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Crystal-Images of Leos Carax. Remarks on Boy Meets Girl and The Night Is Young in the Context of Gilles Deleuze’s Time-Image Concept

Krystaliczne obrazy Leosa Caraxa. Uwagi o Chłopak spotyka dziewczynę i Złej krwi w optyce koncepcji obrazu-czasu Gilles’a Deleuze’a

Author(s): Adam Cybulski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13 (20)/2014

Keywords: Leos Carax; Gilles Deleuze

The author of the article analyses the first two feature films of Leos Carax – Boy Meets Girl (1984) and The Night Is Young (Mauvais Sang, 1986) – in the perspective of Gilles Deleuze’s reflection on cinema. Undoubtedly, the works of both filmmaker and philosopher are linked to broadly-understood postmodern paradigm – the former’s to postmodern cinema, the latter’s to postmodern theory of cinema. Nevertheless, it is modernism (…) that formed both Carax’s style and Deleuze’s concept. The author explores the French director’s films through the most sophisticated form of time-image cinema – crystalline regime, which includes three instances of film: description, narration and story.

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Audiovisual Culture and its Subject: Technically Controlled Schizophrenic

Kultura audiowizualna i jej podmiot: kontrolowany technicznie schizofrenik

Author(s): Rafał Ilnicki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13 (20)/2014

Keywords: Audiovisual Culture

Audiovisual culture annihilates boundaries between dualisms such as nature/culture and human/machine. In that process desire is also released and it can operate across many regimes not being bound by dualisms. This is the standpoint of Gilles Deleuze’s and Felix Guattari’s philosophy which serves to develop a theory of contemporary audiovisual culture. Both thinkers postulated that a subject that is a fully incorporating being of capitalism is the schizophrenic but not considered as a form of mental illness. Rather it should be intermpreted as through his emancipatory potential. Audiovisual culture normalizes the schizophrenic subject – it no longer has the potential to overcome economical determinations. This process is established by a series of technical accelerations of being and especially of distributing audiovisual content. The schizophrenic subject by switching between them loses the need for unitary and coherent being. Audiovisual culture and its technically controlled schizophrenics is schizoculture - the state of culture where technical schizophrenization becomes the basic mode of its being.

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What constitutes a cinematic event?

Co stwarza wydarzenie filmowe?

Author(s): Wiliam Brown / Language(s): English / Issue: 13 (20)/2014

Keywords: cinematic event; cinema

Autor stawia pytanie o status wydarzenia filmowego, odwołując się do różnych koncepcji pojęcia wydarzenia wyprowadzonych z dyskusji Alaina Badiou z myślą Deleuze’a. Kreśląc dalsze możliwe teorie wydarzenia, opierając je też na pojęciu fraktali zaczerpniętym ze współczesnej fizyki, proponuje ostatecznie syntezę dwóch pierwotnych konceptów, wykazując, że zdarzenie filmowe leży być może pomiędzy myślą Badiou i Deleuze’a, a „kino w każdym momencie może ustanowić wydarzenie poprzez pozornie puste lub pełne chwile”. Artykuł zamiast podtrzymywać rozróżnienie na pojedyncze i zbiorowe rozumienie wydarzenia podpowiada trzecią drogę: filozofii „pojedynczej zbiorowości”.

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The history of the Czacki family in Volyn up to the 18th century

Dzieje rodziny Czackich na Wołyniu do XVIII wieku

Author(s): Ewa Danowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: History of Poland; Czacki’s family; Volyn; main persons of the family

