The effect of virtual economy on the real economy - selected issues

Wpływ gospodarki wirtualnej na gospodarkę realną – wybrane zagadnienia

Author(s): Renata Jedlińska / Language(s): / Issue: 395/2015

Keywords: virtual economy; real economy; virtual money

The aim of this article is to show the giant impact of the virtual world to the real world. The author drew particular importance to the increasing role of virtual money and the opportunity to trade using real money. The article presents online market, which begins to play an increasingly important role in the real economy.

Corporate bond redemption on the Catalyst market in the years 2013–2014 – the example of the property developers bonds

Wykupy obligacji korporacyjnych na rynku Catalyst w latach 2013–2014 – na przykładzie obligacji deweloperskich

Author(s): Agnieszka Anna Huterska,Bożena Kołosowska / Language(s): / Issue: 395/2015

Keywords: bonds; corporate bonds; bonds redemption; property developers companies

In this article we describe the Polish market of corporate bonds. We present the way of introduction (authorization) and trade in debt securities issued by companies. The purpose of this study is to show the determinants and processes of redemption of bonds issued by the property developers companies. Special attention is drawn to these companies that have problems with redemption of their bonds on time. Therefore, a subject of this research includes chosen issuers of property developers bonds that did not redeem their bond obligations in the years 2013–2014. An important issue discussed in the article is the answer to the question about an impact of condition of housing market on the promptness of redemption of bonds by developers companies. In this article the descriptive method is used together with the case studies. The research shows that the promptness of the developers bonds redemption on the Catalyst market is getting worse.

Financial aspect of the concept of urban renewal in the light of the objectives of the project of Revitalization Act

Finansowy aspekt koncepcji rewitalizacji miast w świetle założeń do projektu ustawy o rewitalizacji

Author(s): Magdalena Ślebocka / Language(s): / Issue: 395/2015

Keywords: revitalization; urban development strategies

Revitalization is a concept of degraded urban renewal usually included in the urban development strategies. It is necessary to keep in mind that carrying out activities on the subject in the first place requires a careful, precise definition of the financial resources allocated to them in the long term. Therefore, gathering, collecting funds from the public institutions and also from private investors is a vital part of revitalization of activities involving planning. The aim of this article is to present the key issues related to just the financial aspects of the project of Revitalization Act.

EEEA as evidence for the importance of the natural environment in public statistics

EREŚ jako wyraz rangi środowiska naturalnego w statystyce publicznej

Author(s): Barbara Kryk / Language(s): / Issue: 395/2015

Keywords: European Environmental Economic Accounts; legal regulations; benefits

European Environmental Economic Accounts, supplementing the European system of national and regional accounts in the European Union (ESA 2010), provide significant information on economic factors determining environmental protection and environmental resources. For this reason, a number of actions and legal regulations have been introduced (both on a European and global scale) for the past 20 years, which has greatly contributed to the development of EEEA system. Their number and scope prove that environmental issues are of profound (and growing) importance in public statistics and socio-economic life. Hence, it is worth looking at legal regulations designed to develop EEE system. In the paper, selected documents were analysed, the literature on the subject was reviewed and deductive reasoning was adopted. This enabled the author to discuss the possible uses of European Environmental Economic Accounts, benefits accruing from using them as well as conditions under which such benefits can be gained. The article is aimed at disseminating information on European Environmental Economic Accounts and propagating the idea behind the system.

Investment outlays in the environmental protection in Poland

Nakłady inwestycyjne w ochronie środowiska w Polsce

Author(s): Ewa Mazur-Wierzbicka / Language(s): / Issue: 395/2015

Keywords: investment outlays; environmental protection; Poland

During the second half of the last century different communities started to experience more severely environmental, economic and social effects of the increasing interference into the situation of the existing intensive development of the economy, with uncontrolled and frequently irrational exploitation of natural resources. This is expressed by the current need, more and more clearly emphasised, of social and economic development which would take into account the necessity to rationalise human interference in nature. Poland, becoming a member of the European Union and adopting its legal heritage regarding the protection of the natural environment, has been obliged to meet the requirements in this area. To comply with the standards existing in the countries of the Union it is necessary to implement pro ecological ventures. Their scale is confirmed by the investment expenses. The aim of the present study is to analyse investment expenses made in the sphere of environmental protection in the country.

