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THE PENITENTIARY AT NIŠ (II)

THE PENITENTIARY AT NIŠ (II)

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Serbia; prison; Niš; KPZ Niš; quality of life; security; lawfulness; social resettlement; outside world contact; personnel;

Conditions of life and work of the entire personnel should be improved through increased salaries and other benefits that would motivate them to work conscientiously and in a legal manner. In this connection, the existing differences in salaries should be reconsidered while keeping in mind the role and importance of particular services as prescribed by the law; The personnel should be permanently encouraged to upgrade their knowledge and professional capacity by attending courses of in-service training and seminars aimed at improving humane treatment of prisoners, work efficiency and the personnel's commitment to their job; Gender discrimination in the process of recruitment should be prevented; In the process of recruitment, particular care should be paid to a candidate's social and emotional suitability; Additional specialists should be engaged for the work in the admission department; The personnel should be educated in dealing with special categories of prisoners, or specialists should be engaged for this purpose.

Effects of Refugee Crisis on Gender Policies: Studies on EU and Turkey

Effects of Refugee Crisis on Gender Policies: Studies on EU and Turkey

Author(s): Pelin Sönmez / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: refugees; EU; Turkey; gender; policy

Debates on "migration of women" got stronger when globalization and its challenges were felt around 1980 and onwards. In Europe, the period between 1960 and 1973 was known as the golden age of social welfare state while in the 1990s this social welfare model came into a crisis and many European governments cut resources on social services. Suddenly, migrant women began to be a rational choice to compensate the gap as they provided cheap labour for social welfare services. As a result, home care became the most common social welfare service supplemented by migrant women (Öner, 2015: 358). This actually increased the demand for female migrant workers who often come from countries outside Europe. Bisi Adeleye-Fayemi argues from another perspective in her studies and says that the globalization and implementation of economic policies resulted in the feminization of poverty, which actually refers a situation where “women rather than man are especially at risk of being poor in industrialized countries” (Hyndman and Giles, 2011: 363).

The Special Spatial Forms of Hungarian Architecture

The Special Spatial Forms of Hungarian Architecture

Author(s): János Gerle / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

The concept of a special Hungarian architecture emerged in the early 19th century, when cultural independence was an important issue in other areas, too. Count István Széchenyi’s writings on this subject in 1834 (Dust and Mud in Pest) are considered to be the fi rst formulations of these concepts, which are still valid today: “I cannot describe the varied and unusual impressions the city made on me when I fi rst travelled down the Danube to Pest…On going ashore I asked, where is the old city; where are the dwellings of the descendants of the Scythians of yore; where is the court of their princes? I look at these dwellings and the question arises automatically: how is it that in the middle of Hungary, the Hungarian of today lives in houses built in the Italian style? Neither the northern nor the southern model is perfectly suited for Hungarian buildings; the original image of the Hungarian nation and its climate has special characteristics, even if they aren’t necessarily striking, so its architecture must be independent, and, consequently, these edifi ces must necessarily show special features…”

Prisons in Serbia (April, 2010)

Prisons in Serbia (April, 2010)

Author(s): Marija Jelić,Gordana Lukić-Samardžija,Ljiljana Palibrk,Ivan Kuzminović / Language(s): English

Keywords: Požarevac penitentiary; reformatory for women; quality and conditions of life; security; legality of the prison regime; re-socialization; contact with the outside world; institutional personnel;

The team of the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia (HCHRS) has always paid particular attention to the Penitentiary-Reformatory for Women in Požarevac given that it is the only institution in Serbia for women under sentence, with numerous specificities this entails. Having in mind the reports on previous visits, it can be concluded that the prison conditions are still far from adequate, although steps have been taken regarding the maintenance and renovation of this institution. Certain parts of the prison are decently adapted and furnished given that these activities are funded by modest working capital, however the majority of accommodation facilities remain in need of urgent transformation. This refers to an entire wing of the prison ward in particular, as well as to the numerous premises used both by the prisoners and the staff. It should be noted that some of the buildings of the Penitentiary-Reformatory for Women in Požarevac are among the oldest in the system of the execution of criminal sanctions of the Republic of Serbia. The main building was built 136 years ago, and has since been considerably reconstructed twice (in 1911 and 1971).

