Authors of volume and staff members of Hispanic Philology
Autores del volúmen y miembros del equipo de Filología Hispánica
Authors of volume and staff members of Hispanic Philology
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Authors of volume and staff members of Hispanic Philology
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Keywords: Spanish medieval poetry; Libro de Buen Amor; Arcipreste de Hita
The article presents the Libro de Buen Amor in its universal dimension within its cultural and psychological connotations, being at the same time an introduction to the medieval Spanish poetry.
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Keywords: Galician language; Galician culture; Centro de Estudos Galegos; cultural promotion; minority languages and cultures
Acaba de cumplirse el duodécimo aniversario de la fundación del Centro de Estudos Galegos en la Universidad Cracoviana. Con este motivo merece la pena mencionar los primeros momentos de la presencia del gallego en las universidades polacas, los mayores logros del Centro y las perspectivas para el futuro, tanto en el campo de la didáctica de la lengua, como en el ámbito de la promoción de la literatura y cultura gallegas. El primer Centro de Estudos Galegos en Polonia fue fundado en la Universidad de Varsovia, en el año 1997, contando siempre con un profesor-becario procedente de Galicia. Tres años más tarde, gracias a la directora de aquel entonces del Departamento de Hispánicas, la profesora Teresa Eminowicz, en el año 2000 se inauguró en la Universidad Jaguelónica el otro centro polaco, el que tengo el honor y el gusto de coordinar desde el principio y donde llevo a cabo todas las actividades didácticas y las de difusión. Los dos centros polacos, a pesar de que funcionan en cierta medida de manera diferente, tienen como objetivo cooperar estrechamente tanto en cuanto a las actividades de promoción (conferencias, conciertos, simposios, espectáculos de cuentacuentos) como en la consecuente construcción de las bases cognitivas de la cultura gallega en Polonia en su sentido más amplio. Y lo que parece muy importante, intentar hacer arraigar estas bases en la cultura polaca.
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Krakow Hispanic Philology: overview of the latest courses
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Keywords: Jagiellonian University; Roman Studies in Poland; Origins of Hispanic Studies in Cracow; Leading Hispanists in Cracow
La hispanística cracoviana que en el año 2010 celebró su 35o aniversario, nació en 1975 como una licenciatura nueva en el Departamento de Filología Románica de la Universidad Jaguelónica, que se identificaba entonces, conforme a la tradición más antigua de esta disciplina, con Filología Francesa; en 1973 se amplió dicho concepto con la creación de Filología Italiana, para sumar en 1976 cuatro filologías, incluyendo la rumana. Hasta la creación de la hispanística, los jóvenes romanistas cracovienses tenían acceso a la lengua de Cervantes gracias al lectorado de español, impartido como segunda lengua románica; la aprendían durante cuatro cursos, cuatro horas por semana.
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Keywords: normalization; castellano drecho; King Alfonso X
The main aim of this paper is to present the most important historic reasons for which Spanish, since the mid-thirteenth century, became an official language of the Kingdom of Castile and Leon, beating the half century France and England. The effect of the imposition of castellano drecho, a term used by the King Alfonso X is normativization and homogenization of the Old Spanish.
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Keywords: polish poetry; Tomasz Różycki; literary tradition; metaphor
The present mini essay analyses the literary output of Tomasz Różycki, a Polish poet belonging to the middle generation, who occupies now the central position among the poets of his generation. Różycki diverges from other poets because of his specific understanding of the poetic tradition and its development in modern times.
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Keywords: Hispanic Studies in Jagiellonian University of Cracow; Studia Iberystyczne
La idea de editar una revista hispánica anual de carácter científico e informativo surgió durante el Primer Simposio Nacional de Hispanistas Polacos, organizado en 1985, que coincidió con el décimo aniversario de la fundación de Filología Hispánica en Cracovia. Según la opinión expresada entonces por el eminente historiador varsoviano Jan Kieniewicz, era necesario crear una plataforma polivalente del hispanismo polaco, una publicación periódica que difundiera los resultados de las investigaciones de filólogos, historiadores, filósofos, sociólogos y politólogos; tanto de aquellos cuyo terreno de investigación era España (o Portugal) como del círculo, cada vez más dinámico, de los especialistas en Iberoamérica. Aquel ambicioso proyecto, que incluso ya tenía nombre – Aproximaciones –, nunca llegó a materializarse. La revista de los hispanistas de Varsovia fue creada diez años más tarde y bautizada con el nombre de Itinerarios. Revista de estudios lingüísticos, literarios, históricos y antropológicos (1995). Mientras tanto, en Cracovia, las actas del simposio, editadas en 1988, dieron comienzo a una nueva serie editorial llamada Estudios Hispánicos, dedicada a difundir los frutos de las reuniones periódicas de hispanistas, principalmente filólogos. Asimismo, se acordó que el centro universitario organizador del evento se encargaría de la redacción y publicación del volumen que reuniría las conferencias presentadas. Los simposios nacionales siguientes fueron organizados en Wrocław y, de esta manera, Estudios Hispánicos, inaugurado en Cracovia, pronto se vinculó con otro centro universitario.
