Музикалнодиалектни особености на фолклорния вокален стил и маниер на изпълнение

Author(s): Galya Grozdanova-Radeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2015

Working out the specifics of the vocal styles and manners of performance in the different folk music districts in Bulgaria is prompted by an actual necessity, proved on the one hand by the decreasing number of the existing traditional folk practices and the limited contact of young people with these practices and on the other, by the revived interest in mastering such practices (mostly vocal and dance). The manner of performance is an established empirical practice, honed in the tradition of the past as a ‘model to follow’ and mastered intuitively. Now, however, it could be described, shown and taught. It is necessary to present in detail its specific aspects in each larger or smaller territories of the established folk music districts in Bulgaria so that to make its knowledge and mastering easier. The article deals with the folk musical dialects in Bulgaria presented in two major parts following the introduced by Elena Stoin territorial classification: eastern and western. The twelve folk musical dialects or regions are described in terms forming two groups of elements: vocal elements (speech reflex, speech specifics, sound qualities, sound generation, resonance, onset of sound, performative practice, vocal range); elements of the music language (voice-leading – strokes, ambit of the songs, ornamentation). The specifics of the vocal style and manner of performance are accentuated. On the basis of the outlined specifics of the traditional vocal practice in the folk music districts, generalizations are made, true to one degree or another of the national, territorial and regional music language.

Райна Кацарова и най-ранните теренни звукозаписи на традиционна музика от България

Author(s): Ventsislav Dimov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

This study presents the earliest resources of the folk music archive of the Institute of Art Studies, BAS: fieldwork recordings of traditional music made in the period 1938–1950. The text is part of a project, Raina Katsarova and the beginnings​ of recording activities in Bulgarian ethnomusicology. The study is based on the folk music recordings made by Raina Katsarova in 1938–1950, and by her collaborators Ivan Kachulev and Elena Stoin (1948–1950), using a Presto recorder and instantaneous discs. The study presents the earliest recordings (231 metal core acetates: 142 12-inch and 89 8-inch), digitised by Alex Nushev) containing songs, instrumental music and rarely, verbal folklore. There are 1,570 items or about 31 hours of recorded music in store for describing, identifying and studying (by the author and Dr Galina Denkova) The interpretation, apart from the recorded sound, includes handwritten fieldwork notebooks or other fieldwork material from the verbal folk music archive and the personal archive of Raina Katsarova (kept at the archive of the Institute of Art Studies), papers by Raina Katsarova delivered during her trips to several Bulgarian regions and places in 1941– 1944 (kept at the archive of The Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum, BAS), pictures from academic and personal archives, publications in periodicals. It is the first attempt to make such a comprehensive and full presentation with a detailed chronological description of the earliest fieldwork recordings in Bulgaria. The second part of the study seeks to make analytical readings of the recording database. Two views of the early recordings are offered: exploration of the areas of the recorded voices and music (places and regions, where the recordings have been made and where the informants and repertories belong) and of the tradition bearers on the grooves (analysed by age, sex, education, settled way of life, ethnic group, profession, etc., mostly by the classifying columns and ‘marginal notes’ in the fieldwork notebooks). The conclusion underscores that by using recorders in the 1930s and the 1940s Bulgarian science joined the mainstream of the West-European ethnomusicology. Raina Katsarova was the founder of fieldwork sound recording presenting songs, instrumental music, manufacturing of instruments, ring dances and games through their cultural functioning, their role in the life of the community and men. She set the beginning of the anthropological and culturological turn in Bulgarian folk music studies. Raina Katsarova’s legacy and that of her collaborators on fieldwork recording, Ivan Kachulev and Elena Stoin still holds unexhausted potential for informational content, creativity and future insights. That is why it is worth completing the process of their digitisation and cataloguing, publishing more extensive information about them and about the initial stages of their exploration.

Hrvatski tradicijski napjevi Međimurja na tragu Havelockovih kognitivnolingvističkih koncepata

Author(s): Lidija Bajuk / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2014

This paper attempts to classify the Croatian traditional songs from Međimurje according to two basic cognitive-linguistic concepts, presented in 1986 in The Muse Learns to Write: Reflections on Orality and Literacy from Antiquity to the Present by American philologist Eric Alfred Havelock. The two categories of traditional songs are: songs passed on by oral tradition, which present the behavior of mythical beings and people in mythical natural or real cultural settings (A), and songs passed on by written word which articulate the "myself" (B). Cognitive linguistics as a contemporary humanistic discipline considers in context the two-way creative correlation between the worldview of the author-performer and the listener – whose personal views reinterpret and redefine the world.