The Limitations of E-commerce Development in Full Operating Cycle Firms: V4 Countries Case

The Limitations of E-commerce Development in Full Operating Cycle Firms: V4 Countries Case

Author(s): Emilia Brożyna,Grzegorz Michalski,Guenter Blendinger,Ahmed Ahmidat / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: financing e-commerce; financial analysis; financial performance; V4 financial reality; financial liquidity management;

Financial efficiency of an entities operating in full operating cycle conditions is influenced by environmental characteristics. That paper analyzes one of the financial results measured by cash tied in inventories in e-commerce full operating cycle financially constrained V4 entities. In recent decades, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe there are significant changes in national economies. Many of them joined the European Union in 2004. Among the EU Member States noteworthy is the largest group of countries of Central and Eastern Europe: Czechia, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary. On 15 February 1991 they have concluded an agreement on the formation of the Visegrad Group. It was aimed at expanding cooperation between these countries and in the initial phase of accession to the European Union and NATO. Analysis of the changes that have taken place in companies using online sales in the countries of the Visegrad Group is the subject of this article.

“THE GUEST DOESN’T LIKE ANOTHER GUEST, AND THE HOST LIKES NEITHER'': SOMALI REFUGEES FORGOTTEN IN A SATELLITE TOWN

“THE GUEST DOESN’T LIKE ANOTHER GUEST, AND THE HOST LIKES NEITHER'': SOMALI REFUGEES FORGOTTEN IN A SATELLITE TOWN

Author(s): Ayşe Yıldırım / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: migration; anthropology; guest; host; Somali refugees; Turkey; Burdur;

Without doubt, every migratory wave begets serious problems with many dimensions in the fields of education, employment, integration, or gender issues. A recent mass migratory move, if more numerous, can cause delays in policies towards an older refugee group. The Syrian war and the subsequent mass migration towards Turkey channeled both academic and administrative focus towards this group. As the transformative power of migration increases, so does the academic interest in this topic. In this respect, we can understand the abundance of research on Syrians compared to the paucity of studies on African refugees as a reflection of the size and impact of the Syrian stock and flows.

Puns as tools for teaching English grammar in a university context

Puns as tools for teaching English grammar in a university context

Author(s): Agnieszka Solska / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Explicit and implicit grammar teaching; puns; ambiguity; wordplay; language play; consciousness raising activities

This paper addresses the issue of teaching grammar to students who are learning English at the tertiary level, especially those who have taken up English as a university subject. It makes a case for incorporating yet another tool in the extensive toolkit already available to their teachers: puns, an ambiguity-based wordplay whose effect springs from correlating two distinct meanings via one linguistic form. The paper outlines arguments for the pedagogical value of using puns in the classroom and presents examples of specific activities that can be employed in the classroom to raise L2 learners awareness of a whole range of grammar-related issues.

THE DEVELOPMENT TRAP at the heart of the Balkans. A socio-economic portrait of Gjilan, Kumanovo and Presevo

THE DEVELOPMENT TRAP at the heart of the Balkans. A socio-economic portrait of Gjilan, Kumanovo and Presevo

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

Keywords: Gjilan; Kumanovo; Preshevo; Kosovo; South-Serbia;

ESI has spent the past year studying economic trends in the region and looking for development potential. Most of the news is bad. Only a handful of the old socially owned enterprises have made a successful transition to private ownership. The new private sector is small in scale, dominated by shops, cafés and basic services, and can absorb only a fraction of the labour shed by industry. Commercial agriculture is on the decline, and family farms do not produce the revenues for reinvesting in machinery. We estimate that no more than 33 percent of the working-age population are employed, compared to the EU average of 63 percent. This is the development trap at the heart of the Western Balkans. Regions with this economic profile are not attractive to private investors. Nor do they generate significant revenues of their own to support public investments in development. Unless there is a concerted effort by central governments and their international partners to invest in overcoming the barriers to economic growth, the region will continue to fall further behind.

Lexical iconicity in Adamorobe Sign Language (AdaSL) and Ghanaian Sign Language (GSL)

Lexical iconicity in Adamorobe Sign Language (AdaSL) and Ghanaian Sign Language (GSL)

Author(s): Mary Edward / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: sign language; gesture; patterned iconicity; handheld tools; cognitive linguistics; Ghana; Adamorobe

The visual modality of sign languages offers a high potential for iconicity, i.e. resemblance relationships between form and meaning. Of particular interest is the understanding that iconicity is not monolithic but demonstrated through different devices and strategies that may be influenced by cultural factors and specific communicative contexts. This chapter discusses signers and gesturers preference for specific iconic strategies to name handheld tools. Signers of Ghanaian Sign Language (GSL) and Adamorobe Sign Language (AdaSL) were compared with rural gesturers (Adamorobe) and urban gesturers. Working within the cognitive linguistic framework, the chapter discusses signers and gesturers preference for instrument and handling strategies and the consistent use of iconic strategies across signers in each group. Signers and gesturers exhibited systematic preference for iconic representation of tools, choosing an action-based sign depicting how the object is held (handling) or depicting features of the object (instrument). Interesting finding of this chapter is the language contact situation in Adamorobe, and its influence on the rural gesturers’ preference for iconic representation although all the gesturers confirmed no prior knowledge of AdaSL.

