Sztuka - polityka - kultura. Wybór listów

Author(s): Jacob Burckhardt / Language(s): Polish

Burckhardt’s epistolography presents less known side of great scholar – an astute observer of political reality and a classical critic of modern world culture’s “degenerations”, person with politico-conservative views.Epistolography helps us to know his complicated and ambiguous personality – the humanist and scholar who was sensitive to formal and thematic aspects and at the same time to functions of an ancient art and a contemporary poetry and music. It consists an unique document of intellectual and political atmosphere of some decades of the 19th century.

Anul 1918 în emisiunile Europei Libere (1955-1991)

Author(s): Sergiu Musteață / Language(s): Romanian

The book represents a collection of documents from Hoover Archive and comments on treating 1918 Union of Romania by Romanian Service of the Radio Free Europe during the Cold War

Persuasiveness of the Words, Pictures and Gestures in the History of Political Ideas

Author(s): Béla Mester / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

A historian of political ideas used to interpret the words of political communities, pictures shown by them, and their gestures as political acts. During the interpretation, the switch between the analyses of the former three is often problematic. Interpretation of the words causes the fewest problems, and we have methods for the interpretation of pictures from the history of arts. In the intellectual history, the Cambridge school had offered a method for taking “the text in context”, using the term of “writing act” in the historical analysis, based on the philosophies of “speech acts.” Deep researches of the Cambridge school have re-established the authority and role of rhetoric in political philosophy, at least in its historical concern. “Pictorial turn” has offered the term of “pictorial speech act” for the theory and history of the religious and secularised fine arts. However, the terms of “writing act” and “pictorial act” are relatively new tools for the intellectual history, and their usage is abundant in theoretical problems; the real trouble has emerged, when the picture starts moving, or the talking person makes gestures. At first we think the cause of the trouble that of the authors of our written sources; later we understand that it is in our own point of view; finally, we recognise that the theories of the history of philosophy about the relationship between the picture and word are useless for our aims. The solution is hidden in a theory of gestures, developed independently from the theories of pictures, and languages. I have met this problem at first in my researches concerning English classics. In the present lecture I will show early modern instances from the history of religion and political ideas, with an analysis of the parallel reasoning by words, pictures and gestures in historical situations of early modernity.

Szlak twierdz bastionowych na pograniczu śląsko‑małopolskim

Author(s): Dariusz Michał Nawrot / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

A line of fortresses; which were supposed to protect the border of Silesia in the modern period; is presented in this paper. A line of fortresses in Pilica; Częstochowa; Danków and Krzepice was built at that time. They protected the tracks inside Lesser Poland from the northwest. The architecture of these objects makes it possible to present the use of the solutions proposed by styles of fortification; present in Europe at the end of the sixteenth and in the seventeenth century. The visit in the area allows to estimate skills of the engineers of that time in adjustment of particular objects to the local terrain’s conditions; and it also helps to understand the usage of particular structures in the chosen part of fortification. The history of these fortresses in the modern period is a great possibility to get acquainted with the history of that region; which was full of not well known events; not only in the modern age.

Geschichte des Liberalismus in Europa

Author(s): Guido de Ruggiero / Language(s): German

The present German edition of my work follows the Italian original edition with a time shift of five years. However, I hope the book will not be out of date. I could not make up my mind to make changes in the text, not even where the presentation could appear to have been corrected by recent political experiences, for instance on the last pages of the chapter on Italy. After all, it was not my intention to write a book that was merely “topical”: not the political report of the day, but only the story itself, I believe, will be able to correct or confirm my theses after a more comprehensive and calm process. Various difficulties had to be overcome in organizing the translation. I would like to thank the publisher for the care that it has put into it.

Schatten der Geschichte. Europäische Profile

Author(s): Valeriu Marcu / Language(s): German

Published in 1929 by Paul List Verlag, Leipzig. // Author’s introduction( written in times when gender-neutral language was still unknown. We trust the reader’s capacity, to read un-neutral wording with, nevertheless, neutral understanding): When a young man looks at the world through the curious eyes of a twenty year old, he falls in love with principles. He believes that he can derive everything from principles, and through them alone he can understand everything. Like a theologian, he wants to capture the content of ideas and states in sentences in order to then polemicize against the “universe”. There is more optimism than arrogance in this rebellion. Soon, however, painful processes begin that have to be endured in order to achieve independence, the autonomy of one's own thinking. “Man - says Hegel - must make himself what he should be; he must first acquire everything himself ... So the spirit is his own result.” That is why I say to myself today, without mourning or rejoicing, that this book only reflects a mood of life that I shared with friends, and which was a drop from the general experience of the first half decade after 1918.