Защо смятат чехите във Войводово за немци?

Author(s): Marek Jakoubek / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2015

The text represents a contribution to the study of Vojvodovo, the Czech village in Bulgaria. The author attempts to answer in his analysis the following question: why so many Vojvodovo Czech Protestants chose as their marriage partners among the inhabitants of the nearby village of Bardarski Geran, both Banat Bulgarians (Paulicians) and Banat Swabians. In both villages religion was perhaps the most important organizational principle, religious endogamy being one of its main rules. As a result of that it might be expected not of find intermarriages between Vojvodovo and Bardarski geran, but the opposite, however, was the truth. The author shows that the reason, because of which the members of the two communities felt a kind of mutual affinity, was culture as both groups shared many cultural traits. One of these cultural traits was deep and genuine religiosity, or, better to say, belief. Thus, though at the first sight it is religiosity (seen as the creed) that seems to prevent any closer contacts between the two communities, it is religiosity (seen as belief) that stands behind the surprising and unexpected number of marriages that took place between the members of the two local communities

Живот, посветен на българската народоука

Author(s): Elena Ognianova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The author, a writer, folklorist and ethnographer, offers her views on​ the scope of Raina Katsarova as a researcher and a person, citing her works, academic and social activities and mostly, her own contacts during their close friendship and cooperation of four decades. The patriotism of Raina Katsarova, a woman from Koprivshtitsa, is highlighted along with her role in promoting folk songs on the radio, the press, training aids, books, and song collections. The article provides interesting facts about Raina Katsarova’s cooperation with Academician Mikhail Arnaudov regarding a research area, pioneered by Katsarova in Bulgaria, that of ethnochoreology. Raina Katsarova’s social activities are highlighted along with her scientific contribution and international weight.

Migration and Identity: Historical, Cultural and Linguistic Dimensions of Mobility in the Balkans. Edited by Petko Hristov. Sofia: Paradigma, 2012

Author(s): Mira Markova / Language(s): English Issue: Special/2016

Historia mówiona w muzeach. Przegląd projektów prowadzonych przez polskie placówki muzealne

Author(s): Katarzyna Kuzko-Zwierz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 05/2015

In recent years a considerable growth of interest in oral history can be observed in museum institutions. It is connected mostly with the narrative model applied when establishing museums (dominant in the Polish narrative), and the more and more popular participating approach. The oral history method and effects given by initiatives based on it seem both to fulfil the need for supplying evidence able to engage the audience in the presented story, and to be a way to engage different social groups in the museum activity. The aim of this article is to take a closer look on the projects run by Polish museum institutions and to give a preliminary analysis of how these possibilities can be used in practice. Particular interest was placed on institutions created in the last ten years. The author analyses projects coordinated by these centres focusing on, among others, the way their oral history collections are built, made available to the public and used to create museum exhibitions and museum projects.

Zwyczaje i obyczaje górnośląskie. Życie religijne, wybór tekstów B. Linek, Gliwice 2013, ss. 111 II wojna światowa we wspomnieniach mieszkańców Górnego Śląska, wybór i red. naukowa A. Dawid, Gliwice-Opole 2014, ss.174

Author(s): Katarzyna Bock-Matuszyk / Language(s): Polish,German Issue: 05/2015

Clothing between Secular and Religious: Policies and Identity

Author(s): Iva Kyurkchieva,Maya Kosseva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

This paper focuses on the question of how clothing which expresses religious identity is used and perceived in Bulgarian secular society. The authors discuss different strategies in the choice of religious symbols and clothes corresponding to individual roles in society, as well as to the ethnic and religious communities in general. The exposition follows through several basic cases in which the activities of state institutions and public opinion are discussed. The strategies in regard to the religious elements of clothing in the public and private spheres in Bulgaria are viewed in terms of a historical and contemporary perspective of the relations between the religious and the secular in the context of the traditional ethnic and religious variety in Bulgaria. Research on the topic indicates that there is a necessary and clear position on the part of the institutions and civil society in order to build adequate mechanisms to influence or control the processes in the future.

