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Semantic Models of Sentences with Verbs of Motion in Standard Language and in Scientific Language Used in Biology

Semantic Models of Sentences with Verbs of Motion in Standard Language and in Scientific Language Used in Biology

Author(s): Vita Banionytė / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: semantic models of sentences; verbs of motion; Agens and Patiens; Direktiv1; semantic predicative; action; process; standard language; scientific language;

The semantic models of sentences with verbs of motion in German standard language and in scientific language used in biology are analyzed in the article. In its theoretic part it is affirmed that the article is based on the semantic theory of the sentence. This theory, in its turn, is grounded on the correlation of semantic predicative classes and semantic roles. The combination of semantic predicative classes and semantic roles is expressed by the main semantic formula – proposition. In its practical part the differences between the semantic models of standard and scientific language used in biology are explained. While modelling sentences with verbs of motion, two groups of semantic models of sentences are singled out: that of action (Handlung) and process (Vorgang). The analysis shows that the semantic models of sentences with semantic action predicatives dominate in the text of standard language while the semantic models of sentences with semantic process predicatives dominate in the texts of scientific language used in biology. The differences how the doer and direction are expressed in standard and in scientific language are clearly seen and the semantic cases (Agens, Patiens, Direktiv1) help to determine that. It is observed that in scientific texts of high level of specialization (biology science) in contrast to popular scientific literature models of sentences with moving verbs are usually seldom found. They are substituted by denominative constructions. In conclusions it is shown that this analysis can be important in methodics, especially planning material for teaching professional-scientific language.

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Application of New Information and Computer Technologies in the Teaching of Foreign Languages

Application of New Information and Computer Technologies in the Teaching of Foreign Languages

Author(s): Irena Miculevičienė / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: IT technologies; Web 2.0; blogs; podcasts; Wiki;

The paper describes the up-to-date methods of teaching or learning foreign languages, which are conditioned by the integration of information technologies in the teaching process. Internet gives a perfect opportunity to enliven the lectures of foreign languages, to improve their quality and effectiveness. The main advantage of internet is its authentic material in an authentic context. The examples of such authentic material can be Web 2.0 (website of second generation), Wiki, blogs and podcasts. The second advantage of internet is that it helps the learners to cooperate together. The teachers can lead the learners more effectively, consult each learner individually. It diversifies the teaching process, encourages the activity of students, who have learning difficulties.

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Do Foreign Language Learners Need Failures?

Do Foreign Language Learners Need Failures?

Author(s): Joanna Kic-Drgas / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: failure; needs analysis; foreign language teaching; academic teaching; ESP;

A lack of motivation, incomprehensible content and a high workload are only some of the causes leading to students’ failures in the learning process. Dealing with failures seems to have become a new core competence in the current world, which is why the definition and implementation of an appropriate strategy is essential for prospective learning results. The focus of the contribution is on the meaning of failure and sources of potential student failures in the foreign language learning at the university level. The results presented in the paper base on the survey conducted with English language students at Koszalin University of Technology. Students were asked to identify the field causing learning failures. The described survey delivers information about the sources of failures from learner’s point of view, which can be an incentive to develop and implement strategies to cope with failures in the ESP class.

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The Changing Conception of the University Curriculum Knowledge in the European Higher Education Area: from Knowledge to Competence?

The Changing Conception of the University Curriculum Knowledge in the European Higher Education Area: from Knowledge to Competence?

Author(s): Rūta Petkutė / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: knowledge; disciplinary knowledge; competence; generic competence; transferable skill; curriculum; university; knowledge economy; the European Higher Education Area; higher education policy;

Within the European Higher Education Area, the traditional conception of the university curriculum knowledge has been challenged. The notions of learning outcome and competence have been replacing the notion of knowledge as a central educational concept of the university curriculum. The European higher education policy urges the European universities to provide their students with competences, which are assumed to be necessary for employment and successful operation in the global knowledge economy. As a result, more generic rather than disciplinary forms of knowledge are placed at the centre of the current policy discourse. The present paper aims to conceptually analyse the changing conception of the university curriculum knowledge in the light of the EHEA and discuss the implications of this change. It seeks to map the socio-economic and political factors spawning the current advocacy of competences, discern the key patterns of the European higher education curriculum modernisation as well as discuss its implications. The study serves several qualitative research methods: an overview of research literature and a content analysis of official European policy documents.

