Love and Social Norms

Любов и социални норми

Author(s): Albena Vacheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 16/2015

Article is a theoretical attempt to explore the relationships between sexes in Bulgaria in the period between two world wars. Transformations in Bulgarian society, closely connected to the more visible women’s presence in social publicity, provoked a lot of topics and motives in Bulgarian literature, written by women. Emancipation, access to university education, women’s rights to work and career are among the key problems in works of Maria Grubeshlieva, Anna Karima, Sanda Yovcheva, Fani Popova- Mutafova. New social conditions posed a question of woman, who loves and fights for her love. This became a basis for many subjects in Bulgarian interwar literature in which the love is seen as a part of complicated code of changing ethical codex of modern society. Many literary works interprets in philosophical and ethical key the questions of maternity, marriage, prostitution, women’s right of work and independent life. These topics are part of directly orientated through the women’s problems literature, whose ethical and social features are object of analysis.

Love (as) a Disease

Любовта (като) болест

Author(s): Tatiana Ichevska / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 16/2015

The present text is focused on some love scenes in new Bulgarian literature (in the very period that starts with A. Strashimirov and ends with D. Dimov), shown as extreemely strong ones, and that transfoms the love itself into a kind of a disease that on its turn causes psychical and phisical degradation of the human being.

Love and Death in the Novel „Autopsy of a Love Affair“ by Viktor Paskov

Любов и смърт в романа на Виктор Пасков „Аутопсия на една любов“

Author(s): Ivan Stoykov Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 16/2015

The love and the death are presented through the eyes of a fictitious character Charlie, who experienced the drama of alienation and the unachieved durability of feelings scattered in the wild sex and the virtuosic inspiration from the music. The hero is experiencing the dynamics of a globalized world, but also the trauma of eternally lurking threat of the death.

The Struggle for Dominance between the Sexes in Search of Identity in the Plays of Pinter

Борбата за доминация между половете в търсене на идентичност в пиесите на Пинтър

Author(s): Stoyan Georgiev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 16/2015

“Harold Pinter’s Dramaturgy and Its Perception in Bulgaria” by Stoyan Georgiev is a doctoral dissertation, registered at the Institute of Literature at the Bulgarian Academy of Science. The third chapter, from which is the offered here fragment, is under the title: “Functions of deception in Pinter’s plays”. Deception can be revealed in all meaningful and structural levels in his works. One of these levels is the level of the characters, whose most distinct feature is that they lie as they breathe, because the nice and interesting lie is a necessity for them, a real art, which they enhance all the time. Although it looks like a paradox from the first sight, deception determines the composition of most Pinter’s plays as well. Some of them are called by critics “traps” not by accident. Language has lost its communicative abilities and thus has betrayed its true purpose. It is incapable of carrying meaning, has become not up to par and is an object of disintegration.

JUVENILE JUSTICE – PROCEDURAL GUARANTEES FOR CHILD OFFENDERS

JUVENILE JUSTICE – PROCEDURAL GUARANTEES FOR CHILD OFFENDERS

Author(s): Nevena Vučković Šahović,Ines Cerović / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

Keywords: children; conflict; criminal responsability; criminal proceedings; offenders

Juvenile justice is the field of children’s rights extensively covered in international documents. It is obviously a very sensitive field where child rights violations are numerous, where violence in the course of proceedings and while in penitentiary institutions is amply proven, and where the response is not always child-friendly and does not always favor individual child development. It is moreover a domain where the State exerts force in response to child behavior contrary to the criminal law and where State’s interference also represses non-criminal behavior, such as actions which would not come under law if committed by an adult (status offences): running away from home, breaking disciplinary rules, breaking curfews or rude behavior. Juvenile justice accounts for violations of children’s rights at the arrest phase, in administrative detention, during the judicial proceedings, in the execution of judiciary sentences, but also in institutional care.

