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Can be the Code of Ethics an Important Piece of the Big Picture Companies’ Puzzle?

Author(s): Valentin Călinovici / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to analyze the relevance of a Ethical Code for the efficiency and healthy developement of a business company. I know that a lot of work is required for this code to be fulfilled and a lot of studies reveal that companies need the percept and the values stated by ethics codes in order to have a healthy development. But if it does not comply with the code of ethics, what happens? These are not such laws in order to be able to suffer the consequences immediately, but are just recommendations for better development. Can a company grow in the absence of an ethical code? A company's activity is a compendium of factors that work to fulfill its purpose or in a related way. A component factor in this compendium is also ethics, transposed by the company's code of ethics. It is true that a company is a very complex compendium of factors that interact in order to generate the purpose of its being. But a theoretical point of view, like those stated in a ethical code,can be really helpful? In 1985 – 2001, Enron Company was one of the most innovative and appreciated company in the USA. However, this company has developed all these years only with few influences by its ethical code.Enron began to violate ethical values much more 5 years before bankruptcy. For five years, the company did not feel that breaking these values, the company's overall status is on a negative trend. Certain management mistakes have led the firm to bankruptcy, but if it can be considered a cause of bankruptcy failure to observe the code of ethics, why has it been so many years that these consequences take effect?

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Economic Laws, Necessities or Obstacles for Growing Companies?

Author(s): Valentin Călinovici / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The objective of this paper is to discuss about economic laws in relation with companies development. They surely exist in every country, in different manners. It is important to understand if they are really important in the process of developing a company, or they are simply obstacles. In 2001, Enron was recording the biggest bankruptcy, at that moment, in the USA history. Soon after that, Sarbanes-Oxley Law was implemented very quickly for all the companies in USA. The purpose of the law was to avoid another similar case of Enron to happen in the American economy.But was that fair for all other thousands of companies from SUA to be obliged to pay for the implementation of such a drastic law? Up until this law exists, most of them had a good trajectory of development, not to mention that they were ethical and legal in procedures. It is important for a company to have laws created by the state in order to have a good development? Where is the liberty offered by the state to companies in order to develop in a libertarian manner? Is there any? In this project I want to discuss about the importance of the Sarbanes-Oxley law in SUA based on empirical data collected from different books and specialist analysis. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance of the economic laws for the life of a company in a long term vision. In particular, I will argue that the economic laws can be considered obstacles and necessities.

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The Role of Game-based Learning in Career Development and Job Placement of Young People with Intellectual Disability

Author(s): Narcisa Delia Valentina Chirvasiu,Ruxandra Foloştină / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The European Employment Strategy has estabilished as a main objective the inclusion of disadvantaged people on the labor market by promoting open employment strategies. In this framework. it is desirable to identify and remove barriers that hinder the employment of people with disabilities.The most important skill needed to work in adult life for students with intellectual disability is the ability to cope with social situations. The training and the development of social skills needed to work and lead to an independent life is a major goal for students with intellectual disability. The disappearance from the curriculum for special education of some subjects such as "Education for adulthood" represents a barrier to the formation and social integration of young people with intellectual disability. Independent life skills represent the minimum of skills that allow the owner to develop a normal social life, thus limiting the need for assistance or accompaniment from social services.Forming social skills for young people with intellectual disabilities could shorten the gap between educational provision and their employment needs by allowing young people to integrate much easier.In this article, we want to analyse the importance of entrepreneurial education through virtual games. Nowadays, virtual games occupy a great deal of young people's time, being at the top of their preferences, motivating them and forming their interests. Starting from this idea, we want to present a prototype of an entrepreneurial game, accessible to young people with intellectual disabilities, through which they can develop the necessary skills for a future job placement.

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Financial Behaviour of Romanian Guaranteed Minimum Income Beneficiaries

Author(s): Silvia Cojanu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to explore the financial behaviour of guaranteed minimum income beneficiaries in Romania, based on their responses in a survey with national representativity for this target group. The main themes of analysis are: perception of their financial situation and satisfaction with the standard of living, perceived financially induced limitations, as well as financial behavior, considering income sources, savings and debt. The results are consistent with the reviewed literature on savings and debt under the poverty context: most respondents don’t have access to mainstream credit and they financially depend on their social network of family and friends in times of need. Yet, in spite of the financial support of their social networks and of affirmed temperance in spending habits, they are faced with health endangering financial limitations - through lack of food or necessary medical treatments.