Revitalization as the key aspect of the financing and urban sustainable development policy

Rewitalizacja jako kluczowy aspekt polityki finansowania i rozwoju zrównoważonego miast

Author(s): Aneta Tylman / Language(s): / Issue: 395/2015

Keywords: urban sustainable development; importance of revitalization; concept of revitalization; revitalization funding

The article identifies revitalization as a key aspect of the urban sustainable development processes, both in terms of development strategies, as well as the anticipated financing. The article presents the strategic and financial importance of revitalization processes, as well as the concept of revitalization for funding revitalization needs. The article also recognizes the financial risk connected with the excessive delay in the adoption of the concept of revitalization by enacting national strategic documents, especially Revitalization Act.

The problem of financial awareness in the context of gathering of retirement savings

Problem świadomości finansowej w kontekście gromadzenia oszczędności emerytalnych

Author(s): Magdalena Swacha-Lech / Language(s): / Issue: 395/2015

Keywords: financial awareness; saving; retirement savings gathering; behavioral inclinations; demographic problems

The outcomes of own research carried out in cooperation with IIBR between 27.02.2013 and 1.03.2013 among the Polish show that only 9% of them save money for their retirement. Among the people who have accumulated some savings the biggest number is constituted by those who are driven by a precautionary motive. The saving goal in this case is to be protected against unpredictable negative incidents which can influence the financial situation of a household. In this way the examined people satisfy the safety needs, which is the most important need and only after satisfying it the households will tend to satisfy other needs. The analysis of retirement system efficiency in the context of demographic situation, the amount of expected benefits provoke the thought on the necessity for additional retirement savings. The saving which is understood as postponing of consumption, often connected with the sense of giving up current pleasures, causes the sense of resignation. Facing inertia, myopia and loss aversion result in an inclination of individuals to concentrate on the costs connected with saving and to underestimate possible benefits. The complexity of retirement saving decisions, its long-term consequences hamper planning and accomplishing this task. The aim of this paper is to show the necessity of effective creation of financial awareness of the Polish referring to long-term personal finance management, including also the period after getting retired.

Impact of environmental fees on company’s financial results

Wpływ opłat środowiskowych na wyniki przedsiębiorstwa

Author(s): Joanna Antczak / Language(s): / Issue: 395/2015

Keywords: environmental fees; costs; revenues

The Environment Protection Law in Poland stipulates that all the units utilizing environmental resources have to be charged with the so-called environmental fees. The environmental fee may be linked to the gas and ash emissions into the air, sewage disposal into the water or soil, water consumption or waste storage. A company using motor vehicles in its economic activity and in consequence emitting gas into the air resulting from the burned fuel is obliged to pay a fee on the environment utilization. The environment fees Antczakconstitute tax obligations. The main objective of the article is to present the impact of the environmental fees on the financial result achieved by a company. In order to achieve this objective, legal regulations concerning the environmental fees resulting from the Environment Protection Law were presented as a point of departure. Also the place of environmental fees in the Tax Law was explained. Next, the impact of environmental fees on the financial results of a selected company, the main objective of which is gas fuel distribution in the network system as well as the expansion of this network, during the last five years period has been presented as a case illustration. The following research methods were adopted in this article: the literature and law acts analysis, a case study, documents analysis. The article constitutes a basis for further studies on environmental costs and their influence on the company financial result.

MASS-MEDIA’S ROLE IN SELF-DEVELOPMENT. GENDER IDEOLOGIES AND DISCOURSE IN COSMOPOLITAN AND MEN’S HEALTH

MASS-MEDIA’S ROLE IN SELF-DEVELOPMENT. GENDER IDEOLOGIES AND DISCOURSE IN COSMOPOLITAN AND MEN’S HEALTH

Author(s): Mădălina Hodorog / Language(s): / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: identity; self-help; self-developmental products; subculture.

The present paper explores the role of media in shaping ideas about the self with focus on gender ideologies and discourses as manifested in such widely-read magazines as Cosmopolitan and Men’s Health. The study adds a new dimension and focuses on the online editions of Cosmopolitan and Men’s Health, from both United States and United Kingdom and makes comparisons between them. The purpose of the study is to find out how the ideological self of women and men is portrayed in magazines. The significance of this research is meaningful for media scholars, discourse analysts, consumers and psychologists at some degree, as it provides substantial insight into how media represents individuality in their content.

TRANSMEDIA STORYTELLING IN DIGITAL GAMES EXPANDING THE UNIVERSE OF WARCRAFT

TRANSMEDIA STORYTELLING IN DIGITAL GAMES EXPANDING THE UNIVERSE OF WARCRAFT

Author(s): Călin Creţu / Language(s): / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: Transmedia storytelling; digital games; World of Warcraft; media convergence.