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Linguistic Peculiarities of Methodical Educational Publications Issued in 2012

Linguistic Peculiarities of Methodical Educational Publications Issued in 2012

Author(s): Regina Žukienė / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: style; culture of writing; language norms; foreign words in aviation;

The article presents linguistic peculiarities of methodical educational publications prepared and published using European structural funds allocated to the VGTU Transport Engineering, Biomechanics and Aviation Mechanical Engineering project “Renewal of the Study Programmes in Accordance with the EU Requirements by Improving the Quality of the Studies and Applying Innovative Study Methods” carried out in accordance with the Lithuania’s 2007–2013 year Human Resources Development Operational Programme, priority axis 2 “Education and Lifelong Learning”, measure VP1-2.2-MES-07-K “Improving Studies Quality, Increasing Internationalization”. Characteristic properties of style and culture of writing, compliance with language norms, and instances of foreign words used in aviation are analysed.

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Change in Word Meanings as One of the Features Signifying the Development of Computer Terms

Change in Word Meanings as One of the Features Signifying the Development of Computer Terms

Author(s): Vilija Celiešienė / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: terminologisation; transterminologisation; semantic derivations and formations; metaphoric terms;

The article aims to analyse the change in meanings of standard language words viewed as a result of the development of computer terms. Words that, in the process of terminologisation and transterminologisation, have been transferred to computer terms from standard language or other subject fields and included in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Computer Terms (Enciklopedinis kompiuterijos žodynas 2012) are analysed. The objects of the research were simple semantic formations and caiques, all of which were standard Lithuanian language words that either turned into terms in the field of computer terms or were transferred from other subject fields by inner borrowing. The research carried out has shown that most of the terms studied are semantic caiques formed – albeit merely outwardly – using own linguistic means yet having borrowed, most likely from English, their very concept and its definition. The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Computer Terms contains only a few single-word computer terms whose new meaning originated from the Lithuanian language and that could be regarded as semantic formations.

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The Expression of Noun-Phrase Grammatical Definition in the Corpus of Lithuanians Learning the French Language

The Expression of Noun-Phrase Grammatical Definition in the Corpus of Lithuanians Learning the French Language

Author(s): Vitalija Kazlauskienė / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: definition; reference; noun-phrase; determiners; corpus of Lithuanians learning French;

The study of French definition is important from the point of view of linguadidactics and linguistics. It analyzes the difficulties which Lithuanian learners face while studying the French language. The Lithuanian and French languages use different ways to express definition. The aim of this paper is to analyze the peculiarities of noun-phrase grammatical definition usage by Lithuanians learning French in their written language, as well as to evaluate its influece on the quality of their written language. The paper overviews the notion of definition, its types, the ways of expressing it in Lithuanian and French. More attention is paid to definition as noun-phrase grammatical category, which is important for reference coordination.The paper also presents the analysis of noun-phrase grammatical definition in the written works of the French language final examination.

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The Terms in the Special Language: Norms, Usage, and Tendency

The Terms in the Special Language: Norms, Usage, and Tendency

Author(s): Virginija Stankevičienė / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: economics; chemistry terms; usage; language for specific purposes; dictionaries; synonyms;

One of the most important issues of terminology remains term variance (or synonymy). In order to find out the trends of terms usage in the language for specific purposes, the comprehensive analysis of dictionaries, coursebooks, students’ survey was carried out. It allowed to determine prevalent types in the terminology of economics and chemistry, to analyze the prevalence of Lithuanian and international terms synonymy, term usage tendencies in students’ language and academic texts. Summarizing the investigation results it can be stated that in the special language of economics and chemistry, term variants were both presented in dictionaries and used by teachers.