CHILD-FRIENDLY LEGAL AID IN CIVIL COURT PROCEEDINGS: International standards and the circumstances in the Republic of Serbia

CHILD-FRIENDLY LEGAL AID IN CIVIL COURT PROCEEDINGS: International standards and the circumstances in the Republic of Serbia

Author(s): Nevena Petrušić / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

Keywords: right of the child; right to a fair trial; child-friendly legal aid; civil procedure

The paper discusses international standards on the provision of legal assistance to children in civil and administrative proceedings in the context of the contemporary concept of child-friendly justice. The author critically analyzes the national legal provisions on legal assistance to children, which provide for the implementation of constitutional norms on the right to access to justice and the right to a fair trial. As children are fully entitled to these rights, the author underscores the need to establish an effective and sustainable national system of child-friendly legal aid.

CHILD PROTECTION AND PARENT SUPPORT: THE TWO DICHOTOMIES

CHILD PROTECTION AND PARENT SUPPORT: THE TWO DICHOTOMIES

Author(s): Dejan Janićijević / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

Keywords: child protection; child welfare; social work; risk; mistakes

This paper examines the two basic models of the state authorities’ intervention into family life aimed at protecting children. The first model focuses on child protection; the second one focuses on child welfare or family support. The author analyses the differences and tensions that arise between the proponents of these two concepts, resulting in different styles ofconceiving professional social work. Further on, the author elaborates on two different approaches towards mistakes and risks accompanying social work, involving the concept of risk avoidance and the concept of risk taking. Finally, the author observes the interconnectivity between the analyzed concepts.

Love as Self-Identification in the Novel of Konstantin Konstantinov „Blood“

Любовта като себеидентификация в романа на Константин Константинов „Кръв“

Author(s): Kristina Teodosieva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 16/2015

In the literary world, the force of love jumps over the limits of reality, transforms the characters and surpasses impassable borders. One of it's manifestations is the ability of the individual to identify oneself with a desired person. An example of this kind of transformation is the main heroine of Konstantin Konstantinov's novel “Blood". She changes her initial image diametrically, trying to attain her lover's qualities, thoughts and desires as her own. Thus, by following her path, we can serve processes characteristic to the realms of art as well as to the real psychological life of the individual. However, when artistically recreated they are much more sharply outlined and indicative of the identification process.

THE POTENTIALS OF THE SO-CALLED “MARIJA’S LAW” IN COMBATING PEDOPHILIA

THE POTENTIALS OF THE SO-CALLED “MARIJA’S LAW” IN COMBATING PEDOPHILIA

Author(s): Emir Ćorović / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

Keywords: minors; crimes against sexual freedom; "Marija’s law"

Sexually based offenses, especially those of a pedophilic character, are of great interest to the overall professional and unprofessional public. For some time in the public discourse, there have been attitudes and demands that perpetrators of these crimes receive more severe punishments and other criminal measures. The National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia in 2013 passed the Law on special measures to prevent the perpetration of crimes against the sexual freedom of juveniles, which is colloquially known as Marija’s Law, receiving its name from the minor victim of rape and subsequent death. Through this was established a special criminal justice regime in relation to sexual offenders of a pedophilic orientation. As the characteristics of Marija’s Law may be cited as the introduction of special measures and special records intended for the perpetrators of these crimes. In addition, this Law excludes both in part the modified application of some general criminal law institutes in relation to sexual offenders and those that provide corresponding benefits to offenders of criminal acts.

