Keywords: book review; Bogdana Darie; Easy Sunday
The author has the ability to treat in fine, minimal contours, realities of a Romania known by all of us, but when described in this manner, is stressed out in a brighter light. A subject that goes towards an unifying line in the first four texts is the Romanian emigrants perspective.
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Keywords: psychotherapy integration; Gestalt; clinical theory
The aim of this article is to reflect on the content, form, and meaning of so-called integrative psychotherapy. I analyze the contemporary shift towards integrative therapy in terms of several aspects: (1) its history: from an “unthinkable” approach to being recognized as almost the standard; (2) its current incarnations and meanings. Is the integrative approach possible without a paradigm to start out from, which is “home” for the therapist? (3) its future – the possible directions in which it is heading.
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Keywords: Buddhism; the conditioned mind; conflict resolution; non-dualistic peace
While violence and conflict are the main problems that must be tackled for a peace-ful world, they are caused and sustained through our own thoughts. Though external causes must not be ignored, the most fundamental problem is an epistemological one—our way of knowing and understanding the world. Since its beginning, Buddhism has deepened its analysis of the dynamics of the human mind, both as a root cause of suffer-ing and as a source of harmony. This paper explores how Buddhism's analysis of the human mind can be applied to conflict dynamics, conflict resolution, and building a sustainable peace.
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Keywords: behavioural strategy; micro-foundations; adaptive performance
The prior research has emphasized the importance of either individuals to organizational performance or of managerial cognition to strategic change and action and provided support for the salient role of managerial cognition in developing managerial capabilities and behaviour. Nevertheless, given that managerial perceptions may vary across industry contexts and that high and low velocity industry pose different cognitive challenges to managers, there is no prior research investigating the associations between managerial cognitive and adaptive capabilities, the individual propensity to adapt, and organizational adaptive performance in a high velocity industry, only some research has explored how individual characteristics affect the ability to develop adaptive capabilities. Hence the aim of the paper is to present a theoretical and methodological proposition exploiting a cognitive approach and a microfoundations perspective in strategic management, aiming to examine the interdependencies between managerial cognitive capabilities ,adaptive capabilities, and organizational adaptive performance as well as explore the moderators and/or mediators of that relationship. The method used is the literature review. The main findings constitute the propositions resulting from a developed conceptual framework.
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Keywords: educational neuroscience; school context; self-regulation; systematic review
Self-regulation in school contexts is a subject that caught the attention of researchers from many disciplines. Educational neuroscience is an emerging research field aiming to bridge the neuroscientific knowledge and methodology with those of more consecrated research disciplines investigating learning and education, like psychology, sociology or education. Our paper investigates recent empirical studies exploring self-regulation in preK-12 educational contexts and which were identified as educational neuroscientific literature. As a result of an extensive search and filtering process conducted in conformity with the systematic review methodology, we found five articles that passed the predefined filtering criteria. Our findings suggest that this type of literature appeared mostly in the last decade with the occasion of new neuroscientific methodologies allowing conducting non-invasive advanced brain studies. The main self-regulation elements these studies focus on are academic motivation, attention orientation, self-perception on own mental abilities and behaviours, cognitive and emotional engagement in learning, social and task-related behaviour regulation. The methodologies used consisted mainly in self- or others-reported questionnaires, behavioural measures evaluation, academic performance measurement, computerized testing of cognitive abilities, physiological measures recordings (e.g. saliva or blood samples, heart rate), electroencephalography (EEG), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The samples included in the reviewed articles vary from preschool to primary, middle and high school students, comprising 376 participants in total. The reported research outcomes are rather limited but they also offer optimism regarding the possibilities to use neuroscientific methods for investigating self-regulation in an educational context. Various aspects regarding limitations of this type of research are discussed.
More...Keywords: Test anxiety; academic performance; psychological acceptance; self-regulation; multiple goal pursuit;
Given that unwanted thoughts are enhanced when suppressed, we tested among college freshmen who were about to take an academic exam if an acceptance strategy consisting of not suppressing intrusive thoughts will improve test performance. This strategy proved superior to students’ own default strategies as much as a modified, alternative strategy, avoiding the antecedents of intrusive thoughts. Moreover, the combination of the two strategies counteracted a stronger, negative effect of test anxiety on test performance as compared with each strategy used alone. The results suggest that not only intrusive thoughts per se but also the suppression of these thoughts can disrupt test performance, and hint that approaching such thoughts with acceptance may not interfere with simultaneously working toward avoiding the antecedents of these thoughts.