ATTRIBUTIONS AND MISATTRIBUTIONS AT THE ORIGINS OF SPECIAL RELATIVITY

Author(s): Marco Mamone Capria,Maria Grazia Manini / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Minkowski wrote that a basic mathematical result (the Lorentz invariance of Maxwell equations) for the newborn special theory of relativity was “the theorem of relativity by Lorentz”. We explain that this name is unwarranted, and that in fact among the founders of the theory it was Poincaré who came closest to proving it. It is argued that historians should be careful not to rely uncritically on the bits of historical reconstruction that for different purposes scientists insert in their technical papers.

SURVEYING METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS IN THE SIXTH BOOK OF IERONIMO PICO FONTICULANO’S TREATISE ON GEOMETRY (1597)

Author(s): Mario Centofanti,Stefano Brusaporci / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Many treatises on geometry were written in the XVI century. Ieronimo Pico Fonticulano (1541–1596) in the sixty book of his treatise titled Geometria (1597) describes the surveying instruments and their methodological and operative use. The aim of the paper is studying the instruments described by Fonticulano and, thanks to the numerous applicative examples, analysing the surveying methods. It focuses on instrument’s geometry and materials, their components, the using modalities, the instrumental positions, the working principles, the main application allowed. Last but not least instruments and methods are studied in relation to their historical context and to the ones presented in other treatises of the same age.

CONFIRMING SPECIAL RELATIVITY IN SPITE OF HIMSELF. THE ORIGIN OF IVES–STILWELL EXPERIMENT

Author(s): Roberto Lalli / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In 1938, the American industrial physicist Herbert E. Ives performed the Ives–Stilwell experiment, named after him and his assistant G. R. Stilwell. While physics textbooks describe the experiment as a confirmation of special relativity theory (SRT), Ives regarded the result of the experiment as a proof of the Larmor–Lorentz hypothesis of the contraction of the time–pulse of an atomic clock in motion through the ether. The aim of this communication is to provide a historical analysis of Ives’s motivations to perform the experiment as well as of his theoretical presuppositions concerning the relationship between ether theories and relativity.

NOTES ON THE CONCEPT OF FORCE IN KEPLER

Author(s): Raffaele Pisano,Paolo Bussotti / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In this paper we present some historical and epistemological Notės to trace a general picture of the concept of force in Kepler with the aim to provide: a) conceptual bases of Keplerian notion of force; b) a stimulus to the Kepler Forschung as to this concept.

Политическите послания в турските сериали по българските телевизии и "Нетфликс"

Author(s): Zhana Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 10/2021

The text presents the main conclusions based on the study of the political messages in the Turkish series broadcasted on Bulgarian television and on Netflix. The main political messages in the series, showed on Bulgarian television, are the responsibility for decisions, connect with the life of a woman and a child. Among the important political topics are: migration, education abroad and returning home, conflicts between rich and poor.

Atomy. Od filozoficznej idei do fizycznej realności

Author(s): Jan Grzegorz Małecki / Language(s): Polish

The work discusses the evolution of the perception of the constituent elements of matter, from ancient times to the present day. The study presents not only historical data on the understanding, interpretation and description of individual elements of matter, but also includes a description of the historical background, including a brief description of individual researchers and facts related to their life and activity. The paper discusses the progress of science related directly to changes in the understanding of the structure and composition of matter. This aspect is particularly important from a didactic point of view, since the history of the development of atomic theory underlies the history of chemistry as a field. Thus, the presented monograph meets the needs of contemporary Polish scientific literature. The publication is addressed to research workers and students of the departments of chemistry, pharmacy, physics and history.

Počátky českého a slovenského environmentalismu – vybrané kapitoly

Author(s): Bohuslav Binka,Petr Jemelka / Language(s): Czech

The aim of this study is to present the beginnings of Czech and Slovak environmental thought. The study opens with an analysis of Josef Durdík’s book Pozor na lesy! [Beware of the Woods!] that can be regarded as the central work of 19th-century Czech environmentalism. The analysis of Durdík’s work and its comparison with the work of another important 19th-century author, John Ruskin, is followed by a reprint of Durdík’s Pozor na lesy! [Beware of the Woods!]. The second part of our study includes Petr Jemelka’s analysis that covers authors from the beginnings of Slovak environmental thought, Jonáš Záborský and Ján Maliarik. Jemelka’s analysis is also complemented by selections from the authors that are examined.

