![Historia budynku katechetycznego przy kościele pw. Najświętszego Serca Pana Jezusa w Witankowie, w dawnej parafii Skrzatusz](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2018_42423.jpg)
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In the article, the questions connected with the activities of the Zakaspy circle of fans of archeology and stories of the East are analyzed. Their member’s officials of administration of the chief of area were interested with the specified directions of scientific knowledge. Along with them, there were such members of a circle, as Ivan Aleksandrovich Belyayev (1882-1920) who acted in 1915-1917 on pages of the collection of a circle with the works devoted to products of folklore of the Turkmen and Karakalpak people.
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The territory of north-eastern Bosnia is one of the least explored parts of the Western Balkans in archaeology. In 2015, the remains of a double-naved basilica from Late Antiquity were discovered in the village of Mramorak, at the archeological site of Crkvina, in the municipality of Osmaci. A comparative overview of similar findings from north-eastern Bosnia is given in the introductory part of this paper in order to comprehend the importance of this finding as much as possible. This is followed by specific research results of the basilica from Late Antiquity from Mramorak. It is important to note that one tombstone stela from the period of the Principate has been discovered at this site. This is a high-quality monument as seen by the portraits of the decedents and their successors. It is a beautiful example of Roman stelas that has been discovered in the territory of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina. Although the inscription field is physically damaged, the majority of the text can be reconstructed. This recently discovered basilica from Mramorak can be dated to the period from the 4th to 6th century, whereas the stela was probably produced in the 2nd century.
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All of the social and religious establishments in the cities of Islamic geography were built by way of foundations. In Siirt, one of the important cities on the east-west road route in Southeast Anatolia, many foundation woks were built, giving service about religious and social issues. Most of these foundation works belong to the Seljuk and Ottoman periods. One of the important sources about determining the foundations in Ottoman cities is the foundations records in the land registry books. Although these records do not explain in detail the functioning of the foundation as foundation certificate-charter, they have current information, according to the year they were written, about the income and expense, employees and the basic function of the foundation. Another feature of these books is that it gives information about all the foundations in the city. In this article, the mosques, madrasahs and masjids in the city of Siirt have been identified in the light of the information in the book, registered at number 998 in the Land Registration Classification of Ottoman Archives Of The Prime Ministry These foundations also have a particular importance in terms of clarifying the political history of the city.
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Općina Tuzla se nalazi u centralnom dijelu sjeveroistočne Bosne, između planinskog vijenca Majevica, na sjeveroistoku i planina: Ozren, Konjuh i Javornik, na jugozapadu, odnosno između slivova rijeka Spreče i Jale. Prije više od deset miliona godina ovo područje je bilo prekriveno Panonskim morem koje se, uslijed geotektonskih pomjeranja, povuklo u Crno more. Nakon povlačenja mora, na prostoru današnje Tuzle su ostale naslage kamene soli i izvori slane vode. Kroz sve historijske periode, od neolita do današnjih dana, život ljudi na ovim prostorima i njihova egzistencija, bili su vezani za izvore slane vode. Nije slučajno da se na području Tuzle nalazi najstarije neolitsko naselje u Bosni i Hercegovini (Gornja Tuzla) i jedno od najstarijih i najvećih neolitskih sojeničkih naselja u jugoistočnoj Evropi (Tuzla).
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Manisa Plain is the agricultural heartland of Manisa and Saruhanlı District occupies a large part of the Plain. In its history, Saruhanlı has not been an intense urban settlement. The earliest records of Saruhanlı as a village are no earlier than the 17th century. Saruhanlı and other small surrounding settlements has grown rapidly in terms of population towards the late 18th century. Agricultural production gained momentum with the arrival of Karaosmanoğulları and this had a huge influence on this growth. The increase of the non-Muslim population in the region also corresponds to this period. In the second half of the 19th century, Muslim refugees who were partly Caucasian, mainly with Balkan origin were re-settled in the plains. This settlement in the region has increased the number of settlements, has grown some old villages and turned some of the farms into villages. Between 1919-1922 the region was exposed to the invasion of the Greek army. After the occupation came to en end, the region began to change in terms of the structure of the population. Rums has left the region with the Greek army. Immigrants from the Turkish-Greek Public Exchange were settled here in the early years of the Republic. Until recently, immigrants from the Balkans were settled in the region. Saruhanlı in 1959 has been converted into a district of Manisa. Recently came into force with the Metropolitan Law, villages were attributed with a district status. Villages connected to Saruhanlı have also turned into the quarters of the district. Today there are 8 centeral quarters and 42 peripheral quarters of Saruhan district. Each of these 42 quarters, which used to be the old villages of the district, now have the quality of a small town. Saruhanlı is one of the smallest districts of Manisa today. But it has an utmost agricultural importance for both Manisa and Turkey.