Literature and the Fragmentasized World

Литературата и фрагментаризираният свят

Author(s): Ina Hristova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 16/2015

Book review: Ани Бурова. Литературата и фрагментаризираният свят. София: „Парадигма“ и „Бохемия клуб“, 2014

THE ROLE OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN EXERCISING AND PROTECTING CHILDREN’S RIGHTS: The Experience of the City of Kragujevac

THE ROLE OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN EXERCISING AND PROTECTING CHILDREN’S RIGHTS: The Experience of the City of Kragujevac

Author(s): Anika Jakovljević / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

Keywords: Children’s rights; the City Administration for Health and Social Care; the Center for Social Care "Solidarnost"; the Ombudsman

As an epicenter of democracy and protection of citizens’ rights in the field of local government, local authorities have a primary role in exercising and protecting the rights of children. As local government authorities are the most significant stakeholders in this area at the local level, this paper analyzes the role of the following local government bodies in the context of the City of Kragujevac: the City Administration for Health and Social Care, the Center for Social Care “Solidarnost,” and the Ombudsman. The activities of the local authorities are numerous and diverse, and they are significantly aggravated in practice by the imprecise delimitation of their responsibilities from the central authorities. However, these institutions are indispensable regarding the protection of children’s rights, providing support to both the child and the family in order to improve and preserve their quality of life, to remove or alleviate the risks of adverse life circumstances, as well as to enable them to become autonomous subjects within the society.

The Five Cases –- Sheltering in the Culture Freud

„5-те случая“ – приютяване в „културата Фройд“

Author(s): Rositsa Chernokozheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 16/2015

Books review: 1: Дора. Фрагмент от анализата на един случай на хистерия. Превод от немски Теодора Карамелска. „КХ – Критика и Хуманизъм“ и „Стигмати“, С., 2009. 2: Човекът плъх. Бележки относно един случай на натраплива невроза. Превод от немски Нина Николова и Светла Маринова. „КХ – Критика и Хуманизъм“ и „Стигмати“, С., 2010. 3: Малкият Ханс. Анализ на фобията на едно петгодишно дете. Превод от немски Теодора Карамелска. „КХ – Критика и Хуманизъм“ и „Стигмати“, С., 2011. 4: Председателят Шребер. Психоаналитични бележки върху един автобиографично описан случай на параноя. Превод от немски Анета Иванова и Владимир Теохаров под ред. на Нина Николова. „КХ – Критика и Хуманизъм“ и „Стигмати“, С., 2012. 5: Човекът вълк. Из историята на една инфантилна невроза. Допълнение от Рут Мак Брънзуик. Превод от немски Светла Маринова, превод от английски Антоанета Колева. „КХ – Критика и Хуманизъм“ и „Стигмати“, С., 2013.

LEISURE TIME AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

LEISURE TIME AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

Author(s): Filip Mirić / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

Keywords: juveniles; juvenile delinquency; leisure time

In this paper, the author analyzes the impact of leisure time on the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. Drawing attention to the fact that unstructured and inappropriate use of juveniles’ spare time may result in unlawful conduct, the author emphasizes the importance of efficient planning and well-structured use of one’s leisure time as a means of preventing juvenile delinquency and combating juvenile crime. It is, therefore, essential to occupy young people in their spare time with useful contents, educational, recreational, creative and other forms of “active relaxation” which will have a positive impact on the prevention of their delinquent behavior. These factors should be taken into account when designing the criminal policy and prevention measures for combating juvenile crime.

Fundamental Work about Knowledge of Bulgaria

Фундаментален труд за българознанието

Author(s): Hristo Manolakev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 16/2015

Book review: Камен Михайлов „Български/булгарски образи в рускоезична среда“. София, ТАНГРА ТанНакРа, 2014.

„The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas,“ John Boyne

„Момчето с раираната пижама“, Джон Бойн

Author(s): Irina Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 16/2015

Book review: Джон Бойн, „Момчето с раираната пижама“, София, Intense, 2009

THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD (in Serbian)

THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD (in Serbian)

Author(s): Filip Mirić / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

The textbook The Rights of the Child, co-authored by Prof. dr Nevena Vučković Šahović and Prof. dr Nevena Petrušić, aims to provide a systematic and comprehensive insight into the corpus of children's rights in both international and national legislation. The authors examine children's rights in the context of human rights, pointing to their specific character. The authors indicate that the issues pertaining to the protection of the rights of the child must be given special attention, particularly in terms of envisaging efficient and effective legal mechanisms for the full implementation of ratified international legal documents in this field.