The main seat of the Czacki family of the Świnka coat of arms was located in Greater Poland, in the Kościan district. The earliest noted owner of the Czacz village was, in 1352, Michał - a participant of the Greater Poland Confederacy (konfederacja wielkopolska). The most notable Czacki family members included Piotr, who became a German count of the and Andrzej - a high-ranking priest. Wojciech was the first Czacki to settle in Volyn at the beginning of the 17th century. The next recorded owners of the village were Bartłomiej and, subsequently, Aleksander. The Czacki line in Volyn begins with Wojciech Stanisław (1655-1699), Volyn ensign who took part in the battle of Chocim as a lieutenant, married to Katarzyna Zahorowska, daughter of Volyn castellan Stefan. Her dowry included the Poryck manor and the Poryck town became the Czacki family seat for several centuries. The sons of Wojciech Stanisław and Katarzyna were: royal rotmistrz (cavalry commander) Stefan Ignacy who died childless and Michał Hieronim (died 1745), Volyn castellan who married to Konstancja Wielohorska. The importance of the family increased thanks to their sons: Szczęsny (1723-1790), cupbearer of the Crown and Franciszek (1727-1787), guard of the Crown. Szczęsny was especially famous as a multiple memeber of the Sejm, interned by the Russian army for 7 years in in his manor in Poryck for his imnplaccably hostile attitude towards Russia. His older son Michał (died 1728) was a member of the Four-Year Sejm and the younger Tadeusz became famous inVolyn as the founder (in 1805) of the well-known Volhy- nian Gimnasium located in Krzemieniec.

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Main tendencies in the process of forming post-Soviet political systems

Główne tendencje w procesach kształtowania się systemów politycznych państw postradzieckich

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: democratization; transformation of political systems; hybrid regimes; post-Soviet space

The peak moment of crisis in the Soviet Union was its official dissolution in the end of 1991. All former Soviet republics were forced to face serious challenges in social and political development. The phenomena of post-communist transformation is a field of broad investigations. The article examines main common trends in the development of political systems in the post-Soviet countries. The author concludes that former USSR republics have passed period of transformation and established political regimes of a new type. It confirms a thesis about possibility of transformation of undemocratic regime into another undemocratic. Drawing prospects to further development of post-Soviet political systems, the author suggests two scenarios: “turbulent democratization” and “authoritarian remake”.

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Policies of local authorities towards Jewish cultural and educational societies in Belarus in 1905-1914

Polityka rosyjskich władz lokalnych wobec żydowskich towarzystw kulturalno-oświatowych na terytorium guberni białoruskich w latach 1905-1914

Author(s): Andrej Siarkou / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Belarusian Jews; the Russian Empire; Belarusian lands; cultural and educational movement

The 1905-1907 Revolution led to a liberalisation of Russian legislation regulating social relations. The October Manifesto as well as Provisional Rules Governing Societies and Unions led to a mass legalisation of community organisations throughout the Russian Empire. Formalisation of the wide civic movement in Belarus possessed a distinct ethnic character, where Jewish cultural and educational organisations were highly active at the time. This paper analyses the most common situations pertaining to the life of Jewish cultural and educational organisations, which drew special attention from local governments of the Russian Empire.

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The issue of environmental safety in the Arctic in Russian-Norwegian relations

Problem bezpieczeństwa ekologicznego w Arktyce w stosunkach rosyjsko-norweskich

Author(s): Paweł Letko / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Russia, Norway; Arctic; foreign policy; ecological safety; environmental protection; International Council for the Exploration of the Sea

This article is concerned with the influence of the issue of environmental safety in the Arctic on the relations between the Kingdom of Norway and the Russian Federation. Basic documents that determine the environmental protection policy of the two countries as well as the areas of the most visible bilateral collaboration (marine resources conservation in the Arctic, ensuring nuclear safety in the region, combating air pollution, eliminationof chemical weapons) have been discussed. Additionally, the actions taken by the governments in Moscow and Oslo for ensuring environmental safety in the Arctic have been analyzed.