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Assessment of the European Union Structural Funds Support for Improvement of Quality in Higher Education in Lithuania : Approach of Experts in Higher Education

Europos Sąjungos struktūrinių fondų paramos Lietuvos studijų kokybės gerinimui vertinimas: aukštojo mokslo ekspertų požiūris

Author(s): Mantė Gasiūnaitė,Inga Juknytė-Petreikienė / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: higher education; quality improvement; European Union Structural Funds support; public policy; assessment

The article analyses the effectiveness of support of the European Union Structural Funds (EU SF) in the programming period 2007–2013 as the financial instrument of public policy for the improvement of quality in higher education (HE)in Lithuania. Results of the expert evaluation revealed that EU SF investment was beneficial in respect of human capital, generation of ideas, fostering of created“products”, and the quality culture of Lithuanian higher education institutions (HEIs); therefore, positive impact of use of EU SF support on HE quality can be expected.However, weaknesses related to efficiency, eligibility and sustainability of investment use have been also identified. Addressing these gaps highlights problems related to the main aim of the use of EU SF support in HEIs in Lithuania: the goal of effective quality improvement in higher education is accompanied by the goal to spend money.

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A Little-Known Manuscript Autographed by Scholars Spiridon and Eustatius of Putna (The Missal Preserved in Smolensk, Russia)

Un manuscris puţin cunoscut al cărturarilor Spiridon şi Eustatie de la Putna (Liturghierul de la Smolensk, Rusia)

Author(s): Alexandru Pascal / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: Putna Monastery; manuscripts; ornamentation; parchment; Smolensk

The present paper is dedicated to the archaeographical description of a little-known manuscript, written in Putna Monastery by hieromonk Spiridon, a remarkable calligrapher from the time of Stephen the Great, for the abbot of the same monastery, Silouan, in the year 1532.Worn out due to its intensive use in the divine services, the manuscript was restored in 1569 in the same monastery by its abbot, protohegumen Eustatius.The codex still preserves not just the beautiful samples of writing of monk Spiridon and protohegumen Eustatius, but also beautiful examples of ornamentation of such manuscripts, products of Putna Monastery’s Scriptorium.Today the Missal is preserved in Russia, in the Smolensk History and Architecture State Museum-Preserve.

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A Little-Known Translation of Metropolitan Dosoftei: The Canon of Saint Andrew of Crete

O traducere puţin cunoscută a mitropolitului Dosoftei: Canonul Sfântului Andrei Criteanul

Author(s): Monah Alexie Cojocaru / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: Metropolitan Dosoftei; Canon of Saint Andrew of Crete; Putna Monastery; old Romanian literature; translations

The present study discusses an important translation of Metropolitan Dosoftei, namely the Canon of Saint Andrew of Crete, which was printed as an addendum to Parimiile preste an, a work of the same Metropolitan. Since not all the extant copies of the Parimii contain the canon, one concludes that there were at least two printings of the Parimii, each with a different number of pages.The translation of the Canon proves that Metropolitan Dosoftei translated not just liturgical but also hymnographic texts. He also translated the canons of the Resurrection, Ascension, Pentecost and Annunciation – also included in the Parimii, but at an earlier date than the Canon –, as well as the Octoechos, another hymnographic book.Thus the hymnographic texts started to be translated into Romanian not during the 18th century, as it is commonly believed, but earlier, at the end of the 17th century, at the initiative of Metropolitan Dosoftei. Finally the author argues that the Parimii were printed in 1682 not in 1683 as the majority of the scholars believe, which implies a change in the order of the printings of the Metropolitan, with all the deriving consequences.

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Creation of the World and Adam and Eve in Post-Byzantine Art: Some Notes on Genesis Cycles in Arbore and Suceviţa

Creation of the World and Adam and Eve in Post-Byzantine Art: Some Notes on Genesis Cycles in Arbore and Suceviţa

Author(s): Margarita Kuyumdzhieva / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: Genesis; Adam and Eve; post-Byzantine art; Suceviţa; Arbore

The article is dedicated to the sequences of scenes illustrating the Creation narration and the story of Adam and Eve in the frescoes of the Eastern Christian churches after the fall of Byzantium. It focuses on the function and implications of the Creation imagery, underlining its theological and liturgical context. To the eschatological significance of these cycles, another layer of meaning is added: the conclusion that the accent in certain Genesis cycles on the first days of Creation is connected not so much to the theme of transgression, repentance and atonement of sins, but to a greater degree to the theme of the Incarnation of the Logos. The appearance of scenes illustrating the first days of the creation of the world in the nave of Suceviţa monastery katholikon is reviewed in the perspective of this idea. New evidence is brought for the Western models of the Genesis cycle on the façade of the Beheading of St. John the Baptist church in Arbore.

