Notes on plans for a monastery of culture based on research on artistic radio communication

Przyczynek do planu klasztoru kultury na podstawie badań radiowych przekazów artystycznych

Author(s): Elżbieta Pleszkun-Olejniczakowa / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: radio studies; culture; anthropology; technology; listeners

The title of this article treats the monastery as a cultural figure. Part of a monastery complex’s overall design plans are sketches of small chambers, corresponding to artistic radio works. In beginning of the article, I sketch out the scope of my research, discuss its main points, and review my basic assumptions in this radio studies topic area, which arose from an examination of artistic radio communication. Following my conviction that this scientific discipline requires a broad interdisciplinary background, the first part of the article consists of research in artistic radio studies and on culture through a newly defined humanities. The second part of the article covers the basic elements that should be included in this sub-discipline. All of these (to the extent possible in the case of this medium) are shown over a long-term horizon; I focus on explaining the following questions and issues: how should we attempt to answer questions about the status of the audience (e.g. whether radio listeners can be seen as a cultural group); what insights can be gained into the development of technology and its influence on artistic radio works, as well as the continuous increase in the potential of the “acoustic kitchen”, which is important for broadcasters. I also try to demonstrate the impact of artistic radio-communications on changes in culture as a whole.

The feature in radio – the elusiveness of the determinant genre’s features. Notes on the Prix Europa Festival in the years 2013 and 2014 in the context of literary genetics

„Feature” w radiu – wymykanie się wyznacznikom gatunku. Uwagi genologiczne po festiwalu Prix Europa w latach 2012 i 2013

Author(s): Joanna Bachura-Wojtasik,Kinga Klimczak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: feature; artistic radio; Prix Europa Festival

The goal of the article is to answer the question: what do radio broadcasters in the west understand to be a ‘feature’? A lack of clarity in terminology in this respect was especially visible during the Prix Europa 2012 and 2013 festivals. The article begins with an outline of the term ‘feature’, followed by discussion of relevant festival categories, and ending with a presentation of several selected audio examples that indicate both the characteristics of the genre and cases where in spite of divergences from these qualities, the term ‘feature’ continues to function.

The "feature" in the West. The case of the American work My Lobotomy

Zachodni ‘feature’ radiowy na przykładzie amerykańskiej audycji „My Lobotomy”

Author(s): Natalia Kowalska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: radio; feature; radio documentary

The article consists of two parts. In the first, I analyse the relations between reportage and the feature. There are differences in the definitions of the two genres, in statements by researchers, and in the Polish and western European understanding of the feature and reportage. The main element in Polish radio documentaries is authenticity, while in the feature truth is mixed with fiction. An example of work with a mix of authentic characters and fiction is My Lobotomy by Dave Isay and Piya Kochher. In second part of the article, I focus on an analysis of this American feature. In my opinion, the most interesting aspect is the relation between the authentic, spontaneous reactions of the main characters and the narrative parts, which are read.

Persuasive techniques in broadcast journalism texts illustrated with an example from “Fakty RMF FM” Radio News Programmes (June–August 2013)

Techniki perswazyjne w radiowych tekstach dziennikarskich na przykładzie serwisów informacyjnych „Fakty RMF FM” (czerwiec–sierpień 2013)

Author(s): Maciej Sergiusz Piotrkowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: radio station; news; persuasion

The author analyses the role of the radio news bulletin, based on the example of “Fakty” on the RMF FM radio station. In this, he uses the theory of persuasive techniques researched by M. Gajlewicz; however, he also takes into account linguistic aspects of the communication and modern rhetoric understood as effective persuading. The purpose of the article is to prove that radio news on a commercial radio station is not actually just “pure” information; a neutral informative style is consequently displaced by the rhetorical style, full of intentionally used linguistic mechanisms, to make the information more persuasive.

Radio Four and Radio Eska with a vision, that is, how radio is teaming up with television

Czwórka i Eska z wizją, czyli o tym, jak radio łączy się z telewizją

Author(s): Monika Baran / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: media convergence; syncretism; audiovisual experiences; Radio Eska; Radio Four Polish Station

The era of digitization has led to a shift in radio from a strictly audial character toward audio-visual experiences. This article aims to characterize the transmedia actions performed by the Radio Four Polish Station and Radio Eska. In the cases described, a convergence has been carried out on the technological level which allows for information to be transmitted more succinctly. Yet, it is still characterized by its ephemeral and linear nature, which remains a unique feature of traditional media. The article presupposes that the television medium is not flexible and autonomic enough towards time and space to dominate radio broadcasting.