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Keywords: spirituality; independent component analysis; functional networks; ventral attention network; frontotemporal; parietal
Background and aims. Spirituality is an important component of 12-step programs for behavioral and substance addictions and has been linked to recovery processes. Understanding the neural correlates of spiritual experiences may help to promote efforts to enhance recovery processes in behavioral addictions. We recently used general linear model (GLM) analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging data to examine neural correlates of spiritual experiences, with findings implicating cortical and subcortical brain regions. Although informative, the GLM-based approach does not provide insight into brain circuits that may underlie spiritual experiences. Methods. Spatial independent component analysis (sICA) was used to identify functional brain networks specifically linked to spiritual (vs. stressful or neutral-relaxing) conditions using a previously validated guided imagery task in 27 young adults. Results. Using sICA, engagement of a ventral frontotemporal network was identified that was engaged at the onset and conclusion of the spiritual condition in a manner distinct from engagement during the stress or neutral-relaxing conditions. Degree of engagement correlated with subjective reports of spirituality in the scanner (r = .71, p < .001) and an out-of-the-magnet measure of spirituality (r = .48, p < .018). Discussion and conclusion. The current findings suggest a distributed functional neural network associated with spiritual experiences and provide a foundation for investigating brain mechanisms underlying the role of spirituality in recovery from behavioral addictions.
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Keywords: prioritizing positivity; psychometric properties; well-being; satisfaction with life; happiness
Prioritizing positivity means making decisions and choices about everyday activities to increase the chances of experiencing positive emotions. People have different levels of prioritizing positivity (PP), and the Prioritizing Positivity Scale is used to capture such individual differences. Past research indicates that prioritizing positivity is conducive to well-being. The following article presents the Polish adaptation of the Prioritizing Positivity Scale (PPS) and its psychometric properties. There were three samples in this study (n1 = 229, n2.= 253, n3 = 226). The method has a single-factor structure and high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .84 to .87). Prioritizing positivity measured with the Polish version of the Prioritizing Positivity Scale was associated with several indicators of well-being.
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Keywords: learned helplessness; self-handicapping; mindfulness; well being
Learned helplessness and self-handicapping are considered self-defenses in situations of perceived lack of control аnd insecurity. The research purpose was to study their effect on well-being. 325 respondents of the convenient sample completed seven scales: on learned helplessness, self-handicapping, self-esteem, life meaning, mindfulness, optimism, and flourishing. Results reveal that flourishing decreases in result of self-handicapping, but this effect is fully mediated by the lack of perceived control and self-esteem and partially mediated by life meaning and the mindfulness. Learned helplessness also reduces experienced well-being, but this effect is fully mediated by self-esteem and partially mediated by and optimism, life meaning, and mindfulness. This suggests that learned helplessness and self-handicapping can be considered reactive or preventive situational responses, mediated by self-esteem, optimism and active reflection of situations and opportunities, and life meaning, being pathways, counter-balancing self-defenses.
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Keywords: emotional intelligence; self-awareness; emotions; awareness;
Ettevõtete ja organisatsioonide juhid puutuvad oma karjääris kokku erinevate juhtimiskoolitustega, mis õpetavad, kuidas paremini ja tõhusamalt juhtida. Juhtimise vallas on üldjuhul kaks teooriat: juhtimise arendamine (leadership development) ja juhtide arendamine (leader development). Viimase alla liigitub üks juhile oluline võime – emotsionaalne intelligentsus. Essee eesmärk on anda ülevaade emotsionaalsest intelligentsusest: mõiste tähendusest ning sellest, kuidas see toetab juhiks arenemist ja juhiks olemist.
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Keywords: trauma-sensitive yoga; prison yoga; restorative justice
The aim of the article is to present arguments in support of the practice of yoga among prison populations as a suitable therapeutic activity with rehabilitative potential that could widen the range of activities offered to prison inmates. The article focuses on the concept of trauma-sensitive yoga and its benefits for mental health and emotional regulation, rooted in a wealth of international research. The practice of prison yoga constitutes a restorative approach to offenders and is therefore considered to be a potential restorative trauma-informed approach to prison inmates.
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Keywords: self-compassion; SCS-SF; ant colony optimization; short-form selection; confirmatory factor analysis
The general purpose of this study is to validate the Turkish version of the short form of Self- Compassion Scale (SCS) by Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). For this purpose, data were collected from two different samples. Sample-1 (n = 398) and Sample-2 (n = 233) consist of young and middle-aged adults. Short forms were created by selecting the most suitable items for unidimensional, two-factor correlated, six-factor correlated, six-factor higher-order, bifactor-CFA and bifactor- ESEM factor structures using ACO over Sample-1, and the best short form was determined using model-data fit indices. After the determination of the bifactor-ESEM with Sample-1 as the best factor structure, the model data fits and reliability indices of the relevant factor structure were cross-validated on Sample-2. Strict measurement invariance was established between age groups. The results indicate that the SCS-SF developed in this study is a valid and reliable measurement tool with a bifactor-ESEM structure with 12 items, 6 specific factors, and a general factor.
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Keywords: management; epidemic; COVID-19; occupational health
This study aims to demonstrate how senior leadership applies to high-reliability organizations' functions when managing the Coronavirus pandemic in healthcare organizations and extend the current research by focusing on identifying which functions are more important for the leadership when managing crises in healthcare organizations. To achieve the aim of the study, a qualitative research approach was applied with well-known statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics were applied to determine the characteristics of variables. A correlation matrix shows the relationship between variables, while explanatory factor analyses were employed to determine the reliability of the variables. Ordinary least square regression analysis was used to emphasize the relationship between the role of leadership and different functions in high reliability healthcare organizations in Turkey. It has been found that the role of leadership has a positive and significant relationship with organizational safety, organizational trust, collective mindfulness, flexibility, and communication functions. In addition, the importance of leadership in healthcare organizations will improve many functions in an effective and professional manner, which is reflected in the reduction of the spread of Coronavirus which has been found among workers and in different environments.