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Keywords: Portgueese Studies in Jagiellonian University of Cracow
Sobre os Estudos Portugueses em Cracóvia não podemos certamente afirmar que a data da sua fundação tenha ficado “perdida nas brumas do tempo”. As primeiras tentativas de estabelecer o curso de Português tiveram lugar (supostamente) nos anos 70. Os membros mais antigos dos estudos românicos mencionam os nomes de Jacek Szulc e Teresa Poczobut-Odlanicka, tendo no entanto as suas ações sido fugazes. O leitorado permanente foi inaugurado após o signatário ter regressado da Embaixada do Brasil em outubro de 1995, tendo sido durante os primeiros anos oferecido aos estudantes de Estudos Ibéricos enquanto segunda língua da Península Íbérica.
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Keywords: historical lexicography; language history; phonetics; morphology; lexicology
This article presents the Spanish material from an unknown 19th century dictionary published in S. Petersburg by P.S. Pallas. After a brief biographical note, followed by the presentation of the lexicographic material, its analysis in terms of its transliteration, phonetics, morphology and lexical features is presented. As usual, it turns out that the study of any unknown material reveals new linguistic surprises and is an infallible way to increase the knowledge, even to a limited extent, of the history of any language.
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Keywords: past tenses; analogy; perfectum; preterite simple; preterite compound
The following paper attempts to examine the development of Latin perfectum in three Romance languages: Spanish, French and Catalan. In particular, we focus on the relations between analogical changes and frequency of use. The languages we have chosen present various possibilities of this development.
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Keywords: Juan Mayorga; Katarzyna Kalwat; Spanish drama; polish theater; Terezin
The present article focuses on three issues. The first one is the analysis of the drama Himmelweg, inspired by the events that took place in the ghetto of Terezin by Spanish playwright Juan Mayorga. The second problem discussed is a critical look at reviews that document the reception of this performance in the world, particulary referring to the one directed by Katarzyna Kalwat at the Juliusz Słowacki Theater in Cracow in 2011. And finally, the author describes one of the classes of Contemporary Spanish Theater course which was dedicated to this particular drama and performance. The special guest was the drama director. The conclusion stresses the complexity and relevance of this work, interpreted as a contemporary morality as well as the educational and intellectual benefits incurred by the workshop.
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Keywords: language teaching; language interference; Spanish studies; student’s profile; multilingualism
Although a lot has been written about the interference of other languages different from the mother tongue in learning a new foreign language, the observation of the signs of this phenomenon in a specific group of students may still lead to interesting conclusions. A study on other languages interference performed in 2011 regarding students attending the 1st course of Spanish Philology at the Jagiellonian University, has revealed an important change in the characteristics of this group of learners in comparison to the one analysed in 2003. The evolution may be attributed to the change in the political situation of the country in the international arena and also to the politics of education in Poland. Besides, it has been proved that for the correct interpretation of the data, it is essential to take into consideration the whole context of the study, i.e. not only the languages learned before, but also those studied simultaneously. Another key factor is the number of languages known by the investigator himself. The samples of interference gathered during the study can be discussed in order to find the possible ways to prevent this phenomenon before it occurs.
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Durante el período de mis estudios de Filología Románica (1968-1973) tuve la ocasión no sólo de escuchar las clases de la profesora Strzałkowa, sino también de escribir el trabajo de licenciatura bajo su dirección. Cuando su persona viene a mi memoria la veo sobre todo como representante de la cultura académica de preguerra.
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Keywords: Cantar de Mio Cid; Old Spanish vide/vido; su/so; cuemo/quomo; “paradigmatic resistance to sound change”
According to Yakov Malkiel, Old Spanish forms vide < Latin vīdī and vido < vīdit are to be accounted for by what he calls “paradigmatic resistance to sound change”. The present writer believes that such a phenomenon does not exist, he examined all forms of the verb ver < vidēre in Cantar de Mio Cid and arrived at the conclusion that in the original version of the poem there were no forms with intervocalic -d-, while the forms vide, vido were arbitrarily introduced by Menéndez Pidal. The article also deals with the possessive pronouns mi/mio, su/so and forms like cuemo/quomo.
