International solidarity. UN, NATO and EU peace operations

Author(s): Joanna Dobrowolska-Polak / Language(s): English

The moral obligation of solidarity – present in every religion – and the wayit functions in the relations between states, nations and people belongingto foreign ethnic, national and religious groups, have been discussed in theinternational arena for several years.The rule of solidarity is an ethical imperative that gives the right and imposesthe obligation to act whenever a human being experiences harm thataffects his mental and physical well-being or threatens his life. Accordingto John Paul II, “Solidarity is (…) a firm and persevering determination tocommit oneself to the common good; that is to say to the good of all and ofeach individual, because we are all really responsible for all”1. Tenzin Gjaco,the 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet says that when people demand the rights andfreedoms they cherish, they should not also forget about responsibilitiesthey have towards other people. “If we accept that others have an equal rightto peace and happiness as ourselves do we not have a responsibility to helpthose in need?”2. He claims that if we close our eyes to the suffering of othersto enjoy our freedom and success, we reject the responsibility. That is why it isabsolutely necessary to develop interest in the problems of others - individualsand entire nations3.

Mocarstwowe aspiracje Niemiec w Europie XXI wieku: realia i perspektywy (Raport z badań)

Author(s): Bogdan Koszel / Language(s): Polish

Germany is at the stage of redefining its place in Europe and the world in the complex conditions of the 21st century. It is attempting to strengthen its international position in both transatlantic relations and in the European Union. However, this can be described as competition in the process of globalization, not striving for hegemony. At the same time, the pro-European trend in its foreign policy is being observed in Germany. Among the political elites of the Federal Republic of Germany, slogans are being used to return to the German Sonderweg and to resuscitate the so-called German question. There is an increasing openness in writing about the "de-Europeanization" (De-Europäisierung) of Germany and the "domestication" (Domestizierung) of German policy. Currently, elements of continuity and cautious changes prevail in German policy. The failure of the Constitution for Europe cherished by Germany and efforts to obtain a permanent seat on the UN Security Council have shown that Germany had much less capacity to act than it was generally credited with. A. Merkel's government is trying to sort out the situation, which is not so easy, considering the coalition nature of the government and sometimes - as the eurozone crisis has shown - troublesome cooperation with the FDP, and previously with the SPD. Social pacifism is still strong in the country, there is no question of universal agreement on the goals, role and place of the Federal Republic of Germany in the new international order.

Przyszłość NATO - trudne decyzje

Author(s): Jadwiga Kiwerska / Language(s): Polish

Is NATO, which has been in existence for over 60 years, still the fundamental political and military structure guaranteeing security and stability in Europe - as it has been for decades? To what extent should the Pact be an element and factor of security on a global scale - what do the challenges of today require? Can NATO still operate effectively and be a credible alliance in the current conditions and in the face of new threats? These are some of the questions that should be asked before we begin to develop a new strategic doctrine for the Alliance. This, in turn, must resolve several fundamental issues that are important for making NATO more dynamic and getting it out of a critical juncture.

Polacy i Niemcy w Unii Europejskiej (2004-2009). Główne problemy i wyzwania

Author(s): Bogdan Koszel / Language(s): Polish

Poland and Germany have common interests in the Union, and above all, they have a significant role to play in implementing the so-called Eastern dimension of the European Union. Together, they should strive to create in Central Europe an area of ​​"freedom, justice and security" outlined in the Amsterdam Treaty. Poland should approach cooperation with Germany in the EU rationally, guided not by immediate benefits or resentment, but with respect for its own interests and those of its partner. It should be borne in mind that in the history of the European Union, there has been no major initiative that has been adopted without the approval of Germany. The policy of sacro egoismo and being guided solely by national interests can easily lead to Poland's isolation in the European Union.

Saglasnost i većinsko glasanje

Author(s): Ivan Mladenović / Language(s): Serbian

The main goal of this book is the interpretation of the relationship between consent and majority voting, as the basis of the understanding of legitimacy in the modern era and the foundation of modern political philosophy. The author approaches this topic primarily by considering the theories of the classical theorists of the social contract, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, as well as the criticism of this theory by David Hume. On the other hand, the book deals with the relevance of this topic for contemporary normative political theory and the theory of democracy. Some of the important problems faced by contemporary theories are how it is possible to determine which procedure of political decision-making is, normatively speaking, the most adequate for a political community, and which is the most adequate way to establish such a procedure.

