Keywords: book review; translatological theory; pragmatics of artistic translation;
Review of: Maria Krysztofiak "Translatological Theory and pragmatics of artistic translation"
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Keywords: geneza religii; geneza kultury; przemoc; Biblia; mimetyzm; kozioł ofiarny
René Girard francuski antropolog kulturowy, pracujący w Ameryce jest autorem koncepcji wyjaśniającej nieświadome posługiwanie się mechanizmem kozła ofiarnego w przypadku rozmaitych kryzysów społecznych. Pozbycie się kozła ofiarnego pozornie przywraca ład w społeczeństwie, ale w późniejszym okresie następuje jego sakralizacja i w ostateczności może powstać nowa religia. W dziejach opisywanych na kartach Biblii również dochodzi do wykorzystania tego mechanizmu. Lecz w nich również ten mechanizm zostaje ujawniony. Tamże pokazuje się również, że możliwe jest też rozwiązanie kryzysu bez użycia przemocy.
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Keywords: lexic; Polish dictionaries
Language is continuously changing, and so is i.a. the semantic scope of words. These changes concern also the basic lexical resource. Do the contemporary dictionaries of Polish keep up with the changes? The subject of this paper is a selected example of a description of a lexical norm codified in such dictionaries. The principal goal of this paper is to determine the significance of the specification level of the description of the lexical meaning of the units defined in dictionaries (e.g. mleć (to grind), mielony (ground)) for certain language users. It turns out that it is crucial for interpreting various legal acts and regulations. It influences i.a. the interpretation of tax regulations and, what follows, the amount of taxes to be paid by enterprises or their customers. The analysis uses the language material contained in Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego (National Corpus of Polish). This paper describes how the content of entries could affect the classification of goods and the VAT rate calculated on the goods – it describes the practical application of the lexical norm in a field that seems to be far from linguistics, namely industry and economy.
More...![Palatinates of Right-Bank Ukraine in the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries: studies and source materials], Lviv, 2012, ss. 702](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2013_36876.png)
Keywords: Oder; floods; aquacriticism; ecocriticism; environmental literature;
The author aims at presenting examples of literary descriptions of Odra flooding (especially in the context of the most recent in 1997 and 2010) and the river regions in the perspective of aquacriticism. This approach belongs to a wider concept of ecocriticism which perceives the river as a key part of environment. The question being posed is what kind of influence can be traced in literary texts representing floods and how does literature influence perception of aquatic catastrophes such as floods. Since flood belongs to the catastrophe discourse, it blurs anthropocentric knowledge on rivers and indicates aquacentric modes of recognition. The ecoparadigmatic role of Odra is indicated by Silesian authors (in the collection Wie die Oder rauscht) and writers biographically connected with the river (Tokarczuk). The environmental function of the river can be better acknowledged through literary fiction that “gives voice to the river”.
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Keywords: theatrical play; Bolesława Lament; performance; message; values;
The article analyses selected theatricals written by Blessed Bolesława Lament and used in educational institutions run by the Congregation of Missionary Sisters of the Holy Family. The texts preserved show the main objectives that guided the Mother Foundress as an author. Her main intention was praising God as well as passing in an artistic form basic truths of the faith and selected events from the history of salvation. They also showed the proper hierarchy of values and the consequences of negligence in pursuing Christian perfection. Besides, they contained patriotic and national elements, attractive for the audience living under foreign rule and during wartime.
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Keywords: Lviv; patriotism; Polish newspapers; satire;
“Szczutek” was published in Lviv from 1869 to 1896. The article is to describe and analyze the figure of Gogo, which is the hero of the anonymous, periodical, 4-verse poems. Gogo is an egoist focused on his own fashionable appearance. The hero is a satirical example of a citizen who virtues like patriotism, family and faith treats instrumentally, for Gogo such traditional values are of little importance.