The condition of Polish autobiographical documentaries – more similar to a reality show?

Kondycja polskiego dokumentu autobiograficznego – zwrot w kierunku reality show?

Author(s): Bogumiła Fiołek-Lubczyńska,Agnieszka Barczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: film; film of fact; reality show

The autobiographical documentary has a number of elements that resemble those of a reality show. Such documentaries can be considered a response by young directors to this TV genre and its celebration of voyeurism. The purpose of this article is to outline the similarities and differences between these two genres. The article consists of four parts: the first discusses the essence of the autobiographical documentary, the second focuses on the reality show, the third analyses the movie Moje dwadzieścia okrążeń by Łukasz Konopa, and the fourth is a summary of the considerations made in the text.

Rhetorical strategies and the ethics of journalism. Analysis of selected interviews conducted by Tomasz Lis, Monika Olejnik and Jacek Żakowski

Strategie argumentacji nierzeczowej a etyka dziennikarska. Analiza wybranych wywiadów z politykami przeprowadzonych przez Tomasza Lisa, Monikę Olejnik i Jacka Żakowskiego

Author(s): Anna Goc / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: rhetoric; press interview; journalism ethics

The aim of this paper is to discuss selected rhetorical strategies applied by journalists during television interviews, as well as to consider whether they demonstrate the professional skills of journalists, or if they should be treated as examples of violating journalistic ethics and standards. The following three interviews have been analyzed in this paper: of Tomasz Lis (with Lech Wałęsa), Monika Olejnik (with Jacek Kurski) and Jacek Żakowski (with Leszek Miller). The author presents the rhetorical strategies used by the journalists and concludes that – as strategies involving the prevention of interlocutors from speaking and presenting their views, misinterpretation of information and journalists’ malevolence – they should be considered incompatible with the ethics of journalism.

Historical topics in regional television: Biała broń and Rekwizyty historii by Piotr Słowikowski in TVP Łódź

Tematyka historyczna w telewizji regionalnej: Biała broń i Rekwizyty historii Piotra Słowikowskiego w TVP Łódź

Author(s): Agnieszka Barczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: television; history; culture

One of the primary tasks of local (but also regional) media is “to promote the local culture”. Analysis of two cycles of historical programmes produced by TVP Łódź by Piotr Słowikowski, Biała broń (1986) and Rekwizyty historii (1994–1999) shows that regional television programs are exceeding the limits of locality, both at the level of content (in their presentation of Polish material culture and traces of history) and implementation (documentation and shooting took place outside the province of Lodz). These programmes can be seen as an attempt by regional television to contravene local parochialism.

From “the good of Poland” to “the tasks of Tusk” – post-election editorials in national newspapers in the years 1989–2011

Od „dobra Polski” do „zadania Tuska” – tużpowyborcze komentarze redakcyjne w ogólnopolskiej prasie codziennej w latach 1989–2011

Author(s): Monika Worsowicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: editorial; newspapers; parliamentary election

The article analyses a collection of 52 editorials published in 19 national journals between 1989 and 2011 directly following general elections. The purpose was to establish how an editorial in the Polish daily press of that time evolved, if it was a form used by editors to make official statements about important social events, how the relationship between texts’ functions were shaped, and how this affected the meaning content of published material. It was established that at first editorials highlighted the fundamental significance of the results of general elections for the creation of a new political and social order in Poland and emphasized the obligation this imposed on both voters and those seeking election. In the mid-1990s, authors regarded the act of voting as an important and proven tool for putting public life in order that did not always serve its purpose. In the 21st century, publicists were more inclined to perceive the mechanisms of democracy through a personal dimension. The editorial gradually drifted away from being a text which focused on the election and participation in it as exceptional and seminal. It started to become a collection of the author’s personal evaluations and of conclusive opinions on the current political situation. Not lacking in judgmental statements, it was meant to provide an understanding of a situation rather than to urge to a specific action. Commentators evaluated the outcome of each election, referring to detailed issues, such as turnout, the potential, anticipated difficulties the winner of an election would face, and the factors that would determine the outcome. The anticipation of upcoming events remained an essential feature of the editorial; authors, however, gradually retreated from advising politicians on specific solutions.