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Yuntdağ Yenice Neighborhood is a small settlement 40 km from Yunusemre, Manisa. The mosque located in Yuntdağ Yenice Neighborhood has been built on a rectangular base, which is very close to being a square, it consists of a prayer hall (harim) with a wooden roof and narthex. The structure particularly attracts attention with its indoor calligraphy decorations. In the mosque, there are the hadiths, the word tawhid, the word sahadet, Esma-ül Hüsna sections and prayer texts in the different kinds of celi sülüs, celi kûfi and celi divani scripts which are very valuable in terms of their remarkable designs. Scripts are especially in the mihrap. In this article, it is aimed to document the rich calligraphy written by Hussein Avni bin Mustafa in a village mosque built in Hijri 1319 (1901-02).
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Mahala Petrič je jedna od najstarijih mahala, gradskih četvrti, Srebrenice.Sam naziv mahale, mnogi toponimi u i oko mahale, te arheološka nalazišta, dokazuju da je prostor mahale Petrič bio naseljen i prije dolaska Osmanlija u Bosnu. Nalazi se na krajnjem jugu Srebrenice u dolini Bijele rijeke ili Čičevačke rijeke. O dugovjekovnoj urbanoj tradiciji ove mahale, kao jednog od urbanih dijelova Srebrenice, svjedoče: putne komunikacije, broj i prostorni razmještaj kuća, broj stanovnika, mahalska džamija, kao materijalno i duhovno središte mahale, Vakufska zemljišta, stara mezarja, nekoliko vodenica i drugih privrednih objekata, te složena struktura zanimanja stanovnika mahale od zemljoradnima, zanatlija do uleme. U radu interpretiramo osnovne, geografsko-urbane, demografske, vlasničke, geneaološke i ostale društveno-kulturne činjenice iz prošlosti mahale, prije svega one koji se odnose na drugu polovinu 19 stoljeća. Glavni dio rada bavi se detaljanim pregledom mahale Petrič iz 1894. godine. Prije svega, prezentiraju se i analiziraju: vlasništvo nad zemljištem i kućama, familijama, javnim objektima, toponimima sa kraja 19. stoljeća. Za ovo istraživanje korišteni su izvori austrougarske provenijencije, prije sveka Gruntovne knjige i katastarski planovi.
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U radu su obrađena tri naselja, koja se nalaze sa sjeverne strane grada Srebrenice. To su prilično međusobno isprepletana naselja: Fojhar, Gostilj i Likari. Istražuje se stanje naselja krajem 19. stoljeća. Daje se detaljan pregled svakog naselja, posebno urbano-geografskih, vlasničkih i demografskih karakteristika. Navode se kuće i drugi urbani sadržaji, imanja i zemljišta, njihovi vlasnici i brojni toponimi. U svakom od naselja je navedeno cjelokupno poznato kulturno-historijsko naslijeđe. Rad je napisan na osnovu gruntovnih knjiga iz 1894. godine i katastarskih planova iz istog perioda.
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Esad Tihić, an YNA colonel and history professor, was born in 1925 in Bosanski Samac. He graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy, Department of History, in Belgrade. He worked for more than 30 years in the Military Publishing Institute, mainly in the preparation and publication of the works dealing with the history of the NOP and other historical periods. He was the editor of over 30 books and editions. He published a significant number of historiographical works and several historical monographs. The author reminds us of this almost forgotten military historian, one of the two authors of the "Gračanica and the surrounding areas in the NOP and revolution" monograph, talking about the cooperation on that project, with a number of interesting details of that cooperation. For the first time, the complete list of the books and historiographical works published by Esad Tihić (with the exception of two smaller articles) has been published.
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Notary services in Poland had not originated until the days of the Duchy of Warsaw, where they were based on the regulations of the French notary act of 16th March 8003, entitled “Organisation of notary services”. The act remained in force in the Kingdom of Poland after the fall of the Duchy of Warsaw, although the system underwent certain changes. It was repealed only on the 1st (13th) July 1876, together with the Russian notary act of 14 April 1866 coming into force. The beginnings of notary services in Łódź date back to 1841. Until that time, the residents of Łódź had used legal assistance of notaries operating in the nearest city, that is Zgierz. Together with the development of industry and an increasing number of its population, Łódź required also the need to nominate an increasing number of representatives of this legal profession. In turn, Zgierz did not develop as dynamically as Łódź, for which reason the authorities of the Kingdom of Poland decided to move notaries from there to Łódź.
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The development of regional political structures and organs of the judiciary did not manage to keep up with the intensive economic and demographic development intensifying in the second half of the 19th century. A breakthrough in the development of judicature came in 1863, with the transfer of the seat of the Justice of Peace of the District of Zgierz to Łódź. The following stages included a gradual increase in the number of justices of peace and setting up an independent region of the Congress of Justices of Peace in Łódź in 1888. Despite their intensity, the efforts to have a commercial court opened for Łódź in the days of Kingdom of Poland failed. The said court was set up as part of the independent judiciary only when Łódź became an independent court district.