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The Model of the Middle Blocker in Volleyball

Author(s): Adin-Marian Cojocaru,Marilena Cojocaru / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Finding a center-of-play game model that adapts to the objective reality of the volleyball game leads to determining the content and effectiveness of its game action. The hypothesis of this research is based on the need to model the game, which develops according to certain fundamental characteristics, based on the demand and efficiency of the gaming activities, printed by the training model, the game content model and the efficiency of the skills team members, in special middle blocker model.There have been a few tasks off our research literature including information on the state of knowledge on the chosen topic, gathering information and data on game content in zone 3, in terms of weight and overall efficiency of game actions and for the two structures, analysis of results, their interpretation and separation of the most important conclusions of the theoretical and practical, which can be helpful in charge of training specialists.Mathematical processing of data from records is preferable to meet international standards developed by the FIVB, so we can relate to them (summarized by M. Serban, 1998 and 1999).The methods used in research were the method of documentation; the method of observation and registration; modeling method; the statistical and mathematical method of data recording and processing.Research conclusions have been systemized on issues that were derived from the general hypothesis of the study.

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Centre-periphery Cleavage in Ukraine

Author(s): Valeriu Deciu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Once the former USSR collapsed, countries like Ukraine have construed their own collective identity aiming to differentiate them from internal and external “others” in a nation building process. New territorial boundaries have been established over the mental ones, founding myths and heroes have been recovered or reinstated. This process looked successful for a while until a census unveiled a center-periphery cleavage formation. Meanwhile, Kiev’s centralizing policy had to face upheaval in the eastern part, and conflict is ongoing. Scholars have speculated mostly over ethnic and historical factors as well as Russia’s active involvement as main reasons for the shift in identity self-referencing of Donbas region’s inhabitants. This paper aims at examining this center-periphery cleavage formation from another standpoint: an internal political struggle between two regional clans that are still controlling the resources and hence hold political power in the so-called Donbas region from Eastern Ukraine. Without minimizing the influence of historical and ethnic factors, we posit that many eastern Ukrainians’ choice for identity self-referencing had shifted when their region started to decrease in terms of economic and political power on the central level. And the Donbas clans losing the central power control over fighting each other is along with historical and ethnic factors one of the main reasons for that.

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Coping with Everyday Ethical Dilemmas

Author(s): Valeriu Deciu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

We normally need case studies to explore ethical dilemmas, always with referential principles used to define what we think is right or wrong. Said principles are usually preordained, resulting from our life experiences, and help us draw a line between good and bad. Summing up perennial values and moral virtues like honesty, fairness, and responsibility, these principles seem theoretically untouchable and flawless. Though, both time and day to day situations force us to adjust these values, rephrase those principles and reposition the line delimiting the acceptable.Same goes for real-life situations in the workplace. Values and principles stated in any Ethics and Compliance Program are not always easy to observe when tested by the unexpected and uncertainty. Is it possible to define those principles so that to withstand any test? Probably not, since managers have to cope quite often with potential conflicts of interest, mismanagement of resources, biased interpretations of contracts and agreements, to name just a few. Apart from “black and white” they have to operate in a very challenging “grey area” where things are far from being simple. Some might say that all they have to do is to consider their decision’s effects for the stakeholders while keeping a keen eye on the compliance issues. What happens when a wrongful situation is favourable for the shareholders? Or a hypothetical situation presents choices which entail ethical dilemmas, even if the expected outcome is “for the greater good”?We posit that best way to cope with ethical and compliance dilemmas is to use a combination of subjective and objective instruments for risk assessment. These should be helpful when we deal with uncharted or unexpected ethical issues falling under the category of a “grey area”. How can we assess some dimensions of said issues which are not measurable? This is the question that we try to answer throughout the present paper.