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Special economic zones in Kaliningrad and Walbrzych: A comparative study

Specjalne strefy ekonomiczne w Wałbrzychu i Kaliningradzie: analiza porównawcza

Author(s): Ewa Woźniak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: special economic zone; Kaliningrad Oblast; Wałbrzych subregion; restructuring of the economy

Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a separate economic system that is functioning on more favorable conditions compared to the overall economy. The subject of research are SEZs located in Walbrzych and Kaliningrad Oblast. The main task was to compare selected special economic zones in terms of their similarities and differences in functioning. This comparison was based on a detailed analysis of the Walbrzych SEZ and SEZ in the Kaliningrad Oblast. Special economic zones were created as a result of changes in the system of the economy. The study compares the effects of the functioning of zones, such as the size of the investment, the number of investors and the number of jobs. There are clear differences in the functioning of SEZ’s in Walbrzych and Kaliningrad.

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Ukrainian parliamentary groupings in the context of the Georgian-Ossetian-Russian conflict of August 2008

Ukraińskie ugrupowania parlamentarne wobec konfliktu gruzińsko-osetyjsko-rosyjskiego z sierpnia 2008 roku

Author(s): Paweł Pietnoczka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Georgian-Ossetian-Russian conflict; Ukrainian parliamentary groupings; Party of Regions; Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc; Our Ukraine; Communist Party of Ukraine; Lytvyn Bloc

The aim of the article is to present the positions of Ukrainian parliamentary groupings, namely, the Party of Regions, Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc, Our Ukraine - People’s Self-Defence Bloc, the Communist Party of Ukraine and the Lytvyn Bloc, on the 2008 conflict regarding South Ossetia. The analysis of statements issued by parliamentary factions, political parties and individual politicians allowed to conclude that the political forces which took the Russian side during the Caucasus crisis were the Communist Party of Ukraine and the Party of Regions. A different stance was adopted by the pro-presidential Our Ukraine, which, similarly to Viktor Yushchenko, expressed support for the territorial integrity of Georgia and strongly criticized Russia’s actions against Georgia. As for Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc and the Lytvyn Bloc, they both tried to avoid expressing clear support for either side of the conflict.

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When the state is shirking: Informal solutions for social services provision in Altai villages

Author(s): Alexandr Kurakin / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: rural Russia; Altai Krai; gift; rural communities; informal economy; social sector; rural policy

The article contributes to the discussion on the informal economic activity in postsocialist countries. Quite often this activity is related to state regulation. We provide evidence from rural Russia suggesting that state shirking also can give rise to informal economic relations. Empirical data from Altai Krai show that informal transfers from farms to rural municipalities are used to provide rural social sector. Despite the collapse of socialist agricultural system, when rural communities existed under patronage of collective farms, substantial part of the privately owned post-Soviet farms still donate to rural municipalities and population. The article is based on the fieldwork conducted in Altai Krai in 2013 when qualitative data (informal interviews, group discussions, observations) were collected by the author and his colleagues. Gift-giving relations between agricultural producers and municipalities could be described as “natural” bottom-up pattern. We perceive these Soviet-style giftgiving relations as the way to mitigate the weaknesses both of the Russian state rural policy as well as market self-regulation mechanism. Despite it could slow down economic performance of farms, it is the way to prevent rural degradation and depopulation.

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The threats of the European integration process in political, social and identity terms

Zagrożenia procesu integracji europejskiej w ujęciu politycznym, społecznym i tożsamościowym

Author(s): Sławomir Niedźwiecki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: social identity; European Union; European integration, euroscepticism

The aim of this article is to present the threats that are related to process of European integration. These are not external threats, however, but factors which appear inside the united Europe. The article intends to analyze these elements on two surfaces. The first one are the factors which have a negative impact on the success of European integration process i.e. disintegrating factors or conceptions of “multi-speed Europe”. The second surface are factors which threaten the EU member states such as the loss of a national identity for some bigger entity like a European nation or society.