The paper Transmedia storytelling in digital games is an analysis on how multiple media work in tandem to tell a story. The story analyzed is the vast universe of Warcraft, developed by Blizzard Entertainment over the last 20 years and is composed of digital games, novels, comics and manga and other products. Looking at the evolution of the game and other media products, we can observe that Blizzard Entertainment has managed to turn what initially was a trilogy of Real Time Strategy games into a story that is consumed by millions of users that play the Massively Multiplayer online role-playing game World of Warcraft, read the Warcraft novels and the Warcraft manga and comic books and will in 2016 watch the Warcraft feature movie. The present paper brings insight for game developers and media scholars on how the quality of a digital game’s story is affected when it is transformed into a transmedia storytelling product due to multiple issues that might arise. Among the issues, there is attracting new audiences as the product ages and the narrative evolves, avoiding narrative conflicts between media and managing the ideal use of storytelling techniques specific to each medium.

VISUAL RHETORIC OF POLITICAL DISCOURSE. AN ANALYSIS OF A POLITICIAN’S LOCAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN FOR THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT

VISUAL RHETORIC OF POLITICAL DISCOURSE. AN ANALYSIS OF A POLITICIAN’S LOCAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN FOR THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT

Author(s): Raluca Iulia Bancoș / Language(s): / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: rhetoric; political speech; manipulation; visual communication.

Political culture offers a community its values, attitudes, norms and ideals that help to the good functioning of its institutions, and it also offers the individuals a guidance through public and political life. The political discourse, as mean of communication, implies rhetoric, in order for the orator to convince their audience, and therefore obtain their votes. The rhetoric of the political discourse is of capital importance if we agree that the politician is an orator not only for the knowledge he has, but also thanks to his persuasion skills. The orator actively builds an image for himself, the party that supports him and for mass-media, as the fourth power in the state. Behind this built image that the audience expects and decrypts, there is a language of signs and meanings. This research aims to present the political candidate who successfully used the rhetoric to reach a common code with his audience.

SELF ESTEEM AND THE SELFIE PHENOMENON AT THE FACEBOOK PROSUMER TEENAGER

SELF ESTEEM AND THE SELFIE PHENOMENON AT THE FACEBOOK PROSUMER TEENAGER

Author(s): Claudia Chiorean (Talaşman) / Language(s): / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: teenager; prosumer; Facebook; irrational beliefs; behavior.

Teenagers spend about half of their free time during a day using various kinds of mass communication, especially the new media: Facebook. The teenager's portrait on Facebook is as varied and complex as it is in real life. In the real life, the teenager knows reality through experience, through education, by means of the family, the school and the society. In the new virtual area towards which we are moving quickly, the Internet (Facebook) is a great source of information and training of adolescent equally with family, school, society. But like any human product, Facebook's virtual world has its advantages and disadvantages, pluses and minuses. The mind's product can have, under the specific conditions, positive effects and negative effects. Sometimes enthusiastically using Facebook the teenager ignores the negative effects.

LOBBYING IN THE EU POLICY-MAKING ARENA

LOBBYING IN THE EU POLICY-MAKING ARENA

Author(s): Camelia Nistor / Language(s): / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: EU lobbying; EU policy-making; influence; interest groups; decision-makers.

Lobbying is part of a democratic political life. Today, EU lobbying, which is extremely active in democratic systems, is considerably more structured, institutionalized and regulated than at the beginning of the European construction. It represents an essential component of the relation between decision-makers and interest groups based on the citizens’ fundamental right to bring their contribution to the policy-making process. Governmental actors need expertise for creating and implementing public policies, while interest groups need access to key decision-makers aiming to influence political decisions. In this article, the author proposes an analysis of lobbying and EU policy-making as the relations between decision-makers and different interest groups are essential for developing a more transparent and efficient decision-making process.

CONTENT

CUPRINS – CONTENT – SOMMAIRE – INHALT

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): / Issue: 1/2011

contents of studia 1/2011

Possibilities and scale of using ambient marketing by companies in Poland

Możliwości oraz skala wykorzystania ambient marketingu przez przedsiębiorstwa w Polsce

Author(s): Marcin Flieger / Language(s): / Issue: 400/2015

Keywords: ambient marketing; untypical forms of promotion; marketing agencies; media houses

The paper deals with the issues concerning the marketing function management in a company. This aspect of management has been put into scrutiny from the point of view of possibilities and principles of using ambient marketing. Thus, firstly the author explains the main reasons for using untypical forms of promotion, at the same time presenting examples of their implementation. It is followed by the analysis of the research results concerning using ambient marketing in Poland.