Geschichte der politischen Ideen in Polen seit dessen Teilungen (1795-1914)

Author(s): Wilhelm Feldman / Language(s): German

Tarihi Perspektifte İnovasyondan Günümüz İnovatif Okuryazarlığına

Author(s): Asiye Yüksel / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Innovation is ubiquitous today. Organizations use the term innovation in their statements, and politicians regularly mention the term innovation in their speeches. To determine what innovation is and is not, it is important to first define it. Reviewing the semantic journey without going through today's definitions of innovation will further reinforce the importance of the concept we think is current. Considering the historical journey of the concept, it would be correct to say that its meaning has moved from negative to positive. In this section, the semantic journey of innovation is handled from a historical perspective and a literature analysis is made about the meaning it has reached today. It has been seen that the meaning of the concept has developed a lot in both lexical and scientific terms.

Международната научна конференция „Поп-култура, поп-политика: дигиталният обрат“, посветена на проф. Ивайло Дичев

Author(s): Niya Neykova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2024

44 scientists participated in the International Scientific Conference dedicated to Prof. Ivaylo Dichev, on the topic: Pop-culture, Pop-politics: The Digital Turn. Interdisciplinary Analyses Of The Intersectionality Between Media, Cultures And Politics. The conference concludes the research project "Pop-culture, pop-politics: The digital turn. Interdisciplinary analyses of the intersection between media, cultures and politics" of the Sofia University. The conference was implemented with the help of the Cultural Studies Network, the journal "Seminar_BG", the Department of "Radio and Television" of the Faculty of Journalism and Mass Communication, and the Department of "History and Theory of Culture" at the Faculty of Philosophy, together with scientists from the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.

Echoes

Author(s): Ana Dumitran / Language(s): English,French Issue: 8/2024

Българските народни песни с мотив „Девойка спасява Малта“ – публикации, изследвания, въпроси. Част 1

Author(s): Snezhanka Gencheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The article summarizes the concepts of historicism of the folklore-poetic works established in our science at the end of the last century. It reviews the recordings and publications of Bulgarian folk songs with the motif "A Virgin Rescues Malta" and examines the research and opinions concerning them. The article also analyses the metadata, associated with the already published versions, throwing more light on the context of their existence at the time of their recording in written form.

„Мечката е невинна!“ Природа 2.0 и съжителството ѝ с човека

Author(s): Svetoslava Toncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The article examines the question of how the concepts of nature and coexistence 2.0 have been constructed in the web 2.0 space, as well as their importance for conservation policy and decision making regarding human-nature coexistence. The object of analysis is the widely known case of a human-brown bear conflict that occurred near the town of Belitsa, municipality f Razlog, which initiated heated debates in the web 2.0 space in the context of the “innocence” of the brown bear. The analysis of the discussions falls within popular discourse of “re-connection” and “living in harmony” with nature constructed by global environmental agencies, as well as within the novel calls and proposals for coexistence between humans and nature. The article concludes that the construction of nature and coexistence 2.0 appears to serve conservation goals, but foregrounds their paradox of re-connecting with nature yet living at a distance from it.

Istoria ca sărbătoare politică. Aniversările jubiliare ale României socialiste, 1965-1989

Author(s): Andrei Cosmin Popa / Language(s): Romanian

"The importance of Andrei Popa's book lies not only in the fact that it analyzes Romanian historiography during the complex period of the Ceaușescu regime, but also in the fact that studies it as part of the process of controlling the historical (collective) memory of the Romanian nation, using tools of totalitarian propaganda. This book is based on the selection of the most important anniversary and commemorative moments in the history of Romanians, called even by the communist regime to be Jubilees." (Florin Abraham) ”Beyond the well-documented, meritorious empirical research, the work also has a certain theoretical dimension, of discussing some concepts used. The author captures very well the propaganda dimension of the various ideologized anniversaries and answers the questions related to the main factor that boosted the proliferation of this kind of celebrations meant to legitimize the single party and especially the communist Romanian leader, Nicolae Ceaușescu. Looking to the causes and institutions involved, Andrei Popa chose the right solution to study this subject." (Cristian Vasile)