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Frequent Mistakes in Romanian Management Practice

Author(s): Valeriu Deciu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Throughout the past two decades, Romanian society and economy underwent some profound transformations in their attempt to assimilate modern business concepts and instruments. One such concept is that of the modern management encompassing its entire theory, practice and the available range of tools proved as viable in the western marketplace and imported from economically developed countries. Are these instruments fail-proof even in their countries of origin? Should these be customized for a certain market or there is a standard implementation mode that guarantees their success? Are there any typical mistakes that can be identified only for Romanian managers or there is a certain universal pattern of such managerial mistakes? If some of the typical managerial mistakes have greater occurrence in Romanian managerial practice what are the reasons thereof? Are there particular social, cultural or historical attributes that can be considered as influential factors in this respect? Starting from the theoretical background provided by reputed specialists, we try to identify and classify managerial mistakes currently observed in Romania according to their importance and occurrence by means of analysing specific magazines, journals and interviews available online. By interpreting the data obtained we try to find answers to the questions hereabove enunciated and provide the Romanian managers with a useful self-assessing scale of values, a “mirror” depicting their most common psychological traits.

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Youth Entrepreneurship and Role Models at Local Level. Case Study: Bihor County, Romania

Author(s): Anca Otilia Dodescu,Ioana Crina Pop Cohuţ / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the context of promoting inclusive entrepreneurship in Romania, the present paper addresses the issue of youth as a disadvantaged group on the labour market and under-represented in entrepreneurship from a local perspective and highlights the role models as a key instrument for encouraging youth entrepreneurship. Thus, in addition to a brief theoretical background about youth entrepreneurship and policies to stimulate business creation among young people in the European Union (EU) and Romania, we analysed the statistics on the labour market and youth business creation in Bihor County, Romania and conducted a qualitative research based on an in-depth interview applied to 12 young entrepreneurs from Bihor County, Romania. The research findings outline a local perspective about the motivations, opportunities, obstacles and difficulties of youth entrepreneurship in an EU lagging region, the access to finance, the role of education, family, support networks and the influence of models from local business environment for young entrepreneurs, their business identity in the local business environment, and how entrepreneurship changes young people's perception of business creation and self-employment. The main conclusion of the paper is that, despite the Romanian legislation and policies that are not friendly enough to youth entrepreneurship as well as local business environment, and despite erroneous perceptions of young people about financing a business, there are young models who had the courage to change their lives for good, who succeed and recommend to other young people to become business owners or self-employed. Alongside facilitating access to finance, role-models are, in our opinion, the most important tool for promoting youth entrepreneurship at local level.

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What can Psychoanalysis Reveal us About Spinoza's Life and Work?

Author(s): Marius Dumitrescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Spinoza wrote the most fascinating politico-philosophical texts during his life, because these were intertwined with his life, with the events he attended and actively involved in, hoping for a reformation of the world in which he lived. Theologico-Political Treatise and On the Improvement of the Understanding reveal us that Spinoza does not belong to eternity, but to his time. He was a thinker who wrote first of all for its contemporaries, for the people of the 17th century.In this paper I will analyze in the psychoanalytic key these two texts and the context in which they were elaborated because we can better understand the philosopher's reaction to the events of his time.Firstly, I will point out that these two treaties wrote by the Dutch philosopher captured the spirit attempt to maintain its thinking independence on emotional tensions that threatened to throw the soul of man in the whirl of regrettable events and actions. Secondly, I will show that Spinoza, a man of his time, was directly involved in the complicated process that aimed solutions for a spiritual unification of the old continent in the second half of the 17th century. He was able to experience a vast array of emotional states ranging from ambivalence to fear and despair and from resignation to enthusiasm in front of scientific and political realities which were on the way to be acomplish in the favorable conditions of the new Europe that emerged after Peace of Westphalia.

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Decision - Making Process in Business Using Game Theory

Author(s): Ana Maria German,Alexandru Codrin Ionescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

These days, the business environment is dynamic, volatile, uncertain, and with multiple self-interested agents interacting, leading to various opportunities for both conflict and cooperation to appear. Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage on market became important capabilities of a company. The aim of this paper is to investigate the efficiency of game theory in the decision-making process of companies from automotive industry. Game theory is a topic of modern applied mathematics. It uses mathematical techniques for analyzing situations when managers/competitors in the same segment make decisions that influence one another’s interests/business. A key element in a game is to discover which strategy is a decision maker’s best response to the strategies chosen by the others. The concepts of game theory involve the need to formulate, analyze and understand strategic scenarios of companies from various fields. The study’s methodology is based on literature review, case studies, and mathematical methods. After a suggestive literature review framework, the study presents applications which use different types of games in various conditions. The findings prove that game theory represents an important tool for decision-makers from the automotive industry in the field of strategic planning. The results are useful both in the market, for decision-makers and managers of companies, as well as in the academic field, for students. Game theory is inspiring because the terms and ideology are simpler than those of other theories in this segment. Game theory uses mathematical models to look at how conflict and cooperation work together.