Erinnerungen gegen den Krieg / Не убить Человека

Author(s): / Language(s): German,Belarusian

This volume written and published by German and Belarusian authors attempts to philosophically address the ban on killing a human being. Aleš Adamovich and other authors examine the human soul not killed by war and consider how the killing itself could be eliminated. The issue of war and peace is closely intertwined with the Chernobyl theme here. The book talks about how bridges of mutual understanding and humanism are being built between the German and Belarusian people.

„Polityka kobiet czy kobiety polityki?”. Płeć jako element obrazów medialnych kobiet

Author(s): Katarzyna Brzoza-Kolorz / Language(s): Polish

The monograph entitled "The politics of women, or the women of politics?" Gender as an element of women's media images, is part of the field of women's media studies, filling to some extent the gap, existing on the Polish publishing market, in this topic. The work is interdisciplinary in its theoretical and empirical layers, although the emphasis was placed on media and social communication sciences, as well as political and administrative sciences. The investigations carried out were an attempt to obtain an answer to the question: whether, and in what way, gender is a factor projecting media images of women in politics, presented in selected Polish weekly opinion magazines? The first part shows the development and findings to date in the field of women's media studies, using the achievements of foreign researchers and activities undertaken by Polish scientists. The second part, on the other hand, presents the results of content analysis, which was made the foundation of the author's typology of ways of media depiction of female politicians and politicians' wives, as well as the starting point for constructing models of media images of women of the political world, in the analysed media materials.

Historia polityczna Polski 1989-2023

Author(s): Antoni Dudek / Language(s): Polish

Jest to wykład rzetelny, skonstruowany ściśle chronologicznie, bardziej opowiadający niż analizujący. Historia polityczna w ujęciu Autora to historia polityki, która rozgrywa się przede wszystkim na terenie instytucji państwowych i w obrębie klasy politycznej. Głównym podmiotem nie jest więc anonimowe społeczeństwo, obecne w postaci wyników sondaży i głosowań, a niekiedy opisu strajków. Są nim bezpośredni uczestnicy – przede wszystkim liderzy – gry (walki) politycznej, co nadaje płynności wywodom Antoniego Dudka i podnosi temperaturę narracji. Prof. dr hab. Andrzej Paczkowski Antoni Dudek jako jeden z pierwszych profesjonalnych badaczy zajął się początkami, a następnie dziejami Trzeciej Rzeczpospolitej. Swój warsztat historyka i politologa wykorzystuje także w najnowszej, opartej na rozległych badaniach, historii politycznej Polski. To najlepszy dziś przewodnik dla wszystkich próbujących zrozumieć nasze dzieje po upadku rządów komunistycznych. Prof. dr hab. Jerzy Eisler Antoni Dudek – historyk i politolog, profesor nauk humanistycznych. W latach 1989–2014 pracownik Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, obecnie wykładowca na UKSW w Warszawie. W latach 2011–2016 członek i ostatni przewodniczący Rady IPN. Autor i współautor wielu książek o historii najnowszej Polski oraz jej systemie politycznym. Publicysta i komentator polityczny, prowadzi na YouTube autorski kanał „Dudek o Historii”.

Global Risks and Their Impacts on Türkiye

Author(s): / Language(s): English

Today, the growing impact of climate change, armed conflicts, social polarization, and economic instability threatens the foundations of the global order. These challenges escalate rapidly, fuelled by technological advancements and economic uncertainties that we face on a global scale. Disinformation and misinformation stand out as critical global threats. The pressing issues of cybersecurity, geopolitical tensions, unequal opportunities, inflation, forced migration, economic downturns, and environmental degradation present urgent risks that demand immediate attention. The imbalances and inequalities in wealth and resource distribution at all levels breed instability locally, regionally, and globally, further amplifying the fragility and volatility of our global system. Beyond the immediate crises, our book delves into the potential repercussions of artificial intelligence and its implications for the geopolitical supply chain in Türkiye. It meticulously unveils how climate change and geopolitical dynamics could severely impact Türkiye’s security framework, economic landscape, and business sector. In this context, Türkiye must boldly declare its commitment to fostering collaboration among nations, businesses, and civil society to effectively address these global challenges. Türkiye’s pivotal role in this collective endeavour cannot be overstated, and the country should continue to lead initiatives aimed at collaboration and problem-solving. This book offers valuable insights from scholars, experts, and industry leaders, with the goal of elevating awareness and effectively managing emerging risks at every level. Together, we can navigate these turbulent times and create a more resilient global order.