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Keywords: child; Kornei Chukovsky; children’s poetry; imagination; dziecko; Korniej Czukowski; poezja dla dzieci; wyobraźnia
In the following article the author’s aim is to analyze how originals and translations influence the reader’s imagination. In fact, an average reader’s imaginative potential cannot be verified by any means available to a linguist. However, imagination is affected by images created by linguistic units embedded in a text. The article brings an attempt at identifying those elements of the original and translation that have the potential to activate colours and tints in a child’s imagination. Then, the author gauges whether the impressions made by the texts in this respect are comparable or different. The research material is a poem by Kornei Chukovsky, “Tarakanishche” (“Cock-the-Roach”), and its Polish translation, “Karaluszysko”. The analysis carried out leads to the conclusion that the target text contains elements that can affect the young reader’s imagination more strongly. This is the result of using exclamatory sentences, emotionally loaded vocabulary, sensory words and more detailed imagery. The greater complexity of the images in the translation creates more vivid mental pictures and potentially leads to a slightly different reception. // Zaprezentowany artykuł został poświęcony badaniu jednostek językowych, które potencjalnie mogą wpłynąć na wyobraźnię dziecka jako odbiorcy tekstu literackiego. Materiałem analizy jest wiersz K. Czukowskiego Тараканище oraz jego przekład na język polski – Karaluszysko. Badanie bogactwa i siły wyobraźni dziecka, która nie zna granic, jest niemożliwe przy wykorzystaniu narzędzi językoznawczych. Jednak analiza zawartości leksykalnej tekstu literackiego pozwala na wyekscerpowanie takich jednostek, które w sposób bezpośredni mogą oddziaływać na emocje dziecka. Porównanie badanych tekstów pozwoliło na wniosek, że tekst przekładu może znacznie silniej wpłynąć na wyobraźnię niedorosłego odbiorcy. Potencjał taki mają m.in. zdania wykrzyknikowe, leksyka nacechowana emocjonalnie oraz leksyka o charakterze sensorycznym. Pod ich wpływem „kolory” dziecięcej wyobraźni stają się bardziej wyraziste.
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Keywords: Daily language; sacred text; comparison;
The author analyzes individual and current comparisons. In the daily language functions the comparisons clichés. Individual comparisons testify to personal contact with the sacred text. However, often the experience of the sacred text in the form of comparisons may be the result of the influence of the environment.
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Keywords: St Demetrius; Byzantium; Balkans; Ruthenia; deacon; soldier; scorpion;
Evil wins by good, darkness by light and profanum by sacrum in every tradition. The saints, and between them St Demetrius of Thessaloniki too, achieves an analogous victory. St Demetrius was a deacon, but he is most often presented as a soldier for example in art. The legend says that St Demetrius defeated the scorpion (the personification of evil) by the sign of the cross in prison. This saint can also win with the gladiator Lieus, emperor Maximian, tsar Kaloyan or the Turk instead of the scorpion, and he does it on horseback or on foot, with a weapon or by the calcatio gesture. Not only are there historical sources, liturgical texts or belles-lettres presenting St Demetrius, but also art as well as folklore.
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Keywords: Lexical homonymy; lexemes; Polish language;
An attempt to apply the lexicographic terminology and methodology with reference to a dialectal material is made in this paper. There are three types of dialectal homonymy distinguished in the Poznań and agricultural dialectal lexis: 1) homonymy of the lexemes belonging to the same dialectal variant of the Polish language; 2) homonymy of the lexemes belonging to different dialectal variants of the Polish language; 3) homonymy of the lexemes belonging to dialectal and standard variants of the Polish language.
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Keywords: book reivew;hungarian culture; hungarian architecture;
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Keywords: Book art; new media; e-book; inter-medium;
The text describes, how the book art corresponds with the transformations of social and cultural life, associated with birth of liquid modernity. The revolution that the book publishing market is going through today will make enormous changes in the perception of book and its form. The volume, which we know, will no longer exist. It seems that e-book will become basic form of book and traditional book will turn to art and something we call artist’s books.