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The long duration of the Communist regime cannot be explained without closely looking at the manners of creating shared meanings and agreement on explanations on the shared historical context. Narratives of legitimation, some easier to depict than others, were almost as important as the use of force in imposing the specific values of the regime. In other words, soft power was the buttress of hard power. But the nuances are numerous, once we put this otherwise obvious remark under closer scrutiny. The case studies presented in this issue of the yearbook underline the practice of combining soft power with hard power: that is, legitimating narrative discourses transmitting sets of values and beliefs, backed up by policies of various forms of violence.
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Romanian historiography generally states that in Communist Romania there was no intellectual capable of stimulating a “heresy” comparable to those in Yugoslavia (Milovan Djilas), Hungary (György Lukács) or Poland (Adam Schaff). This is almost true. While the Romanian Communist/Workers Party (RCP/RWP) despised intellectuals, even if they were docile and obedient, in the upper echelons of the RCP/RWP one could hardly find true intellectuals. However, there were some cases that can challenge this narrative – Lucreţiu Pătrăşcanu, Grigore Preoteasa, Miron Constantinescu or Tudor Bugnariu. My paper will discuss the case of Tudor Bugnariu, one of the intellectuals seduced by the communist project and ideology in interwar Romania, who later managed to occupy important offices within the RCP/RWP and the state structures. By analyzing the narratives of Tudor Bugnariu’s several autobiographical texts, my paper will examine and explain his becoming and the construction of his self-identity and of his “revolutionary” self.
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The focus of this study is the city of Berlin as a site of contested spaces and its representations in the novel Book of Clouds (2009) by Chloe Aridjis. As a number of recent books on Berlin have indicated, the ongoing efforts to physically re-configure historical sites in the city and construct a new post-unification identity for the capital and the nation has produced dissonance between long-standing national narratives of identity and the challenges presented by new identity narratives. The foundation of cultural identity, social memory, is political, shaped and wielded by those in power. Yet, as Michel de Certeau has posited, such power can be contested at the street level where ruptures can be observed. Book of Clouds, the first novel by transnational author Chloe Aridjis, explores the relationship of identity and memory as Tatiana, a young Mexican Jewish woman living in Berlin in the first decade of the twenty-first century, observes and interacts with the city and its inhabitants from an outsider’s perspective.
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Our paper proposes to follow the history of the “Burning Bush”, a spiritual and cultural movement in the 1940s in Romania that had proposed the solution of spiritual resistance to communism through culture and faith. The analysis holds as key-concepts: discourse analysis, narrativity, semantics and hermeneutics, following the discourse of the Securitate’s archives with reference to the Burning Bush in terms of: - conflictual discourses: inquisitor vs. imprisoned; - motives and themes of the incriminatory discourse of the Securitate; - the existence of a master narrative of the archives.
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This microhistorical case-study of the role of the Antifascist Front of Women of Yugoslavia in popularising New Year celebrations in the Serbian municipality of Čačak aims to examine the internalisation of the communist discourse through ritual practices serving to infiltrate the private life of the local community and to expand the Party’s support basis. In the first post-war years, the new authorities not only tolerated, but tacitly approved and aided celebrations of Christian holidays. Yet this policy changed radically in 1948, when local mass organisations were instructed to replace winter holidays with New Year festivities, based on the Soviet model. These events bore an observably ideologised character, since New Year’s Day was not only supposed to mark the calendar year’s end, but also to symbolise the new beginning as a ubiquitous simulacrum for a new socialist society. The primary agents of this novel collective identity practice were women, champions of the socialist emancipation project, whereas the main channel for dissemination were children, which embedded this measure within the farsighted project of tempering a “new man.”
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The paper addresses the US media perception of the Russia-threat following the election of Donald Trump as the United States’ President. Trump’s election revealed a major value divide within the American society. The Russia issue became central in the new internal divide between the Trump administration and the liberal establishment. To the latter the Russia story was more about Trump than Russia. If the two countries are to move beyond viewing each other as potential enemies, they must find a way to reframe their values in nonconfrontational terms.
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This paper discusses the main tenets of how Bulgaria was represented in what can be coined as ‘Russian propaganda’ and how the dynamics of this processfunctioned in the period from 2013 to 2016. First, it will provide a discussion outlining the general framework and illustrate some discourses that appeared in Russian media outlets concerning Bulgaria. Secondly, it will focus on how Russian propaganda operated in relation to Bulgaria’s presidential elections in the autumn of 2016. The latter case study is important as an empirical study since the ultimate winner of the election, Rumen Radev, was largely portrayed in both international and domestic media as being a ‘pro-Russian’ candidate. Such media portrayals of the Bulgarian presidential elections can be seen as consistent with similar depictions of other electoral contests in Europe and the United States over the past years in which Russian propaganda, social media trolls and bots, fake news have supposedly come to play a role in promoting politicians orpolitical parties that are perceived to be ‘pro-Russian’. This paper will qualify such simplistic dichotomies and attempt to bring some nuance to the question of what constitutes ‘Russian propaganda’. In contrast to widespread assumptions following the logic of the so-called ‘information’ or ‘hybrid’ war, it argues that what is generally regarded as ‘Russian propaganda’ in Bulgaria tends to be a‘home-grown’ phenomenon rather than a foreign-directed or steered influence.
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