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Authorship in cinema: The problem of self-realization

Авторство в кіно: проблема самореалізації

Author(s): Galyna Pogrebniak / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: copyright film; director; outlook; personality; self-realization

The article deals with the phenomenon of authorship in Ukrainian cinema, its ideological principles, creative guidelines. The researcher examines young Ukrainian film directors, their relevance, figurative composition, expressive means. In this article the authors analyze the modern interpretation of essential traits of such notions, as “outlook”, “harmony”, “person”, “self-realization”, “spirituality”. While working on the subject, author used the methods of scientific analysis, synthesis, comparison.The researcher concludes that Ukrainian artists who position themselves as writers sometimes substitute possession craft, complicating cinematic language, while only simulating experiment as a sign of creative authorship. The article expresses the belief that the modern Ukrainian cinema is a significant creative potential realization of the author’s identity.

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Apology of the Orthodox Clergy in the Prison Notes of P V Verkhovsky (1922)

Апология православного духовенства в тюремных записках П.В. Верховского 1922 г

Author(s): Yuliya Aleksandrovna Biryukova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: P. V. Verkhovsky; Russian Orthodox Church; relations between the church and the state; political convictions of clergy; biographical notes

The article studies the prison notes of P. V. Verkhovsky, the famous public figure, the historian and the expert of the law. Verkhovsky took these notes in 1922 after he had been arrested and accused of counterrevolutionary activity. The notes speak volumes about theatti- tude of the Russian Orthodox clergy toward events of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the following Civil war. Verkhovsky is defending clergy, demonstrating that their participation in counterrevolutionary activity contradicts their purposes “job description”. Assuring the absolute loyalty to the Soviet regime, Verkhovsky conceals about his ownanti-Soviet position during the Civil war, when he was opposing to the Bolsheviks policy.

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Linguoculturology in Russia: pros and cons

Лингвокультурология в России: «за» и «против

Author(s): Anna Pavlova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Russian linguistics; linguistic culturology; language world picture; ethnic stereotypes, concept; national character / mentality

The paper deals with the critical analysis of the Russian linguistic culturology based on the idea that the national language is the source of data on Culture and of thin “mentality” of the people speaking this language. Here many possibilities for the scientific research of different connections between “culture” and “language” are proposed. These “links” should be regarded in the discourse with the consideration of its historical and social aspects, and not in the “language” as a system of words.

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Metropolitan of Moscow Philaret (Drozdov) and the Anglican-Orthodox interaction: from the history of the interconfessional connections

Митрополит Филарет и англикано-православный диалог: к истории межконфессиональных связей

Author(s): Irina Smirnova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: The Sacred Governing Synod; the Anglican Church; Interconfessional Connections; Protestantism, Missionary Work

The development of the interconfessional communications between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Anglican Church is tracked. The evolution of the confessional relations is investigated on the example of contacts of the British missionaries, theologians, historians, politicians with the Metropolitan of Moscow Philaret (Drozdov; 1782-1867), who played a key role in the Church diplomacy of XIX с. For the 10-60th of the XIX century with his participation the main criteria of Orthodox and Anglican intercommunion were formulated, activity of the Russian foreign clergy with the representatives of English and American Anglican Churches was coordinated. Studying of interconfessional communications was carried out on the basis of new archival materials, taking into account a factor of foreign policy of the great powers in the Near and Far East. The research of the historical experience of the contacts of the Russian Orthodox Church with the Church of England and the American Episcopal Church is of special interest for understanding of processes of formation of the religious relations in the modern world.

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Discovering the enemy. About the attitude towards Poland in certain Russian and Belarusian movies and TV series concerning World War II

Открытие врага. O некоторых современных «польских» художественных фильмах, а также о российских и белорусских сериалах, посвященных второй мировой войне

Author(s): Wojciech Kajtoch / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: war movie; Russia; Soviet Union; World War II; Home Army; national stereotypes

Movies create, among others, historical stereotypes. In USSR the presentation of Polish-Soviet relations during World War II was subjected to propaganda reasons. The USSR created its image as the liberator of Europe, concealing the alliance with Germany in 1939. In Soviet movies, Polish Home Army and government-in-exile were shown as pro-German organizations. Polish threads in contemporary Russian movies and TV series, analyzed in the article, seem to justify the hypothesis, that in the years 2005-2010 a chance to change the view of Russian-Polish relations during World War II appeared in Russia. Once the barriers which prevented Russians from learning about the most important facts were gone, the foundations for further exploration of the Polish theme were created. This can result in dissemination of basic knowledge, which is essential for establishing normal Russian-Polish relations.