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Keywords: Belgium; Flanders; Wallonia; linguistic conflict; Flemish/Walloon/Brussels/Belgian identity
The paper analyses the difficult Flemish-Walloon relationship and its reflections in the language spoken by the inhabitants of Belgium. It examines, in turn, the language tensions between the two communities and their linguistic reflections, the linguistic implications of ideological, political and constitutional divisions and the "key words" for the regional identities as well as the (lack of) Belgian identity. The paper is based on a theoretical framework of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis which treats language as a product of a common culture of society. The material is drawn from newspaper articles in the Belgian French-speaking press and from the scientific literature. The analysis suggests that the numerous “belgicismes” (i.e. specifically Belgian expressions which have no equivalents in “standard” French or Dutch) are a reflection of the Belgian cultural, social and historical specificity and in particular the mutual reluctance of the two main ethno-linguistic groups in the country. Finally, the „key words” used by the inhabitants of the various parts of Belgium reveal differences in the regional (Flemish, Waloon and Brussels) identities and a weak sense of national identity.
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Keywords: Language; totalitarianism; Deutsch; communication; power
This paper looks at the power feature immanent to language. Through exploring the concept of language in the understanding of Ferdinand de Saussure, Ludwig Wittgenstein and George Orwell, it demonstrates how language can be used as a powerful tool for the control of the society. A qualitative analysis of the daily Rudé Právo, which forms a part of this paper, shows how the Czechoslovak regime in 1948-1989 changed the Czech language and adapted it to its needs, making it a totalitarian language. Through the introduction of the communication theory of K. W. Deutsch this paper shows how such an abuse of language threatens the viability of political systems. The final part of the paper identifies similar features of language abuse in liberal democracies by applying the norms of political correctness and cautions that such tendencies are equally dangerous to the viability of political systems as the creation of totalitarian languages.
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Keywords: Bulgaria; chalga; folk music; Ottoman Empire; Roma; identity; communism; post-communism; modernization
Chalga is only one of several similar types of music found across the Balkans, all connected by certain historical events and musical qualities. This work will deal specifically with the case of Bulgaria chalga. The following paper delves into cultural questions about chalga, drawing on the perspectives of ethnomusicologists, historians, social scientists, and Bulgarian commentators. By exploring historical roots as well as current questions about identity and modernity in post-Communist Bulgaria, this paper seeks to locate the role of chalga in a larger social and political context. The paper begins with a historical foundation, dating back to Ottoman times. Bulgarian perceptions of the Ottoman history play a central role in the way that past and present musical styles are received among the public. The communist and post-communist periods will also be addressed. The history will touch upon ethnicity, and the next section will delve deeper into the interplay between Roma, Turkish and Bulgarian sounds and musical traditions in Bulgaria. In addition, the tensions and differing viewpoints related to this mixture in music from past to present will be explored further. Characteristics of chalga will be looked at, societal responses will be addressed, and economic aspects will be considered. Finally, the preceding sections will lead up to an analysis of chalga and its connection to modernization. In addition, this section will consider the relationship between chalga and contemporary Bulgarian identity construction, internally and externally. This paper seeks to uncover contradictions and tensions within chalga and as it stands within Bulgarian society.
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Keywords: Belarusian language; language policies; Belarus; Russification
Twenty years after Soviet Union’s dissolution, Belarus still remains one of the least known and most stereotypically-perceived countries of the post-soviet area. In fact, “the triadic relationship between the modern state, nation, and democracy remains undertheorized for long-established Western states, and therefore there has been a gap in the theoretical literature when scholars have investigated post communist states”. The general perception that currently exists in Central-Eastern Europe is that language is “a much more effective basis for political power than contiguity.” Language became a “legitimizing formula” for nation-building, so where there exists the decline of language, the state independence is under question (Schöpflin, 2000). Such a perception influenced significantly the image of the Belarusian language. Introduction of Russian as a second state language in 1995 and further intentions of close integration with Russia were seen as an authoritarian path based on Belarusian weak national identity, strong connections with the Russian culture and general Sovietization of Belarusian population. This article aims to show the development of Belarusian language over the last 20 years in connection with the Belarusian national identity and explain the current linguistic situation taking into account previous Soviet practices of the national policies towards Belarusians and their language.
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Keywords: Latvia; bilingual education; minority language schools; Russian language
After regaining it’s statehood and borders from the Soviet rule, as a logical step followed in Latvia was a reform of education system, which would mean the integration of Russian-speaking communities and strenghtening the use and knowledge of Latvian as the sole official language of the country. Bilingual education which was introduced in minority language secondary schools meant that Latvian language was no longer just a subject pupils had to learn, but also a tool - language which pupils had to use while learning other subjects. This education reform started in 2004 and was fully finished in 2008, so now it is already possible to analyze and conclude whether it has reached it’s initial goals. By analyzing newest data author of the article shows that despite the complicated implementation of the bilingual education in Latvia it has reached at least one of its goals - improvement of knowledge and use of Latvian language among pupils of minority language schools. However, integration of minorities into Latvian community is a long process which still needs a lot of improvement. In the end of this article author gives her own view on future developments related to bilingual education in Latvia.
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