Figures, data and statistics in on-line journalism

Liczby, dane i statystyki w dziennikarstwie internetowym

Author(s): Przemysław Szews / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: data journalism; datatainment; infographics; new media

In today’s era, in which visual communication and multimedia dominate, a direct result of this has been the development of genres based on the visual transfer of information. The visualisation of information connects the communicative goals of a journalist with the reader’s expectations. Infographics, which combine a graphic representation of information with an understandable, dynamic and updated form of presentation is becoming a crucial form of informative discourse. This form can be an element that enriches a text, but it can also function as an autonomous journalistic genre, with its own categories and varieties. Data journalism, i.e., journalism based on figures and statistics, is very closely connected with infographics; its aim is the collecting, filtering and interpreting of data (e.g. by means of infographics). Thus, the skill of storing data is becoming very important in a journalist’s work, comparably important to interpretation and presentation. Figures, percentages and statistics are significant sources of information, as well as means of telling and creating a story. They may also be used as a source of entertainment and a means of engaging the reader; the phenomenon of “datatainment” (derived from sport), meaning the use of data for the sake of provoking a reader’s interaction, provides proof of this.

„Parallax” e-zin image – characteristic, identi cation and brand building

Wizerunek e-zinu „Parallax” – charakterystyka, identyfikacja, budowanie marki

Author(s): Urszula Wich-Szymczak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: internet; hypertext; e-zine; image; logo; typography

The article discusses image development in “Parallax” (an internet magazine devoted to computer games), with a special focus on aspects of visual identification. The article presents the characteristics of “Parallax”, the stages of building its image, and the building of the brand, with special attention paid to issues such as the design of name, logo, typography, and the selection of the appropriate color. The aim of the study is to demonstrate how conscious image building affects perceptions of the e-zine. Thanks to developments in interactivity, the mass media communication model is changing. The engagement of the sender and receiver provides clues for the proper functioning of this new-born journalism type, which is a key contributor that is rapidly gaining importance in relation to traditional media types. The author reveals plans to increase the contribution of graphic, visual aspects in internet media models when comparing them to “paper” media, which often seems to be underestimated by publishers and explains its importance for identity creation in internet media.

Andrzej Turski (1943–2013)

Andrzej Turski (1943–2013)

Author(s): Izabela Pogracka-Michalak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

Death and Transformation in William Butler Yeats’ Drama

Śmierć i przemiana w dramatach Williama Butlera Yeatsa

Author(s): Ewa Wąchocka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: W.B. Yeats; Irish drama; Celtic revival; C.G Jung

The article analyses the motifs of faith, sacrifice and transcendence as well as a variety of methods in which they are represented in the dramatic works of W.B. Yeats. The article also tackles the difficult theme of creating national myths through dramatic and political activity that Yeats was so keen to engage with. Additionally, Wąchocka discusses the mythological imagination in Yeats’s drama in the context of the Celtic mythological tradition, pointing to how certain motifs and subjects (especially lives of gods and heroes) find their way into his plays. Wąchocka pays particular attention to the irrational, subconscious elements in Yeats’s work, identifying a variety of traditions he was drawing his inspiration from. The article also discusses the topic of reincarnation, and the theme of return to life of Yeats’s heroes, and interprets images and symbols used to represent them.

A haunting presence: William Butler Yeats’s Swift myth in “The Words upon the Window-Pane”

A haunting presence: William Butler Yeats’s Swift myth in “The Words upon the Window-Pane”

Author(s): Emanuela Zirzotti / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: William Butler Yeats; Jonathan Swift; Irish drama

Casimir Markievicz’s Irish Drama: anti-imperialism and the avant-garde in Dublin

Irlandzki dramat Casimira Markiewicza: anty-imperializm i awangarda w Dublinie

Author(s): Laurence Arrington / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: Irish drama; Celtic Revival; Casimir Markievicz; Constance Gore Booth