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Keywords: proclaiming the cross; mass prayers; sacrifice of Christ;
Mass prayers for the Feast of Exaltation of the Cross are strongly emphasize the importance of the cross in the life of Christians. The mystery of the cross is revealed to the faithful as our redemption. Christ by his sacrifice won with death, Satan and sat at the right of God. The Christian confesses that he is glorified by the cross of the Lord Jesus. Mass prayers in this day accentuate the mission of Jesus Christ as the savior. He through his death confirmed the truths proclaimed during his life on earth. And the sacrifice of Jesus, which was made on the cross, leads to heaven all his believers.
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Keywords: rosarius; Vocabularius Ex quo; Old Polish lexis; lexicography; gloss
The authors present the concept of using the database in comparative research of Latin documents with Polish glosses. Research is conducted on the basis of the Polish vocabulary from the 15th century copies of the "Vocabularius ex quo". Referring to the previous forms of publication of Polish glosses such as various editions and the entries of the "Old Polish Dictionary", the authors show a new method of the source texts analysis. The XYZ project is based on this approach. The information gathered in the database will enable researchers to determine relations between particular copies. Additionally, it allows to systematize and describe the recorded linguistic material.
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Keywords: Ukraine; Revolution of Dignity; the art of Maidan; imaging devices; text of culture; poetics of literature; stylistic devices;
The source of the analysed material is the anthology Mystets’kyĭ Barbakan, only 300 copies of which have been printed. It is a collection of works of literature, journalism, and art from the period of the Ukrainian Revolution of Dignity (the so-called Maĭdan) of 2013–2014. We focus on the works of art containing both words and images and we combine approaches from language and cultural studies: the imaging devices used in these selected works have been analyzed using the tools of poetics of literature and media, as well as linguistic methodology
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Keywords: “Jewish question”; prayer book; Machsor; Yom Kippur; Haskalah; Jewish identity; linguistic image of the world; cultural codes
The analysis of the prayer contained in the Hebrew-Russian prayer book allows to describe the linguistic image of God and his people — Israel/Jews. Appealing to the patriarchs, to the covenant between God and Israel, to the Torah, Jerusalem and temple worship, that is, the centuries-long Jewish religious tradition, are cultural codes, and at the same time key components of Jewish identity. They are a point of reference in considering so called the Jewish question, taking into account primarily the Jewish perspective, not the Christian one.
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Keywords: Kroniki tygodniowe [‘Weekly Chronicles’] by Bolesław Prus; readers’ competences
Bolesław Prus has always been a widely-read writer (which means that his books must have been relatively easy). But his press texts are more difficult and less attractive for readers. In order to understand such texts the reader must be equipped with additional instruments and generally must be better prepared. The article is supposed to answer the question what the efforts were that the consecutive editors of the ‘Chronicles’ made to help the reader of the press texts understand them better and what image of the scale of that indispensable help the editors had. The article presents four editions of the ‘Chronicles’ by Bolesław Prus in the chronological order. Special attention has been paid to the information included in the introductions or prefaces to the editions concerning potential readers and the instructions for them which were expected to help them understand the contents and the author’s intentions. Not much less attention has been devoted to the information and remarks placed by the editors in the texts of the ‘Chronicles’ or in their foot- or endnotes.
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Keywords: terminographic modelling; microstructure; macrostructure; terminological lexicon; term bas
The aim of the article is to discuss the possibilities of modelling term bases in modern computer-assisted translation tools. The article discusses the approach where a term base is treated as a terminological dictionary with a specified micro- and macrostructure and a welldefined matrix for the description of lexical items. The article suggests ways to implement the aforementioned concept in teaching translation and concludes that terminographic modelling should be an integral part of computer-assisted translation training.
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Keywords: Professor Stefania Andrusiw; Ukrainian literary studies; Ukrainian literature
The article presents scientific profile and didactic achievements of Professor Stefania Andrusiw, during her fruitful work at The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin.
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