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The political propaganda in the modern Russian mass media

Политическая пропаганда в современных российских СМИ: эпистемологический аспект

Author(s): Aleksander Kiklewicz / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: propaganda; mass media; politics, Russia; epistemology of communicative activity; visual signs; persuasivity

The article is devoted to the forms and the ways of semantic representation in the media texts, in the first place in television and internet. The author examines the concepts of information and interpretation as directly related to the category of value and the category of subjectivity. The article - in a critical light - shows and analyzes the methods of preparation of information as a means of persuasive influence of modern Russian journalism. This phenomenon is considered in the light of the concept of mediation.

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PROSPECTS OF MUSEUMIFICATION OF A FACTORY VILLAGE OF THE PERIOD OF THE RUSSIAN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ МУЗЕЕФИКАЦИИ ФАБРИЧНОГО ПОСЕЛКА ЭПОЧИ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ПЕРЕВОРОТА В РОССИИ

Author(s): Kirill Evgenievich Baldin / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 5-6/2015

Keywords: industrial revolution in Russia; factory village; museum; sightseeing tours; animation;

The article is devoted to industrial villages which existed in Russia in the late 19th – the early 20th century. They were a special form of industrial settlements, widely spread in the Central industrial region of Russia including Vladimir and Kostroma provinces. Yuzha was one of those settlements; now it is a district center of Ivanovo oblast. The main elements of the pre-revolutionary industrial and sociocultural infrastructure are well preserved here. The author examines the “museumification” prospects of this historical complex consisting of factory buildings, hospitals, schools, clubs and other objects. The article describes the first steps of the museum exhibitions creation reconstructing the life of a typical industrial village more than a hundred years ago.

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IN SEARCH OF A METHOD: EXCURSIONS INTO INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES OF PETROGRAD-LENINGRAD IN THE 1920S.

В ПОИСКАХ МЕТОДА: ЭКСКУРСИИ НА ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫЕ ОББЕКТЫ ПЕТРОГРАДА-ЛЕНИНГРАДА В 1920-Е ГОДЫ

Author(s): N.A. Berezina / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 5-6/2015

Keywords: industrial excursion; Petrograd; Leningrad; methodology of excursion; cultural and educational work;

The article considers the methodologies of excursions into factories and plants, as well as other industrial facilities of Petrograd-Leningrad. The author notes that the heads of "the cultural front" and the methodologists of excursion activities had emphasized the special importance of technical visits for school and out-of-school education. However, in the 1920s such excursions were among the most difficult types of excursions both for perception and for organization.

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RELIGIOUS ASPECTS OF SAKHALIN MENTALITY

РЕЛИГИОЗНАЯ СТОРОНА САХАЛИНСКОЙ МЕНТАЛЬНОСТИ

Author(s): K.M. Tovbin / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 5-6/2015

Keywords: Sakhalin; tradition; traditional spirituality; confession; Orthodoxy; Catholicism; Protestantism; new religious movements; community;

On the basis of the methodology of the traditionalist school the author analyzes the religious component of Sakhalin mentality. The confessions, composing the spiritual field of Sakhalin region, for convenience can be divided into traditional, traditionally-oriented and innovatory (in their turn they can be divided into modernist and post-modernist). The traditional confessions realize mental penetration into the living environment. The modernist ones, on the other hand, have a propensity to escaping from this penetration; the post-modernist confessions move to the virtual space rich in an illusory semiotic content substituting the ontological analogs. The Sakhalin religious organizations are approximately divided into these categories. On the base of this classification, generalizing his own experience of theoretical and practical studies, the author builds a specific vision of Sakhalin mentality and concludes about the spiritual condition and the possibilities of the future development of Sakhalin.

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