The article traces the lives of the daughter of the landed class in the West of Ireland, Constance Gore Booth and a son of a Polish aristocratic family, Casimir Markievicz. She, the future Irish revolutionary, he a painter and playwright, through marriage and fruitful collaboration, managed for a period of time to mingle politics and art as well as the political and historical experiences of the Polish and Irish nations. The article traces these mutual interconnections, by looking at a number of plays and paintings by Casimir Markievicz and by analyzing the political and social engagements carried out by Constance Gore Booth. In case of Markievicz and his plays the article interestingly shows how he was able to connect the contemporary, Ibsenian, form of what was then called “New Drama” with coded messages concerning the current politics and his own political views. What is more, Arrington carefully traces the elements of the thesis play and melodrama in his works, reconstructing from authentic reviews of the period the impact they made both on the reviewers and political commentators of the day. Additionally, the article not only paints an interesting picture of the literary Dublin of the inter-war period but also shows how Markievicz’s writing refers to and borrows from the canonical works of such playwrights as Synge, Yeats and Lady Gregory.

The Polish Premiere of John Millington Synge’s "The Playboy of the Western World"

Polska premiera „Wesołka” Johna Millingtona Synge’a

Author(s): Barry Keane / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: J.M. Synge; Irish drama; Florian Sobieniowski; Young Poland; Polish theatre

The article traces the history of the Polish premiere and an early reception of J.M. Synge’s The Playboy of the Western World. The author draws attention to similarities between Irish and Polish political and historical situations in which the plays premiered, respectively, in 1907 and in 1913. Firstly, Keane concentrates on analyzing the translator’s strategy in rendering the difficult Hyberno-English dialect present in Synge’s play. The translator, Florian Sobieniowski, chose to render the specific diction of the play using the poetic language of the Young Poland movement. He also modelled his translation on the language and partly the imagery of Stanislaw Wyspianski’s acclaimed play The Wedding (Wesele, 1901). Keane discusses some of the translator’s choices and provides the summary of the critical response to what he terms the acculturation policy of the translator. Analyzing fragments of most characteristic reviews of the Polish premiere of Synge’s play, Keane discusses the presence of cultural stereotyping and the reactions to acculturation in the Polish theatre and culture.

Samuel Beckett and Ireland

Samuel Beckett and Ireland

Author(s): Jadwiga Uchman / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: Samuel Beckett; Irish drama; Modernism

Passion Plays: The Mortal Women of Oscar Wilde and Marina Carr

Sztuki pasyjne po irlandzku, czyli kobiety i śmierć u Oskara Wilde’a i Mariny Carr

Author(s): Katherine O’Keefe / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: Oscar Wilde; Marina Carr; Irish theatre

A little more than century apart from each other, Oscar Wilde and Marina Carr each took clear inspiration from antiquity to write intensely symbolic drama for their times, featuring powerful female characters with fatal impulses. The article intends to examine resonances between Oscar Wilde’s Salome and The Duchess of Padua and the more recent dramas by Marina Carr. In their complex interactions of desire, guilt, evocations of blood sacrifice, and an impulse towards death, these plays may offer a possibility of transcendence.

Stage Directions in Brian Friel’s "Translations"

Didaskalia w „Przekładach” Briana Friela

Author(s): Robert Looby / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: Irish drama; drama theory; stage direction; G.B. Shaw; B. Friel

Often regarded as purely utilitarian messages with no artistic value in themselves, stage directions are a neglected aspect of theatre studies. This paper seeks to answer the questions “Who speaks in stage directions? How? To whom?”. Looby examines the nature of the speaker, the addressee and their relationship by examining the evolution of stage directions through Shaw, O’Casey and Beckett. However, the paper concentrates primarily on stage directions in Brian Friel’s Translations, arguing that they have an artistic form and function related to the theme of the play and going beyond mere technical instructions to the production crew.

The Trinity of a New Age: Three struggling Women in Anne Devlin’s “Ourselves Alone” (1986) and “After Easter” (1994)

The Trinity of a New Age: Three struggling Women in Anne Devlin’s “Ourselves Alone” (1986) and “After Easter” (1994)

Author(s): Virginie Privas-Bréauté / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: Irish drama; Irish women playwrights; Northern Irish theatre