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Keywords: Semiotic mechanisms; Semiosalong; Conference report;
The 2021 Spring Semi Salon was held online, the first session on April 15. The theme of the spring was "Transformation and other semiotic mechanisms" and the presentations were held in English. According to the organizers, the series focused on the multiplicity of meaning-making mechanisms: small pieces of information, from which meanings are put together, come from diverse sources and sign systems. Each meaning has multiple meanings. So the main questions were: what kind of relations prevail between the sign systems? How can they even function together? Translation between sign systems is always a conversion.
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Keywords: machine learning; development; artificial intelligence; robotics;
Robot learning is the investigation of procedures that empower a robot to procure new information or abilities through AI calculations. A few applications that have been investigated by robot learning incorporate getting a handle on objects, object classification and, surprisingly, semantic communication with a human companion. Learning can occur through self-investigation or by means of direction from a human administrator. To learn, astute robots should aggregate realities through human information or sensors. Then, the robot's handling unit will contrast the recently procured information with recently put away data and foresee the best game-plan in light of the information it has gained.
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Keywords: Self-compassion; consumer behavior; marketing communication; brand management; positive psychology;
As a result of its historical transformation, marketing has developed to have an approach that creates value for both brands and consumers. In this context, understanding consumers and being able to communicate effectively are seen as key in terms of ensuring longterm sustainability. As a result of the importance stated, it is very decisive for the consumers to be understood and supported at an individual level and to structure the marketing communication in a way that can be carried out at a sustainable level. Coping strategies, which are one of the important subjects of positive psychology, are defined as the ways individuals resort to when faced with a certain difficulty. In the early 2000s, the concept of "self-compassion" was added to these strategies, which were defined in the focus on self and individual evaluations of the self. Self-compassion; has three different dimensions: common humanity, awareness and self-kindness. Self-compassion, which can be summarized as a long-term, non-judgmental and constructive approach to a challenge experienced by individuals, has been studied for a long time in the field of psychology. Additionally, it is seen that the concept has been used in communication research and in the field of management and organization in the recent period. However, research in the field of marketing is quite limited. However, human behavior is such a holistic output that it cannot be evaluated separately from the psychological states of individuals, and approaches to developing the scope for understanding consumer behavior are of great importance. For the stated reasons, in this research, self-compassion-oriented studies developed with a marketing perspective were examined and evaluated in terms of potential contribution to the field and practitioners. Since the literature is still in the development stage, it is anticipated that these studies will form an important basis for the following studies.
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Keywords: neuroethological; human behavior; meditation; religions;
A neuroethological examination of the behavior and the cognition of nonhuman and human beings shows a connection between biological specializations to social behavior. It shows that ancestral organs and manners are usually regulated differently, duplicated, and repurposed so that an animal can act in a particular way. A neuroethological approach shows that highly specialized mechanisms have changed over time to translate immediate parallel circuits and social contexts that have changed over time. According to this approach, highly specialized mechanisms have changed to enable translation of perceived nonsocial and social signals into partially interconnected nonsocial and shared motivational pointers that have together created general-purpose techniques that command behavior. Dissimilarities in social conduct between species and between members of a species are partly due to neuromodulatory regulation of neutral circuits that appears to be controlled partly by genetics. The intraspecific difference in social behavior is important as it assists an animal to adapt to a particular situation. This review suggests that neuroethological approach to human behavior can assist in the understanding of human behavior.
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Keywords: dialectical behavior therapy; anxiety; depression; stress; pandemic; therapy effectiveness;
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) was developed by Linehan for clients with borderline personality disorder. It is based on behaviorist approach, Zen Buddhism, and dialectical philosophy. There are four components: individual session, group skills training, telephone coaching, and consultation team. DBT group skill training consists of four modules in total, including mindfulness, interpersonal effectiveness, stress tolerance, and emotion regulation skills. Many studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of DBT and DBT group skills training. In this study, the effectiveness of 8-week DBT group skill training in university students on depression, anxiety, and stress levels during the pandemic was investigated. In addition, the improvements in emotion regulation, mindfulness, and interpersonal effectiveness skills were observed. A total of 17 women, who were undergraduate students between the ages of 18-24, participated in the study. An online self-evaluation form was sent to the participants and feedback was given to the applicants by phone call. Sociodemographic Information Form, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form, Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire-Short Form, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale were sent online to the selected participants before participating in the group skill training, after the 4th session, and at the end of the 8th week. According to the results, DBT group skill training was found to be helpful in reducing depression, anxiety, and stress levels. In addition, an increase was observed in emotion regulation and interpersonal competence skills.
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