into Bulgarian.The Committee for State Security accuses the work in distorting the socialist reality and prevents its distribution in Bulgaria. This article presents Down the Donkey’s Path as a mobile book – restricted but not everywhere, prohibited but not completely,occupying the extra-national art space extended across the political borders within the socialist bloc from the 1970s and the 1980s. Analysing the author of travel notes as an anthropologist, Bulgaria as a field of research and the Bulgarian readers as a local critical public allows us to look at the problem of the relation between anthropology, literature and political censorship from another angle.

Amateur Football – Identity and Memory

Author(s): Iva Kyurkchieva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

This paper analyses the role of a village near Sofia’s football tournament and the football museum established in that same village as specific times and places of memory.The author’s interest is provoked by the fact that football occupies a significant part of the living world of the bearers of that culture; it touches them emotionally and their experiences related to it are extremely important to them. Football gives meaning to their workdays and holidays and at the same time, it becomes a kind of regulator of neighbourly and village relations. It also contributes to the adaptation of young people into modern society. The football occupations of the local people seriously influence their social life. By means of football, they provide themselves with the components of their local identity construction, which increase communal confidence and differentiate them from others.