Serbia and NATO: From enemies to (almost) partners

Author(s): Jelena Radoman / Language(s): English

This paper explores the ambivalence of current Serbia – NATO relations. The relationship features alongside Serbia’s ‘exceptionality’ in comparison to the relations of the other Western Balkan countries with the Alliance. In spite of this ‘exceptionality’ Serbia’s security policies have being brought in line with the prevailing security discourse and concept of NATO. The main event that has shaped Serbia – NATO relations is the 1999 bombing campaign of which its consequences and impact on current Serbia – NATO relations are described and analysed here. The central argument is that despite the experience of NATO’s hard power in 1999, Serbia’s security policies have been socialised through the post-1999 engagement with the Alliance as well as the perceived convergence of NATO’s and the European Union’s security policies. This case study contributes to the literature on socialisation by analysing an exceptional case of socialisation which took place without Serbia either being a member of the EU or NATO, or any sort of declared ambition to join the Alliance. It stands in contrast to the already explored examples of socialisation of the Central and East European, Baltic and Balkans states whose security policies have been socialised due to these countries’ open and undisputed ambitions to join both the EU and NATO and their following admittance into both of these organizations.

ASSESSMENT OF POLICE CORRUPTION IN SERBIA

Author(s): Saša Đorđević / Language(s): English

Results of public opinion polls on corruption conducted among police officers, assessment of police work, statistics on filed criminal complaints against police officers and different scandals in connection with the MoI work which occurred in 2013 indicate that there is significant corruption in the police and that this undermines the integrity of police and its officers. In addition to this, a harmonized system of internal police control, which, together with institutions of external oversight and control, should prevent the police from exceeding their competences and simultaneously ensure greater responsibility of police officers, does not work well in Serbia. Also, the implementation of strategic documents for reducing police corruption is questionable. All this together is not conducive to meeting the expectations of most citizens that the police should play the leading role in the fight against corruption in Serbia (CeSID, UNDP 2012: 25).

PrEUgovor : Report on Progress of Serbia in Chapters 23 and 24

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): English

Serbia officially started the negotiation process for its accession to European Union (EU) in January 2014, more than two years. So far, only two negotiation chapters have been opened: 32 (Financial Control), 35 (Other Issues, which in Serbia’s case, refers to Belgrade-Pristina relations), thus she was invited to prepare negotiation positions for two other chapters: 14 (Transport Policy) and 21 (Trans-European Networks). Negotiations on Chapters 23 (Judiciary and Fundamental Rights) and 24 (Justice, Freedom and Security), being of the most relevance for the following report, have yet to be opened, despite the facts that this was announced at the beginning of the negotiation process and that these chapters were the first to be opened during the latest round of EU enlargement. Finally, even though their opening has been scheduled for June 2016, this has also been called into doubt since Croatia, now an EU member state, recently raised reservations over certain issues covered by Chapter 23.

Protection of Human Rights in the Army and Police

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Serbian

The book Protection of Human Rights in the Army and the Police combines the papers prepared by the researchers and associates of the Centre for Civil-Military Relations, a Belgrade-seated NGO, within a project on the “Protection of Human Rights in the Army and the Police of the FR of Yugoslavia”. The whole project, including the publishing effort, was implemented with the support of the Westminster Foundation for Democracy, London and Freedom House, Budapest. The project, initially conceived as one-year (2000-2001) interdisciplinary research exercise, was essentially aimed at identifying the degree of respect for human rights in the Yugoslav army and the police. The research also extended to the observance of human rights of citizens under the jurisdiction of the army and/or the police. The main task of the researchers was to look into the (im)balance between the regulative – constitutional and legal – protection of human rights in the army and the police of the FRY and their actual discharge. In order to do that relevant empirical data had to be collected.To this end, in early 2001, the Centre for Public Opinion and Political Research of the Institute for Social Sciences of the University of Belgrade carried out a survey on the situation of human rights and freedoms in the Yugoslav army and the police on a representative sample of 1680, as required for project purposes. The survey findings were presented to the public at a press conference on 12 April 2001 in the Belgrade Media Centre. The conclusive analysis of findings was then incorporated into the present Collection of Papers.