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Un aër-épitaphios roumain en Serbie: le don d’Alexandru IV Lăpuşneanu au monastère de l’Ascension à Miléshévo

Un aër-épitaphios roumain en Serbie: le don d’Alexandru IV Lăpuşneanu au monastère de l’Ascension à Miléshévo

Author(s): Elka Bakalova / Language(s): French / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: aër-épitaphios; Alexandru IV Lăpuşneanu; Roxanda; monastère serbe de Miléshévo; arts ecclésiastiques en Moldavie

L’objectif de cette étude est de présenter un objet d’art remarquable qui atteste du développement de l’art chrétien roumain: l’aër-épitaphios offert par le souverain roumain Alexandru IV Lăpuşneanu au monastère serbe de Miléshévo. Le voile liturgique en question fait partie des nombreux témoignages des bons rapports de cohabitation qui existaient entre les peuples serbe et roumain. Et s’ils ne s’opposèrent guère lors de conflits armés, ils connurent des alliances dynastiques, comme l’est, par exemple le mariage entre Jelena, fille de Jovan Brankovic, despote de Serbie, et Petru IV Rareş, voïvode de Moldavie (1527–1538, 1541–1546). Leur fille Roxanda épousa le voïvode de Moldavie Alexandru IV Lăpuşneanu (1552–1561, 1563–1568). Ce fut elle qui, en 1567, accompagnée de son mari et ses enfants, offrit un voile liturgique finement brodé au monastère serbe de Miléshévo qui abritait les reliques du saint Sava de Serbie. Le destin de ce tissu connaît plusieurs péripéties. Au 18e siècle, vers 1743, les moines qui fuyaient leur monastère l’emportèrent à Pakra, en Slovénie. Or, ayant quitté également le monastère de Pakra, aujourd’hui l’aër se trouve au Musée de l’Église orthodoxe serbe (Éparchie de Slavonie) à Zagreb !L’article tente de présenter d’une manière exhaustive les renseignements existants en ce qui concerne les particularités, les qualités et le destin historique de l’aër, recueillis surtout dans les études de chercheurs serbes. Après une analyse minutieuse des recherches des collègues serbes, et plus spécialement de l’ouvrage du dr. Franc Curk (2006), spécialiste en conservation et restauration de textiles médiévaux, qui renseigne dans les moindres détails sur les particularités des techniques concernant cet épitaphios, ainsi que sur les interventions successives dans sa restauration, la présente étude consacre une attention spéciale à l’iconographie et les images représentées sur le tissu, tout comme à certains éléments particuliers relevant de la technique de la broderie ecclésiastique. La présentation de la seule reproduction de l’aspect authentique de l’inscription du donateur est empruntée à l’ouvrage du spécialiste serbe d’études médiévales Lazar Mirkovic.L’aër-épitaphios de Miléshévo témoigne d’un acte pieux de la part du voïvode Alexandru IV Lăpuşneanu, qui s’inscrit dans une série de donations faites à nombre de monastères orthodoxes renommés. L’aër de Miléshévo est non seulement une preuve de l’attachement du souverain à la foi et aux pratiques religieuses, mais atteste également du niveau d’excellence des arts ecclésiastiques en Moldavie au 16e siècle.