WHEN BEING IN SOCIAL EXCLUSION RISK BECOMES RISKIER: SCHOOL OF SLIMNIC, VRANCEA, ROMANIA, IN PANDEMIC

WHEN BEING IN SOCIAL EXCLUSION RISK BECOMES RISKIER: SCHOOL OF SLIMNIC, VRANCEA, ROMANIA, IN PANDEMIC

Author(s): Dorina CROITORU,Ana GAVRILESCU / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: social exclusion risk; distance education; COVID-19 pandemic; Roma children;

For the whole world, the COVID-19 pandemic is a risk situation. All domains of activity are certainly affected by isolation and social distancing measures. Each social field is differently affected, but the Education sector is facing major challenges for teachers, students and institutional managers. In Romania, school activities have been suspended starting 12 March and there is a possibility to reopen them in September. Until then, all activity has been transferred online. In our case study, we examined a school from a disadvantaged part of the country, which is included in a predefined project called “Sustainable social and educational integration through sports activities”. The project takes place at the National University of Physical Education and Sport, Bucharest, Romania, in partnership with the Norwegian School of Sport Sciences. The objective of the project is to facilitate the educational and social integration of 2600 children at risk of social exclusion, selected from the 8 development regions of the country, through integrated activities based on sport. During school closure in the spring of 2020 (due to the COVID-19 pandemic), the situation for School no. 67, grades 5-8 (a sample that is in the project, mainly Roma population), is as follows: only 3 students have laptops, 2 students have personal computers, and 30 students have smartphones. Out of all 67, 35 communicate online, but 32 do not. The communication methods used for students with no online access include worksheets sent by regular mail, messages sent to keypad phones and talking using the landline."

System transformation and what happens next? Post-industrial heritage in Warsaw – an assessment attempt

SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION AND WHAT HAPPENS NEXT? POST-INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE IN WARSAW – AN ASSESSMENT ATTEMPT

Author(s): Agnieszka Dudzińska-Jarmolińska,Magdalena Fuhrmann / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: post-industrial areas; revitalisation; Warsaw; Wola; Praga-North

Warsaw is a city where we are observing dynamic spatial transformation. It is particularly visible in the area formerly occupied by industry. This paper attempts to assess changes that have lately occurred in the so-called industrial districts of Warsaw, i.e. in Praga and Wola. It was revealed that those changes are driven by different assumptions and their objective is to include degenerated post-industrial areas in the city structure and to attribute new functions to them, which leads to changes in broader spatial structures. And so Wola is transforming into offi ce and residential centre, whereas Praga-North – into artistic space, space of creative industries and residential space. The implemented changes contribute to the blurring and disappearance of the former character of those districts as well as the unique and legally protected post-industrial heritage. It was also observed that the potential of those areas commences to be accessible only for a selected social group, characterised by higher capital.

THE HOLOCAUST IN SLOVAKIA: PERSPECTIVE OF OBSERVERS. COPING WITH THE PAST?

THE HOLOCAUST IN SLOVAKIA: PERSPECTIVE OF OBSERVERS. COPING WITH THE PAST?

Author(s): Monika Vrzgulová / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Holocaust; Slovakia; World War II; Ethnological research;

The social and political changes in Slovakia after 1989 opened many new challenges, tasks, and issues. One of the consequences of these changes was the fact that the public and expert discourse started to raise topics on the modern history of Slovakia - before taboo, overlooked, or ideologically interpreted by the Communist regime. A request and interest suddenly emerged to explore our own history without the dictate of ideology, independently and openly. The history topics which were previously taboo referred to the period of the wartime Slovak state (1939-1945) and its totalitarian regime, and the forms of the Holocaust in Slovakia. Historians and social scientists started to explore these topics from the perspective of their science disciplines. In order to contribute to a critical re-assessment of the ideologically burdened images of the past and to the overcoming of historic stereotypes surviving in our societies, the oral history method is primarily used in my ethnological research. It represents an appropriate tool for the capturing of subjective testimonies of experienced events at a certain historic period. Thanks to this method, it is possible to obtain an interpretation of historic events from the perspective of individuals who are part of the society. My research is based on the assumption that the affiliation of a witness to a certain social group or groups determines his/her testimony, and the memory processes depend not only on external stimuli, but also on the particular social context (Halbwachs 1980; Assman 1992; Ferencová - Nosková 2009: 21-31).