Киното в прединдустриалните общества: Балканите в междувоенния период

Author(s): Karl Kaser / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

The article gives a rough overview about the development of cinema in the Balkan countries in the interwar period which was characterized by a low level of economy. Especially, the countries lacked industrial infrastructure which was a precondition for a flourishing cinema life from its very beginning. Therefore, cinema played only a marginal role in the agrarian Balkan countries. It was practically confined to the urban space. The European cinema market was dominated by international US-American and German film producers. In the Balkans a domestic film production could hardly emerge. The introduction of the talkie deteriorated conditions for domestic film pro¬duction because of the increasing production costs. Cinema could only become a mass phenomenon after the period of scrutiny when industrialization enabled mass consumption, also of films, in the 1950s and 1960s.

Представата за град Видин в средновековната българска книжнина (XI–XIV в.)

Author(s): Miliyana Kaymakamova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2015

Имената на София през вековете

Author(s): Annie Dancheva-Vasileva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2015

Локализиране на балканската прародина на българите туканци от Бесарабия и Таврия според писмени и фолклорни източници

Author(s): Alexander I. Ganchev,Vladimir Milchev,Alexander A. Prigarin / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The problem of the origin of tukantsi, the first Bulgarian settlers in Budjak remains already for a long time a controversial question. The article, which is the result of a complex research of the authors, demonstrates that the inhabitants of the valleys between Stara planina and Sredna Gora called Karadza Dag (Sarnena Sredna Gora) are the earliest Bulgarian immigrants in Southern Bessarabia in modern times. The article is based on different sources: acts and statistics from the archival collections of modern Ukraine and Moldova and materials from field studies accomplished by the authors in the period between 2012 and 2014, in Budjak and Sredna gora (photo documents, oral and written narratives). The updated statistical documents, together with the narratives, the folklore, graphic and other types of sources not only allow to confirm the hypothesis of the South Bulgarian origin of the tukantsi from the region of Karadza Dag, but also reflect the direct continuity, the direct genetic link between Budjak and the Balkans during the nineteenth century.

Владимир Демирев. Местно знание и сакрална топография в Сливенско. Сливен: ИК „Жажда”, 2014

Author(s): Ivan Marazov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

Book Review

Марек Якубек. Войводово, едно непознато чешко село в България. София: Парадигма, 2013

Author(s): Todor Bozhinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

Book Review

От неуспешна мобилизация на младежта към патерналистично визуализиране на Путин: неравният път на младежкото движение „Наши“

Author(s): Jussi Lassila / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 45/2016

This article examines the pro-Kremlin youth movement Nashi (2005-2012) – the hitherto largest youth organization since the Soviet-era Komsomol – in order to elucidate the background of changes that have appeared in the Kremlin’s symbolic politics since 2012. Nashi’s disappearance from Russia’s political scene by the summer of 2012 can be seen as an elementary part of the crisis that the Kremlin faced with the large-scale protests that shook Russia’s major cities in the winter of 2011/2012. However, Nashi’s negative image did not fi rst appear in Russia with Putin’s decreased popularity and the beginning of the large-scale protests; rather, such a negative image has been manifested throughout the existence of pro-Kremlin youth formations supporting Putin’s political leadership, before and after Nashi. Rather than demonstrating a well-planned and calculated insistence on patriotism and moral conservatism, the history of the whole pro-Putin youth movement indicates that it has continuously struggled with its public image ever since its idol, President Putin, appeared in Russia’s political arena. By focusing on Nashi’s online writings as its major voice, the author exemplifi es the basic and unsolved dilemma of governmental mobilization – the tension between didactics and stimulation – that is crystallized in the movement’s political communication. After that, in a short excursion on Nashi’s successor, the project Set’, the author’s aim is to pinpoint how the ‘exit’ from Nashi’s communicative dilemma, in line with the Kremlin’ssymbolic politics since 2012, appears as a proliferation of Putin’s personality.

Дисертации

Author(s): Nikola Kazanski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 24/2012

Defended PhD theses in Bulgaria in the field of linguistics, literature, history, folklore, ethnography and art studies

Динамика и устойчивост на границата във възприятията на локалните общности (По материали от региона на град Златоград)

Author(s): Yana Berova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

The way in which the phenomenon of border determines the being and the cultural specifics of the population inhabiting the adjacent regions becomes nowadays increasingly the subject of scholarly research. The region close to the southern Bulgarian border around the town of Zlatograd provides for a field study of how local people interpret the border and how it affects their lifestyle over the years. The historical and cultural memory of the border population clearly reveals the influence of the dynamics or stability of the border lane as depending on the current political reality. From a freely crossable border in the multiethnic Ottoman Empire, it turned into part of the “Iron Curtain”. Today it is actaully an ambivalent reality and a “frontier in infinite globalization”. The turbulent history of Zlatograd Region unquestionably plays a key role in the formation of the local “frontier” identity of the nearby population. The combination, from the one hand, of the dual nature of the border as both separating and defining, and, on the other hand, the process of globalization and ethnocentrism turns the fieldwork in a very specific experience which needs particular addressing.