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Un épitrachilion inconnu de l’époque du voïvode Ieremia Movilă

Un epitrahil necunoscut din timpul voievodului Ieremia Movilă

Author(s): Olimpia Mitric / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: épitrachilion; le monastère Franciscain; Cracovie; le voïvode Ieremia Movilă; le monastère de Suceviţa

On retrouve cet épitrachilion (en forme fragmentaire) dans le trésor du monastère Franciscain de Cracovie, comme partie composante d’une chasuble (excepté une pièce qu’on garde séparément). La colonne avec les scènes de l’épitrachilion est composée de 10 scènes – cadre brodées, accompagnées par des inscriptions slavonnes. Il s’agit d’une broderie lisse en or et en argent, réalisée dans les dernières années du XVIe siècle. On a intégré l’épitrachilion à l’intermédiaire d’une broderie en fils métalliques. Les dimensions de la chasuble sont les suivantes: hauteur: 107 cm, largeur: 64/38 cm, la largeur de la colonne (avec les scènes de l’épitrachilion): environ 15,5 cm, pendant que la hauteur d’une scène-cadre varie de 16-16,5 à 19-20 cm. Les scènes extrêmement expressives de l’épitrachilion sont inspirées par l’Acathiste de la Mère de Dieu: quelques titres accompagnants: Ils ont vu les enfants des Chaldéens, Naissance étrangère, Tout l’esprit des anges, Tout chant vainc, Tempête dans les pensées. En deux scènes sont représentés la princesse Elisabeta Movilă (avec l’inscription: La Princesse Elisabeta, au monastère de Suceviţa, 7107 <1598–1599>) et le prince Ieremia Movilă (avec l’inscription: Io Ieremia Movilă, voïvode, nous avons donné <au monastère – n. n.> cet épitrachilion). On a essayé, par de recherches comparatives, de reconstituer le programme iconographique tout entier de l’épitrachilion. Sous cette forme, la chasuble arriva au monastère cracovien en 1946, lorsqu’on évacua les moines du monastère Franciscain de Lvov à Cracovie, avec leurs biens mobiles. En ce qui concerne la provenance de l’épitrachilion, on suppose qu’il aurait pu faire partie du trésor mené en Pologne par le métropolite Dosoftei, en 1686, à la fin de la campagne du roi Jan Sobieski.

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The Reorganization of Monastic Life in Putna Monastery in 1956, as It is Reflected in the Archives

Reorganizarea vieţii monahale la Mănăstirea Putna în anul 1956, oglindită în arhiva mănăstirii

Author(s): Ieromonah Dosoftei Dijmărescu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: Putna Monastery; Stephen the Great; Metropolitan Sebastian Rusan; Archimandrite Dosoftei Morariu; Decree 410/1959

Upon the initiative of the Metropolitan of Moldavia and Suceava, Sebastian Rusan (1950–1956), on May 16, 1956, there came to Putna Monastery 15 monks from Sihăstria Monastery and 9 from Slatina Monastery in order to reorganize the monastic life. The abbot of the new brotherhood was Protosyngellos Dosoftei Murariu. The abbot and the brotherhood struggled to restore the economy of the monastery, the order of the services and of the monastic life and to minister to the faithful. First and foremost they tried to recover Putna’s natural status – as the first monastery Stephen the Great built and his necropolis, a national and religious banner –, especially since on April 12, 1957, they were to celebrate the fifth centennial of Stephen’s ascension to the throne of Moldavia. Despite the immense effort, the Communist State constantly undermined all their initiatives on ideological grounds, unwilling to let surface the religious aspects of the life of the voievode and of his epoch.Due to the pressures of the Communist Regime on October 23, 1957, the Metropolitan of Moldavia and Suceava, Iustin Moisescu (1957–1977), appointed Father Dosoftei Murariu as abbot of Vorona Monastery and ordained that elections for a new abbot take place at Putna. Even though the monastery was greatly affected by the ousting of the abbot after only a year and a half and then by the 410/1959 Decree, which had the majority of the monks taken out of the monastery, the reorganization from 1956, through several monks that came to Putna then and remained afterwards, served as the basis for a new epoch of growth of the monastery, which can be discerned from the stability of the abbots: there have been only three abbots from 1962 up to now.