THE ENTHUSIAST AS LEARNER: A CASE STUDY

THE ENTHUSIAST AS LEARNER: A CASE STUDY

Author(s): Aleksandra Litawa / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: passion; enthusiast; passion-inspired learning; enthusiast as learner

The easiest way to recognise an enthusiast is that they talk about their object of interest with a twinkle in their eye. The space occupied by this passion is their own individual world of values where, free from the outside world’s pressures, they have the opportunity not only to focus attention on issues that are important to them, but above all to think and act in a way that is optimal. The aim of the present research was to recognise the attributes of the enthusiast as learner. A qualitative strategy was adopted in the research and a single case study was used. Data was collected using an in-depth, semi-structured interview technique with a self-taught artist who loved painting on tree bark. The analysis of the interview provided insight into features characterising the enthusiast as learner. Attributes distinguished, i.e. curiosity, deep engagement and high motivation, determined each other. Importantly, they initiated the emergence of other, positive and desirable features from the perspective of learning, such as readiness to apply effort, perseverance and determination to achieve goals, courage and creativity in solving problems, belief in the rightness of actions undertaken, self-confidence, effectiveness and the pursuit of mastery.

Building Brand Image among Modern Individual Customers – Case Study of Starbucks Corporation

Building Brand Image among Modern Individual Customers – Case Study of Starbucks Corporation

Author(s): Maimoona Selinah Mabena,Geraldine Tatiana Diaz Riaño / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: corporate image building;brand management;mass marketing, segmentation marketing;customer management;loyalty

This case study presents the problems and challenges of image building for Starbucks. The company creates marketing strategies based on both mass marketing and segmentation marketing. In order to create a positive image in the eyes of specific types of individual customers, the company identifies obstacles and problems and undertakes actions aimed not only at creating comfortable, modern places that are attractive in the eyes of customers, but also actions aimed at making the shopping process more attractive by improving the distribution of products and services, conducting activities aimed at providing products that meet customers' needs and their proper promotion through various advertising activities. The case study below presents both the currently implemented ways of building the company's relationships with individual customers, as well as proposals for future solutions in this area.

COMMUNICATION AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EDUCATOR AND FOREIGN STUDENT IN INTERCULTURAL CLASSROOM

COMMUNICATION AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EDUCATOR AND FOREIGN STUDENT IN INTERCULTURAL CLASSROOM

Author(s): Anna Kazakantoni / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: intercultural education; communication; intercultural classroom;

In Greece, the composition of student population is linguistically and culturally diverse. For this reason, the Greek educational system faces many difficulties in the integration and education of these students. It is worth noting the noticeable change in the composition of students and the conversion of mono-cultural classes into multiculturalism, which has brought about administrative and institutional changes on the part of the state department, in order to keep the educational process in line with the new data. In the context of intercultural education, intercultural communication is a complex procedure. This term includes the communication between individuals or groups of different linguistic, social, cultural, ethnic, religious and educational background. It focuses on social attributes, thought patterns, and the cultures of different groups of people and also involves understanding the different cultures, languages and customs of people from other countries. Specifically, the aim of this study was to investigate the interactive relationships between educators and foreign students, the quality of their communication and interaction with each other, and any problems that make it difficult and ineffective.

METAPHORIC REPRESENTATION OF THE CONCEPT “CREATIVE PROCESS” IN V. NABOKOV’S NOVEL “THE GIFT”

METAPHORIC REPRESENTATION OF THE CONCEPT “CREATIVE PROCESS” IN V. NABOKOV’S NOVEL “THE GIFT”

Author(s): Albina Novikova,Yuliya Vladimirovna Golovnyova / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: metaphor; descriptor theory of metaphor; V. Nabokov; Russian literature; linguistic analysis of literary text;

Descriptions of the process of artistic creation take an outstanding place in V. Nabokov’s works and abound both in conventional and creative metaphors. In this article we analyze metaphoric representation of the concept “creative process” in V. Nabokov’s novel “The Gift”. The theoretical basis of research is the descriptor theory of metaphor by A.N. Baranov. The article reveals the most frequent metaphorical models of creative process in the novel and the areas of its metaphoric conceptualization.