History and Politics in Polish Jewish Israeli Relation 1989–1995

Author(s): Jacek Stawiski / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2022

After 1989 Poland decided to re-establish diplomatic relations to the State of Israel that were severed in 1967. Poland also opted for the dialogue between Poles and Jews that was very limited during communist period. Lech Wałęsa as President was keen on opening new contacts with the Jewish diaspora and Israel. Wałęsa visited Israel as first ever Polish President and Chaim Herzog visited Poland as well. In the 1990s key anniversary ceremonies were organized commemorating the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising and the liberation of the Nazi German camp Auschwitz. In those years the issues of anti-Semitism and complexity of Polish-Jewish relations, particularly during the Holocaust, were addressed.

Д-р Недялка Василева – Головина (лекар на детските здравно – съвещателни станции във Варна)

Author(s): Galina Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

Д-р Недялка Василева (1900-1983) е трайно свързана с детското здравеопазване. Още от студентка тя се ориентира към превантивната медицина. Нейната дипломна работа на тема: „Бъдещата дейност на сестрите посетителки в България“ е доказателство за привързаността ѝ към профилактиката. Цел: Да се проучи живота, делото и приноса на Д-р Недялка Wасилева Головина за детското здравеопазване в град Варна. Методи: историческо-документален. Проучени са документи от архивни фондове на Държавен архив (ДА) - Варна и публикации в периодичния печат. Резултати: Д-р Недялка Василева е една от четирите новозавършили лекарки през 1924г., определени от Дирекция народно здраве (ДНЗ) да оглавят диспансери за борба с детската смъртност и туберкулозата. Тя преминава специализирано обучение в противотуберкулозния диспансер в София, детската клиника на Александровска болница, в ДНЗ – за подготовка по администрация. Диспансери не се откриват, но получената кавалификация е добра основа за работата ѝ в новооткритите детски здравно-съвещателни станции първо в София, а от 1927 до 1958 г. тя всеотдайно служи на децата във Варна. Нейният пример се изразява в дълготрайното ръководство на здравно-съвещателните станции, желан консултант на майките и разпространител на здравни знания сред гражданите чрез лични контакти, публикации в печата, радиопредавания, изложби. Тя е първи организатор на плаж за децата от детските здравно-съвещателни станции в продължение на 15 години. Заключение: Името на д-р Недялка Василева-Головина остава записано в историята на здравеопазването като изключителен пропагандатор, организатор и учител в създаване на нова култура за съвременни здравни грижи за новородени и деца в широки слоеве от варненското гражданство.Introduction: Dr. Nedyalka Vassileva (1900 - 1983) is permanently connected to the child health care. Ever since she was a student, she has been geared up to the preventive medicine. Her diploma thesis on the subject: „The Future Activity of Visiting Nurses in Bulgaria” is a prove of her devotion to the preventive care. Aim: To study the life, the achievements and the contribution of Dr. Nedyalka Vassileva-Golovina to the child health care in the city of Varna. Methods: historical-documentary. Documents from the archival funds of the State Archives in Varna and periodic publications have been examined. Results: Dr. Nedyalka Vassileva is one of the four doctors, newly graduated in 1924, who were determined by the Public Healthcare Directorate to take the lead of dispensaries for the prevention of child mortality and tuberculosis. She has undergone specialized training and study at the Anti-tuberculosis Dispensary in Sofia, at the Children’s Clinic of Aleksandrovska Hospital, at the Public Healthcare Directorate – for training in administration. These dispensaries have not been opened, however, the gained qualification was a good foundation for her work at the newly opened child health advisory stations, firstly in Sofia, and then, from 1927 to 1958, in Varna, where she worked with heart for the children. The example set by her finds expression in the long-term management of the health advisory stations, the consultancy desired and preferred by the mothers and the dissemination of health knowledge among the population through personal contacts, publications in the press, radio broadcasts, and exhibitions. She first promoted a beach for the children from the child health advisory stations which functioned for 15 years. Conclusion: The name of Dr. Nedyalka Vassileva-Golovina will stay in the history of public health as an outstanding propagandist, organizer and teacher creating new culture for contemporary health care for newborn infants and children of Varna.