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Byzantine Kalophonic Chant at the Music School of Putna: St. John Koukouzeles and Evstatie the Precentor

Calofonia de tradiţie bizantină în şcoala muzicală de la Putna: Sf. Ioan Cucuzel şi Evstatie protopsaltul

Author(s): Maria Alexandru / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: Moldavian medieval music; chant tradition and historically informed performance practice; exegesis; transnotations and transcriptions; musicological analyses

The Music School at Putna Monastery in Northern Moldavia flourished during the second half of the 15th and the 16th centuries. Twelve manuscripts of the Anthologia type, comprising melodies for Vespers, Matins and Divine Liturgy, as well as kalophonic mathemata, witness to the music cultural transfer from Byzantium to Romanian lands and the important music activity developed by Evstatie the Precentor (2nd half of 15th century – ca. 1546) and other local musicians in the field of Romanian church music in Greek and Slavonic languages. Two musical examples, namely a part of the Anoixantaria by St. John Koukouzeles and the chant instead of the Trisagion at the feasts of the Lord, Ὅσοι εἰς Χριστὸν ἐβαπτίσθητε, are subject to collations, transnotations, transcriptions and polyprismatic analyses. Τhe first chant is also studied according to its exegesis by Chourmouzios (A.D. 1818), whereas the second chant is presented from a hitherto unknown autograph by Evstatie, from the ms. Moscow, Historical Museum, Barsov 1345. The goal of the paper is to show some traditional research paths for the kalophonic repertory of Putna Monastery, which could lead to a revival of some of its masterpieces.

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Preliminaries of “The Postponed War”: Polish-Hungarian Rivalry and the Ottoman Campaign from 1476

Preliminariile „războiului amânat”: rivalitatea polono-maghiară şi campania otomană din 1476

Author(s): Liviu Pilat / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Moldavia; Poland; Hungary; Ottoman Empire; Holy See

The present study analyses the way in which Polish-Hungarian rivalry regarding suzerainty over Moldavia influenced the military defence plans against the Sultan’s campaign to Moldavia in 1476. In 1474, Hungary and Poland signed a treaty in which they agreed that the rights of the two Kings over Moldavia be discussed by a common diet, which was to decide who should be the suzerain king. Until then both Kingdoms vowed to protect Moldavia against any Ottoman threat. In the spring of 1475, Stephen the Great proposed to the Polish and Hungarian Kings an ambitious plan to annihilate the Sultan, which consisted in attracting the latter deep into the Moldavian territory and surrounding him with the Moldavian-Polish-Hungarian armies. King Matthias conditioned his help on Stephen’s pledging the vassal homage, which the latter accepted, though, in reality, the relation between the two was no more than an anti-Ottoman alliance, vested in the traditional form of vassalage.The breaking of the Stara Wiess treaty triggered the reaction of Poland, which sent emissaries to Moldavia to receive the vassal homage from the voivode, and delegated its members in the Polish-Hungarian diet. Under the pretext of the Ottoman threat, the Hungarian King asked for the postponement of the diet, which the Polish King accepted. In the meantime, Matthias Corvinus had the Pope recognizing his suzerainty and protection over Moldavia, which vexed Poland. Being informed that the Sultan does not intend to conquer Moldavia, King Casimir decided not to get involved, at the same time giving the Moldavian voivode the impression that he would.Confronted by threats from Teutonic Order, Moscow and Hungary, Poland did not risk a conflict with the Ottoman Empire and the Crimean Khanate. Moreover it did not want to contribute to the success of King Matthias, the self-declared champion of the anti-Ottoman fight. On the other side, the Hungarian army entered Moldavia only when the Sultan began the retreat, presented as a military success of Hungary. Poland tried to blame the responsibility of the failure on the King of Hungary, accusing the way the latter spent the papal subsidies and asking in turn for money to fight against the Turks. Moreover it asked for the peace negotiations with Hungary to be reopened under the mediation of the Pope. On his turn, Matthias Corvinus blamed the responsibility on the Moldavian voivode and the fact that he was not supported by the other Christian rulers. The voivode of Moldavia blamed both of the two Kings, accusing them for breaking their prior vows and agreements. The excommunication of King Casimir by the papal legate in 1478, followed by the Sultan’s proposal for an alliance against Hungary, reopened discussions for a coordinated Polish-Ottoman action for the restoration of the suzerainty over Moldavia. The plan was abandoned, because King Casimir declined the Sultan’s offer and because, after negotiations, the voivode of Moldavia issued a charter in which he vowed to pledge personal homage to the Polish King.