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Human Resources Management In Education

Author(s): Ioana Raluca Golbach,Izabela Florina Barbu (Marinescu),Alina Bidireanu (Nastase) / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Education and public service that involves direct contact between the one who offers the end user service are provided by people to people, they can not be separated in time and space.Services quality evaluation is made more difficult that evaluating the quality. Performers indicators used are those that express customer satisfaction measures, “intangible or mild” are often as important for succes as heavy and objective indicators. Among the indicators that remain lighter appearing in the customers mind: care, courtesy, tact, concern, respect and human quality in general. Training and further training of human resources in education are necessary and important to provide services to established standards, education services are services provided to people by people.

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The Role of the Manager versus the Leader in Education

Author(s): Ioana Raluca Golbach,Gabriela Soare,Aurelian Ionescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the school education institutions each manager/leader addresses its own style to apply in professional activity, and it may be the key to the success of the organization which he runs. According to the detailed knowledge of the legislation, problems of each sector of activity, paired with personal attention to all the problems of the members of the organization, demonstrating that the “cares about them”, but also to create an environment inside the organization, can stimulate and motivate your entire organization toward achieving the target and the proposed objectives and even to obtain performance.The success within the organization may be determined by the way in which the manager is involved, and act according to the decisions which it takes in certain key moments.

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Social Asymmetry - An Operative Concept of Political Philosophy

Author(s): Iulian Grigoriu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In this paper I discuss the concept of social asymmetry as a relation between the individual and society, but also as an intrinsic characteristic of society. I intend to analyze the relevance of the term to the fields of political science (descriptive, factually committed) and to political philosophy (normative, concerned with the difference between individuals with different values and options, the way in which factuality is regulated by the type of society).The term social asymmetry may be relevant in social ethics, as dependent on factors such as justice, freedom, truth, law, quality of life, etc. The present study highlights two types of social asymmetry: an irreversible one, one of totalitarian societies, and another, a reversible one, inherent in democratic societies.I consider that social asymmetry was at the basis of political upheaval in the communist bloc of the nineties. The balance of any society is ontological, meta-social, centered on the human person. The ontological dimension seen as an existential equilibrium among a multitude of non-quantifiable parameters is the one that sorts the type of society and determines its type of asymmetry.

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Flexibility and Agility - Key Indicators in Supply Chain

Author(s): Bianca Guliman,Larisa Gavrila / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In this paper, we investigate the impact of innovation on supply chain and how flexibility and agility create a real advantage for a supply chain. Under different environmental conditions, supply chain flexibility has sustainably contributed in making logistics systems efficient, agile. The results of a survey applied to 100 responders, shows that, as distinctive capabilities, both logistics flexibility/agility and relationship flexibility have great effects on the level of supply added value, customer satisfaction, level of logistics service quality.

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Consequentialist Ethics and Accountability in Contemporary Society

Author(s): Viviana Ivlampie / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Various trends and orientations stand out from the history of ethics. Our attention focuses on three major aspects in this history, which will help us in the analysis of the decision-making process, in putting these decisions in effect and in taking accountability for the consequences of the decisional act. The perspectives under the lens are: the Aristotelian ethics of virtue, the utilitarian ethics or consequentialism, and the Kantian deontological ethics. By evaluating these types of ethics, we reach the conclusion that, confronted with the changes in the contemporary society, consequentialist ethics proves operational, both at the individual level and at the group, institutional or organisational level.