To Tame the Time

Да опитомиш времето

Author(s): Vladimir Ignatov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 16/2015

Book review: Надежда Стоянова, Възходът на слънчогледите. Българската литература от 20-те и 30-те години на XX век: опити с времето, Университетско издателство „Св. Климент Охридски“, София, 2015

STATUS OF EXPERTS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

STATUS OF EXPERTS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

Author(s): Željko Nikač,Nikola Aritonović / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

Keywords: criminal procedure; an expert; expert advisor; specialist; forensics

The growing use of forensic science in criminalistics resulted, in practice, in the need that the parties in criminal procedure, particularly the defendant and the injured party (acting as a prosecutor), increasingly hire experts as consultants. With the introduction of the concept of prosecutorial and police investigations in criminal procedure in the Republic of Serbia, it is evident that assistance based on the knowledge from different fields and disciplines of science, technology, arts or crafts is essential to the public prosecutor. There is also no doubt that the subsidiary prosecutor, defense counsel and the defendant increasingly needed such assistance. The amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code introduced the concept of an expert advisor. Modeled after similar solutions in comparative law, the expert advisor has wider options when it comes to helping the parties in the proceedings. Participation of expert advisors can realistically contribute to the quality of professional expertise in court proceedings, in order not to miss important details relevant to the proceedings as a whole. In this paper, the authors deal with the status of experts in criminal proceedings in the Republic of Serbia. The form and content of their expert assistance deserves further analytical analysis and critical examination.

THE ROLE OF THE MILITARIES IN FIGHTING MODERN TERRORISM

THE ROLE OF THE MILITARIES IN FIGHTING MODERN TERRORISM

Author(s): Zoran Jovanovski,Gjorgji Veljovski / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

Keywords: military; terrorism; insurgency; society; Western democracy

It is obvious that the Western democracies’ war on global terror will be long and hard. Internal security forces simply do not have the capacities and capabilities to deal with the new kind of terrorism, which is yet to use military tactics and urban guerrilla warfare. Recent developments in Paris, France, can be seen as the beginning of a new paradigm in European security. Whereas thus far the European militaries have acted outside their countries, now the governments are reconsidering the possibility of their active involvement in the domestic security. In certain circumstances and political climate, the effects of using the military are positive, but it may have a harmful effect in adverse political and social conditions. If applied in certain circumstances and conditions in a given society, it can have negative consequences on further internal political relations because it can limit the rights and freedoms of the citizens, it can cause an escalation of the conflict, and even encourage a new generation of terrorists. This paper reevaluates the consequences of deploying the militaries in the fight against terrorism and its effects on the military, the terrorists and the civilian population. There has always been a balance between freedom and security but, if Western democracies begin to militarize their politics, it means that the terrorists are slowly achieving their goal.

ACADEMIC BUSINESS INCUBATORS AS AN INSTITUTIONAL FORM OF ACADEMIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND

ACADEMIC BUSINESS INCUBATORS AS AN INSTITUTIONAL FORM OF ACADEMIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND

Author(s): Łukasz Siemieniuk / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Academic Business Incubators; academic entrepreneurship; Poland

The Academic Business Incubators are a significant investment in the development of academic entrepreneurship in Poland. They put the emphasis especially on local development. They are the driving force and a source of motivation to take up new challenges for young people. They allow ambitious people to combine their theoretical knowledge acquired during their studies with practical knowledge. Thanks to the Academic Entrepreneurship Incubators, young people become professionals in their actions. Their acquired skills, knowledge, physical, moral and mental characteristics are an excellent basis for the development of their business. The aim of the paper is to discuss the essence of academic entrepreneurship and present issues of the Academic Business Incubators functioning as an institutional form of academic entrepreneurship development in Poland. The research methodology is an analysis of the literature of the subject within the scope of academic entrepreneurship and analysis of documentation on the practical aspects of the Academic Business Incubators in Poland.