Security Inclusion of FR Yugoslavia in Euro-Atlantic Community

Author(s): / Language(s): English

To achieve a fully democratic and secure state, FR Yugoslavia (FRY) must address internal and external security challenges through cooperation with neighboring countries and integration into the Euro-Atlantic Community, particularly NATO and the EU. Following a decade of instability and ideological manipulation, reforms began after Milošević's removal in 2000, signaling support for Euro-Atlantic integration. However, achieving this requires citizens to embrace democratic standards and understand the benefits of such integration.The Center for Civil-Military Relations in Belgrade addressed these issues by organizing the 2001 conference, "Prospects for Security Inclusion of FR Yugoslavia in the Euro-Atlantic Community," supported by NATO and the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces. The conference facilitated discussions between domestic and international experts on topics such as NATO’s Partnership for Peace program, FRY's security reform, and the interdependence of Southeastern Europe and the Euro-Atlantic Community.To achieve a fully democratic and secure state, FR Yugoslavia (FRY) must address internal and external security challenges through cooperation with neighboring countries and integration into the Euro-Atlantic Community, particularly NATO and the EU. Following a decade of instability and ideological manipulation, reforms began after Milošević's removal in 2000, signaling support for Euro-Atlantic integration. However, achieving this requires citizens to embrace democratic standards and understand the benefits of such integration. The Center for Civil-Military Relations in Belgrade addressed these issues by organizing the 2001 conference, "Prospects for Security Inclusion of FR Yugoslavia in the Euro-Atlantic Community," supported by NATO and the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces. The conference facilitated discussions between domestic and international experts on topics such as NATO’s Partnership for Peace program, FRY's security reform, and the interdependence of Southeastern Europe and the Euro-Atlantic Community.

Civilni monitoring u okviru projekta ZASTUPANJE INTERESA ROMA U OKVIRU SARAJEVSKOG REGIONALNOG STAMBENOG PROGRAMA

Author(s): Nedžad Jusić,Milan Radović,Dubravka Mišković Prodanović,Ratko Bubalo / Language(s): Bosnian,English,Croatian,Serbian,Montenegrine

At the beginning of 2014, Igman Initiative, a network of CSOs from the countries signatories to the Dayton Agreement, had set off the project of civic monitoring of implementation of Regional Housing Programme (in further text RHP), with special focus on providing housing care for Roma, as one of the most vulnerable groups within the refugee population, and integrating their interest in that process. A special vulnerability of Roma population derives from the fact that Roma are often unemployed and live off social assistance in hard housing conditions, often in illegal and segregated settlements without proper infrastructure, in flats which they illegally inhibited or in housing units without construction permit and proof of ownership. Consequently, they face difficulties in exercising their status rights and accessing health services, education, employment, social protection and housing care, usually due to the absence of personal documents, poverty, and traditional way of living or limited access to institutions. In relation to other refugees and DPs a majority Roma is in the category of legally invisible persons (absence of personal documents). As a result, and because of prejudice, they encounter numerous difficulties in obtaining documents and realizing refugee status or acquiring citizenship, which is conditioned by the acquisition of citizenship in domicile country or the status of foreigner with permanent residence, all which is a prerequisite for the exercise of other rights, including the right to housing. For example, although the Government of Montenegro is putting enormous effort into solving the status of DPs and IDPs the major risk lies in the fact that a majority of Roma still hasn’t regulated its status in Montenegro. The rights to housing under the RHP will only have those DPs and IDPs who have regulated their status. This project was initiated for the reason that the Igman Initiative has warned before that there is bias and unequal treatment in the region, including discrimination of Roma with regards to their access to housing care, as well as numerous issues with regard to proving the status of refugees, or the ownership of property or its devastation. The main objective of the project is to improve the status of Roma refugees, DPs and IDPs in Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, by providing assistance in accessing housing care and providing support to competent authorities in their efforts to permanently resolve Roma issues in the area of housing. During the realization of this project it has been determined that competent institutions in the countries of the Dayton Quadrangle responsible for the implementation of the RHP do not have precise data on Roma refugees and DPs, their number, current territorial density and their housing needs. General statistical data regarding Roma population, i.e. Roma refugees and DPs, does not match the state of affairs in this area. Due to the lack of data on Roma refugees, DPs, IDPs and their housing needs, in relation to anticipated models of the RHP implementation in participating countries, there is a risk that a significant number of the most vulnerable Roma refugee and displaced families will be neglected during the implementation of the RHP. For example, in Croatia the RHP deals primarily with persons who are still placed in refugee camps or collective centers or with former holders of tenancy rights, among whom there are no Roma refugees, DPs or IDPs. For this reason, competent institutions in the RHP implementing countries should determine the exact number of Roma refugees, DPs and IDPs, their territorial density as well as their accurate housing needs, so as to adjust the anticipated models of the RHP implementation in a way that will include most vulnerable Roma refugee and displaced families in the programs of housing care. The RHP does not recognize Roma refugees, DPs and IDPs as a special vulnerable group, but determines the final beneficiaries according to unprecedented criteria of vulnerability regardless of nationality, other affiliations, or other individual circumstance. Therefore it is difficult to monitor the implementation of the RHP in relation to this or any other ethnic group. With regard to terms of conditions and criteria for the selection of final beneficiaries, the RHP guarantees equal status to all refugees and displaced persons, so that no group within the refugee and DP population receives a special treatment. Consistent with that approach the most vulnerable refugees and DPs, among whom a significant part is Roma, will receive assistance, under the requisite that they submit their applications with all requested documentation. Nevertheless, although the status of Roma refugees and DPs is formally equal to the status of other categories of socially vulnerable refugees and DPs in respect of access to the RHP, their housing and the overall socio-economic status is, by rule, more vulnerable, due to which their access to the RHP is undermined in relation to other categories of socially vulnerable refugees and DPs.