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Dmitry Ivanovich, the Grand Prince. Rise and Fall

Marele cneaz Dimitrie Ivanovici. Mărire şi decădere

Author(s): Mihai Anatolii Ciobanu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Dmitry Ivanovich; Moscow; Grand Prince; Vasili Ivanovich; dynastic crisis

Dmitry Ivanovich, the only son of Ivan Ivanovich and Elena, daughter of Stephen the Great of Moldavia, was born on October 10, 1483. Ivan Ivanovich was the eldest son of Ivan III Vasilyevich and also a Grand Prince of Moscow, who since 1472 was designated to be the future ruler. He did not get the chance to rule due to his strange death on March 7, 1490.Rumors had it that he was poisoned. After his death, Ivan III Vasilyevich had to choose a heir between his grandson, Dmitry Ivanovich, and his son from his second marriage with Sophia Paleologue, Vasili Ivanovich. On February 4, 1498, Ivan III had his grandson, Dmitry, crowned Grand Prince of Vladimir, Moscow and all Russia. His mother, Elena of Moldavia, was a strong, influential person who helped Dmitry receives the title of Grand Prince.But, on April 11, 1502, Ivan III sent Dmitry and his mother Elena to prison. This was a great opportunity for Vasili Ivanovich to become the Grand Prince of Moscow. Elena died on January 18, 1505, and her son died on February 14, 1509 . (Translated by Cristian Odobescu)

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Qu’est-ce que les notes d’un manuscrit peuvent dévoiler

Ce dezvăluie însemnările de pe un manuscris

Author(s): Ştefan S. Gorovei / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: Vie de St.-Serge de Radonež; Poutna; Pobrata; Moisei; l’higoumène Sava

Parmi les manuscrits rassemblés et conservés dans les collections de la Bibliothèque Universitaire „Lucian Blaga” de Cluj-Napoca, une Vie de St.-Serge de Radonež a donné lieu à des observations et hypothèses intéressantes, mais contradictoires. On a affirmé que ce manuscrit fut copié en Moldavie soit au XVIe siècle, soit au XVIIe, par le moine Mihai du monastère de Poutna, dont le nom est mentionné dans une note, assez détériorée, mais qui a conservé la date: le 30 juin 1682 (7190). Le manuscrit comporte encore deux notes, cette fois-ci non datées, écrites par le moine russe Andrian Anghelov, qui a apporté de Moscou cette Vie de St.-Serge pour en faire don aux monastères de Poutna et de Pobrata.L’examen du manuscrit a permis à l’auteur de rétablir le texte presque complet (quelques mots ont été totalement et brutalement raclés) de la première note et de déchiffrer le nom de son auteur: c’est l’higoumène Sava, futur évêque de Roman et métropolite de Moldavie, bien connu pour l’intérêt qu’il portait à la culture. En 1682, il a envoyé cette Vie de St.-Serge au monastère de Moisei (en Maramureş), qui venait d’être fondé par le prêtre Mihai.On peut ajouter que, selon l’écriture, le manuscrit fut copié en Russie. Andrian Anghelov l’a apporté au cours d’une mission qu’il a remplie en Moldavie en 1556–1558.

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An Unknown Manuscript of Hiero(schema)monk Nathan(ael) Dreteanovschi

Un manuscris necunoscut al (iero)schimonahului Nathan(ail) Dreteanovschi

Author(s): Ioan-Augustin Guriţă / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: manuscript; Putna Monastery; Lesser Blessing of Waters; the eighteenth century; Paisie Ioanovici

The present article signals the existence of a hitherto unknown manuscript written by Hieroschemamonk Nathan Dreteanovschi, who was one of the important scribes of Putna Monastery in the 18th century. The manuscript is kept in a private collection, but was partially scanned and uploaded on the official website of the Prahova County Council. It contains the church service of the Lesser Blessing of Waters and it was written in 1778, as shown in the autograph signature of the manuscript.

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