THE EFFICIENCY OF THE VALUE CREATION MODEL IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

THE EFFICIENCY OF THE VALUE CREATION MODEL IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Author(s): Petr Suchánek,Martin Štěrba / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: value creation model; EVA ratio; financial analysis; performance; manufacturing industry;

The subject of this article is determining the efficiency of the Value Creation Model (VCM) in the manufacturing industry in the Czech Republic. The aim of the article is to identify and compare the ability of VCM to distinguish companies creating value or destroying value in the manufacturing and food industries. VCM has been designed on the research basis of food enterprises, where its explanatory power is very good. The question then becomes: what explanatory power does it have in other sectors? To determine and compare predictive ability, VCM values will be calculated for selected companies from the manufacturing industry and on that basis enterprises will be classified as enterprises creating or destroying value or enterprises in the so-called grey zone. The EVA ratio will be also calculated for the same enterprises and used to divide them into enterprises creating and destroying value. Finally, the consensus of classification by the VCM index and EVA will be determined for enterpriseswithin the sector and this will be compared with the level of agreement in food enterprises, which will serve as a control sample. So the efficiency of VCM within selected sectors will be determined and at the same time it will be possible to compare this efficiency between these sectors.

Where does the Czech Republic export to?

Where does the Czech Republic export to?

Author(s): Ladislava Kuchynková / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Czech export; foreign markets; foreign trade; CzechTrade agency; Free Trade Agreement;

This scoping review examines the current situation of the Czech export market and its prospects for the future. Firstly, it looks at the Czech Republic’s traditional partners, who are mainly its neighbouring countries, and highlights the main Czech export activities. It then focuses on perspective destinations from the perspective of the growing volume of trade in recent years, as well as from the perspective of the current dynamic development of local economies. The CzechTrade agency plays a key role in promoting Czech exports and is active abroad in its search for business opportunities and in helping new and existing Czech exporters in establishing themselves in new markets. The Free Trade Agreement is another important tool for supporting Czech exports, and Czech exporters have been able to utilize its many advantages.

Multivocality in Neo-Victorian Fiction

Multivocality in Neo-Victorian Fiction

Author(s): Adisa Ahmetspahić / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: multivocality; historiographic metafiction; neo-Victorian; Waterland; Possession;

The late twentieth-century Britain has shown great degrees of emulation of the Victorian era with the aim of regaining the past glory and stirring the national pride. Fictional works produced at the time were categorized as neo-Victorian fiction. These works critically asses and talk/write back to the Victorian values, thereby countering Victorian metanarratives and allowing the emergence of petit récits. The aim of this paper is to broaden current knowledge of multivocality through the lens of historiographic metafiction in neo-Victorian fiction. The paper discusses two neo-Victorian novels: A. S. Byatt’s Possession and Graham Swift’s Waterland. The principal concern of this paper is the degree to which neo-Victorian fiction relies on historiographic metafiction and how historiographic metafiction engenders multivocality that had been suppressed in the Victorian age. Discussions of both novels greatly revolve around the historical representation of the past, the role of history and its narrativization, and the plurality of history, whereas the discussion of Byatt’s Possession takes into consideration the position of women and women artist’s autonomy in the Victorian era.

The Return of History in Colin Thubron's Travelogue Behind the Wall: A Journey through China

The Return of History in Colin Thubron's Travelogue Behind the Wall: A Journey through China

Author(s): Pavel Petkov / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: China; travel writing; imagology; history; postcolonial

The paper discusses Colin Thubron’s book Behind the Wall: A Journey Through China – one of the most popular twentiethcentury travelogues about this country. It explores the various ways in which the author constructs the image of the Chinese people, especially when these images are related to China’s recent history. More specifically, I focus on a discursive phenomenon – an imagined “return of history” – which the reader can witness throughout the book. The author constantly travels around the country, expecting to somehow see the history he has heard so much about at home. He expects something from China and is prepared to see this ‘something’ even in the face of the evidence. At the same time he feels he has every right to pass judgments on what he perceives as history, while denying the Chinese he meets the right to comment on British history.The paper discusses Colin Thubron’s book Behind the Wall: A Journey Through China – one of the most popular twentiethcentury travelogues about this country. It explores the various ways in which the author constructs the image of the Chinese people, especially when these images are related to China’s recent history. More specifically, I focus on a discursive phenomenon – an imagined “return of history” – which the reader can witness throughout the book. The author constantly travels around the country, expecting to somehow see the history he has heard so much about at home. He expects something from China and is prepared to see this ‘something’ even in the face of the evidence. At the same time he feels he has every right to pass judgments on what he perceives as history, while denying the Chinese he meets the right to comment on British history.