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Body Mass Determinations of Young People During the Period Between 2008-2017

Author(s): Nicoleta Leonte,Ofelia Popescu,Oroles Florescu,Teodora Wesselly / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The physical /somatic dimension, embodied in the physical autonomy and the current anatomical-functional capacity, the vitality necessary for a normal life, subscribes to the complex concept of "quality of life". In our century, the amplitude of excessive technology (mechanization and automation) and the ease of communication and travels, led to a reduction in the physical effort made by young people. All these changes have a negative impact on the physical well-being, by increasing the percentage of sedentary people and obesity. Intercountry comparable overweight and obesity estimates from 2008 show that 51.0% of the adult population (> 20 years old) in Romania were overweight and 19.1% were obese. Adulthood obesity prevalence forecasts (2010–2030) predict that in 2020, 12% of men and 9% of women will be obese. This study aims to determine the somatic mass evolution (muscle mass / adipose tissue ratio) of the students from University “Politehnica” of Bucharest by comparing the data collected in 2008 with those of 2017 and by finding the changes occurred over time. The results of the research show a positive evolution of the students’ physical development in 2017 compared to the students in 2008, by the significant increase of the muscle mass (t=4.2932, p= 0.0001). The values recorded in the adipose tissue do not display significant differences. The evolution identification of the muscle mass-adipose tissue ratio over time could highlight the effect of the educational and training process specific to the field of physical education and sport, and raising the awareness of the young people about the systematic practice of the physical activity combined with a healthy diet aims to increase the quality of life.

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Protestant Ethics and the Secularization of Vocation

Author(s): Rariţa Mihail / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Starting from the way Martin Luther relates to vocation and its wider implications for society, Max Weber will later develop an understanding of the relationship between the teachings of Protestant morality and vocation. Starting from the ethics of a specialized and ascetic profession, the carrier of a normative and responsible commitment in the world, Weber builds a personality model capable of responding to the political and intellectual challenges of his time. In this paper, I argue that the secularization of vocation, as the epiphenomenon of the disenchantment of the world, and its departure from an ethic of specific religious behavior allowed Weber to shape a portrait of the professional man as an ideal type of ethical personality, inspired by the archetypal example of the ascetic Protestant. It will be necessary to understand how vocation, as a way of articulation between ethics and conduct, generates a distinct type of man engaged in the social struggle. We have developed this thesis through an approach to the Weberian vocation concept, especially in terms of ethical and normative foundations, which implies a unique philosophical position, and I have come to the conclusion that this conceptual framework supports the modernity of the Protestant vocation.

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Money, the Alienated Power of Humanity

Author(s): Mihail Rarita / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

From a chronological point of view, the original discourse of Marx on money has been marked, first of all, by the ethical tradition that considers money as a source of corruption in human relations, and connects directly to individual vices such as the greed for money and selfishness. Thus, in the Manuscripts of 1844, Karl Marx adopted the principle of Moses Hess regarding the support to the critical issues of alienation over a certain conception of money (the distorted representation of human activity, an agent of corruption of social life and responsible for a reversal of the normal order of life). In this article, we argue that through Marx's philosophical criticism of money in his third manuscript, through his report on two literature references, he tries to prove the abstraction power specific to money. I have developed this thesis by studying in three times the way in which money generates a triple abstraction-alienation: the abstraction and alienation of the object, the alienation-abstraction of the subject, and the alienation-abstraction of the generic humankind in its entirety.

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Study Regarding the Use of Imagery in Dance

Author(s): Elena Moraru,Ileana Monica Popovici / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Dance imagery is a skill performed in our head using our five senses (sight, taste, sound, smell, and touch) to visualize a movement or several movements in dance. It is possible for us to use imagery on its own or while we are dancing. The images formed in your head may comprise real movements or both movements and objects. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the use of imagery among dancers aged between 16 and 18. The investigation consisted in the application of the questionnaire “Development of the Dance Imagery Questionnaire” (DIQ) elaborated by Nordin, S. M., & Cumming, J. (2006) for 40 dancers. The questionnaire contains 16 items, divided into four categories: technique, artistry, purpose and quality of the role and the movement. It evaluates the extent to which the subjects incorporate imagery in all aspects related to dance. After interpreting the results, for technique we obtained a mean and a standard deviation of 5.7750 ± 0.70438, for artistry 5.6438 ± 0.65017, for the category of purpose 5.7938 ± 0.53973, and for quality 5.5938 ± 0.76520. After analyzing the data and making correlations between the four categories, we obtained values of Pearson’s coefficient ranging between 0.05 and 0.01, which stands to show interdependence between the items of the categories. Consequently, it may be stated that the multiple answers to the questionnaire on the use of imagery in dance tend towards the value 6, which means that the subjects questioned used imagery in dance quite often.

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