Докторантски четения 10: Публична администрация в развитие: презареждане

Author(s): / Language(s): Bulgarian

The Doctoral Readings series is an edition of the Department of Public Administration at the University of National and World Economy (UNWE), which was launched in 2014 in parallel with the annual Autumn Academy. It is a forum for the presentation of the scientific research not only of students studying at the Department of Public Administration, but also at other departments of the UNWE, as well as at different universities in the country. The Doctoral Readings 10 "Public Administration in Development: Reloaded" presents papers by doctoral students that trace contemporary highlights of public and private sector management. A special focus is leadership and leaders‘ qualities in public administration. In connection with the constitutional changes adopted in recent months, a forecast of upcoming administrative processes and amendments is made. Another report examines decision-making processes in political parties. Issues arising from digital divide are a topical issue that also implies a realignment of the administration. A transition to private sector management problems is made by analyzing trends in labor market realization. The volume also presents separate analyses of the penetration of volunteering into companies' practices and of impulse buying.

Institucija i profesija : sociološka analiza pravosuđa i pravosudnih profesija u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Samir Forić / Language(s): Bosnian

The book represents a first socio-legal reseach in contemporary Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and a first comprehensive study of judiciary and judicial professions from a sociological perspective in the region. The key issue addressed by the book is how law, as a social institutution, develops, maintains and manifests its institutional strength. The book explores the underlying processess and analyses their effects by focusing on social action and actors that comprise the legal, namely juridical field in the social universe. Theoretical part of the research, presented in the first chapter, focuses on the processes of institutionalisation and professionalisation of law. Historical overview of the judiciary and judicial professions along with analysis of the judicial reforms in post-Dayton BiH from a law and politics perspective is presented in the second chapter. Empirical part of the research, presented in third chapter, focuses on social position, internal structures and relationships between respective judicial professions (judges, prosecutors and attorneys at law) and was conducted as a survey based on the sample of 441 respondents. The narrow focus of the book is on the High Judicial and Proesecutorial Council (HJPC) BiH as a micro social institution of law, its own institutional strength in conjuction with its capability to maintain and enforce its institutional as socio-epistemological borders. HJPC is also analysed through the lens of the social agency, its action toward other political actors and national judicial community. It is also analysed as a professional institution serving as a form of professional organisation for the legal professsions of judges and prosecutors. The book also features analyses of the processes of Europeanisation of BiH judiciary, feminisation of legal professions, and incremental changes to the legal market for attorneys at law.

POTESTAS a popolo - vlast izbliza

Author(s): Milena Veličković / Language(s): Serbian

The current state of the society we belong to can be understood as a state of new beginning, as a new chance offered to all of us and to each individual in particular. How our society will develop and in what direction it will move depends on all of us. The realization of civilizational achievements and modern standards requires the comprehensive inclusion of citizens in social processes.

On the Deeds of Weak Institutions

Author(s): Miša Brkić / Language(s): English

The blossoming of corruption is not a feature of transition exclusively in Serbia. However, what is nevertheless distinguishing for Serbia among transition countries is that transition agony never seems to end as well as a total absence of sanctions that could have compensated at least a small portion of public funds expropriated by transition corruption.

PREDLOZI ZA PRIORITETE NOVE VLADE I NOVOG SAZIVA NARODNE SKUPŠTINE 2022–2026.

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Serbian