Research directions of clusters

Kierunki badań klastrów

Author(s): Robert Golej / Language(s): / Issue: 400/2015

Keywords: innovation; clusters; research methods

This article attempts to review the leading research methods used in the study of cluster structures. These methods are oriented towards the identification of cluster, the analysis of its structure, but also the description of the mechanism of their functioning and development stage. In fact, research on clusters conducted at the macro level leads to better targeting of tools to support the local economy by the administration and institutions. The results of these studies also allow a better focus on expenditure on research programs. In the microeconomic perspective they lead to the improvement of actions undertaken by clusters and allow to customize the tool of cluster policy, innovation and development to the stage of development of clusters. The aim of this paper is to present the main research methods used in the study of clusters.

Defining of organizational culture and brand, as a foundation for the customer value management implementation in an organization

Definiowanie kultury organizacyjnej i marki jako fundament do wprowadzenia zarządzania wartością klienta w organizacji

Author(s): Wojciech Cieśliński,Wojciech Idzikowski / Language(s): / Issue: 400/2015

Keywords: organizational culture; brand; customer value management; organizational change processes

The authors conclude, based on previous five year research, that the implementation of customer value management should be preceded by defining organizational culture and brand. By conducting thirteen structured interviews, three hundred and eight surveys and analyzing six case studies in various fields, the authors present a proposal for a model that allows to answer the question: What tools are needed to define organizational culture and brand in order to introduce customer value management in the organization properly.

Review of e-learning solutions in the education area of organization’s

Przegląd form e-learningowych w obszarze kształcenia w organizacji

Author(s): Wojciech Cieśliński,Piotr Głowicki / Language(s): / Issue: 400/2015

Keywords: innovations; knowledge management; e-learning; m-learning; rapid learning

The main goal of the article is to show IT solutions innovation directions in the area of knowledge management with particular emphasis on e-learning solutions. The solutions (software) are widely used in different areas of enterprises. It is hard to imagine a business without integrated ERP software systems, or without computer/software support of accounting, logistics, or sales. It is common that e-learning systems are important elements of organization development processes. Still a significant deficit in the organizations are processes of repositories building, information and knowledge metadata management. Organisations, especially medium and large are beginning to feel the problem of information and knowledge dispersion, the information-solutions are nowadays a necessity in the process of strategic decision making in the area of HR. The problem of information dispersion is particularly acute in such a sensitive matter as the human resource management area. The discontinuity of processes, HR unfinished projects, lack of systematic and continuous surveillance cause haphazardness and often lead to communication in chaos in organizations. The main thesis of the publication is a statement about the need to develop integrated information e-learning systems useful in monitoring and evaluation processes of all relevant personal functions enabling the development and training. The study contains synthetic indications referring to possible areas of application solutions, which can partly solve these problems. In the publication literature analysis was used as well as a system modeling method on the example of a solution that combines the functionality of e-learning courses and services in the area of human resource management.

The critical analysis of the system for the selection of projects financed from the European Social Fund in Poland in the years 2007-2013

Krytyczna analiza systemu wyboru projektów z Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w Polsce w latach 2007-2013

Author(s): Dorota Kwiatkowska-Ciotucha / Language(s): / Issue: 400/2015

Keywords: European Social Fund; Human Capital Operational Programme; projects selection criteria; new paradigm of management

The article will present the system for the selection of projects under the Human Capital Operational Programme covering the entire financial allocation of the European Social Fund in the second programming period in Poland. The main subject of the analysis will be key characteristics of this system, which according to the authors’ opinion, determine the level of quality and number of submitted applications. The whole discussion will be illustrated with examples of the provisions included in the operative documents and the statistics of selected programme calls.

Corporate philanthropy and its importance for the competitiveness of enterprises - a review of research

Filantropia korporacyjna i jej znaczenie dla konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw – przegląd badań

Author(s): Monika Kwiecińska / Language(s): / Issue: 400/2015

Keywords: venture philanthropy; competitiveness of enterprises

In the literature, there is more and more evidence that corporate philanthropy venture bring benefits such as increasing sales and market share, strengthening brand positioning, improving image, increasing ability to attract, motivate and retain employees, decreasing operating costs and increasing revenues, increasing the attractiveness for investors and financial analysts. Companies involved in philanthropic activities persist longer in the market and increase their competitiveness. This article presents a review of current research on the subject.