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The beginnings of the Jasenovac concentration camp

Počeci logora Jasenovac

Author(s): Mario Kevo / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 3/2003

Keywords: World War II; NDH; Independent State of Croatia); the Jasenovac camp; deportations; victims

The early stages of the Jasenovac concentration camp from its very beginnings to the end of 1941 are described by present author. After the Rome Agreement, the Independent State of Croatia (ISC/NDH) was forced to abandon the first camps already founded within the Italian occupation zone. The establishment of the Jasenovac camp(s) was ordered by Eugen-Dido Kvaternik, most probably, in July 1941. Jasenovac is a small village situated in the Lonja valley, which Ustasha authorities wanted to drain and to begin the reclamation of the land. In that year the Government of ISC/NDH established Camp I – Krapje (August 19th) and Camp II – Brocice (September 10th). Because of bad weather and ground conditions the construction of Camp III – “Ciglana” (the “Brickyard”) was started later, in mid-October 1941. After the closure of the Camps I and II the surviving inmates were transferred to the new “Brickyard” camp in mid-November 1941. Its organization however wasn`t completed until the end of 1941. New groups of detainees, sent by the Ustasha authorities, began to join those in the “Brickyard”. They were mostly Jews and Serbs, but the first groups of Croats also began to arrive. At first camp inmates were employed in the Lonja valley; where they built embankments. Later, in the “Brickyard” they were divided into several work groups. For example: the Construction Work Group, the Chain Factory Work Group, the Brickyard Work Group, the Farm Work Group, the Sawmill and the Electrical Work Groups etc. These work groups were divided to other subgroups. Camp inmates lived under very bad and inhuman conditions. Because of lack of food, poor hygienic conditions, disease and physical cruelty, detainees died in large numbers. Also, camp inmates were killed individually or in mass liquidations. The first mass-liquidation occured in early November 1941, the second took place in mid-November. On Christmas 1941 a third mass-liquidation was carried out. Based on available documents and plans, the author describes Camp III – the “Brickyard”. In addition, some details about the early Camp Command and military forces securing the camp area are also given.

THE HRVATSKA MATICA ISELJENIKA (CROATIAN HERITAGE FOUNDATION): 1964 TO 1968

Matica iseljenika Hrvatske 1964. - 1968.

Author(s): Iva Kraljević / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 1/2009

Keywords: Matica iseljenika Hrvatske (Croatian Heritage Foundation); Većeslav Holjevac; Emigration

The Croatian Heritage Foundation was founded on 12 February 1951 in Zagreb as a cultural-educational society with the intention of maintaining cultural and friendly relations between the emigrant community and the homeland. In the period between 1964 and 1968, the Foundation developed a very important activity in connecting the homeland with Croatian emigrants. At that time, a qualitative change in its work became apparent in its approach to the then current issue of economic emigration and the creation of links with members of the Croat nation in European lands. The changes that took place were in part tied to the melioration of government policies toward emigrants at the beginning of the 1960s, and in part to the arrival of a new president of the Foundation, Većeslav Holjevac. During the term of his presidency, events occurred for which Holjevac was investigated by the Party, resulting ultimately in his departure from Croatian political life in 1967. What spurred the investigations was the appearance of the Deklaracija o nazivu i položaju hrvatskog književnog jezika [the Declaration concerning the name and status of the Croatian literary language] in March 1967, when in party debates, the Croatian Heritage Foundation, along with the Matica Hrvatska [Croatian Cultural Foundation], the Društvo književnika Hrvatske [Society of Croatian writers], and the Institut za historiju radničkog pokreta [Institute for the history of the workers’ movement] were designated “hotbeds of nationalism”.

Activities of the Cominform supporters in Slavonski Brod area (1948-1955)

Djelovanje “ibeovaca” na području Slavonskoga Broda 1948.-1955.

Author(s): Martin Previšić / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 10/2010

Keywords: Cominform (Information Bureau); Slavonski Brod; State security administration (UDBa); Cominform groups; Cominform emigration; penalties

The consequences of the conflict between (Information Bureau of Communist Parties, IB) the Cominform and the Communist Party of Yugoslavia caught the entire area of Yugoslavia, including Slavonski Brod. The first followings of Cominform supporters in the analized area, started in 1948. There are two characteristic types of action of the Cominform Resolution supporters: groups around Josip Ereš and the group in Gimnasium of Slavonski Brod. Both groups were active during 1948 and 1949 when their activities were suppressed by the State Security Service (UDBA). Both groups were known to have acted on propagandist plan. Individual activities started in 1948, and ended in 1953, with emphasized propagandist activities among individuals. First bigger discharges of imprisoned people, who were sentenced to prison for supporting the Cominform, began in 1951, and last of the supporters were discharged in 1956. A total of 50 people in Slavonski Brod area were arrested and convicted for being active in the Cominform. Four people, who escaped the Slavonski Brod area, were active in the Cominformist emigration. After the conflict with the Cominform ended, State Security Service (UDBA) was continuously evaluating political views of freed Cominform supporters, and in 1962, according to these documents, there were 9 people still in favour of the Cominform political views. The majority of arrested and imprisoned Cominform supporters in this area were Croats (67%). Most people were sentenced to administrative measure of community service on Goli otok. In Slavonski Brod area, around 50% of the overall sentenced and imprisoned people were „the actual Cominform supporters“. Being a member of Cominform in those years did not make political or social life more difficult in Slavonski Brod.

A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DISCUSSION ABOUT THE CHARACTER OF THE UPRISING OF JULY 27, 1941

Prilog raspravi o karakteru ustanka od 27. srpnja 1941. godine

Author(s): Mario Jareb / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 3/2011

Keywords: Uprising; July 27; 1941; Guerilla Fighters; Insurgents; Communist Party; Partisans; Chetniks

From 1945 to 1990 in the People’s/Socialist Republic of Croatia and in the People’s/Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina July 27 has been celebrated as national holiday known as the Day of the Uprising of the Peoples of Croatia (the Day of the Uprising of the Peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina). Communist regimes in both republics of Tito’s Yugoslavia claimed that on that day in 1941 masses led by the Communist party initiated the uprising against “Fascist occupation and domestic collaborators” (against the Ustasha regime of the Independent State of Croatia, Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH). Allegedly led exclusively by the Communist Party, insurgents in Croatia initiated the struggle on that day in the tiny town of Srb by liberating it from the NDH authorities. Earlier that day insurgents have gathered around the town of Drvar in southwestern Bosnia and attacked it. Events in Srb and Drvar triggered the uprising and within few days insurgents put under their control large territories of Lika and Northern Dalmatia in Croatia and large territories in Sothwestern Bosnia. All of the territories were predominantly inhabited by Serbian population which was motivated to join rebellion against the NDH. Ustasha atrocities forced many Serbs to do anything to secure their lives and the lives of their families, so armed uprising looked like the only way to achieve that goal. Behavior of numerous insurgents also shows that many were determined to fight against any Croatian state and against Croats and Muslims as ethnic and religious groups. In the eyes of many insurgents all Croats and Muslims were collectively guilty for Ustasha crimes. Before 1990 official propaganda claimed that the Communist Party of Yugoslavia/Croatia had been the sole organizer and leader of the uprising. Indeed numerous insurgents’ leaders were communists. Communists desired to lead massive uprising all over Croatia, which could become possible only if wider layers of Croatian population would join in. However, the behavior of numerous insurgents was totally opposed to that element of Communist policy and Croatian and Muslim populations on territories under their control were exposed to the reign of terror and mass extermination. It is more than obvious that the Party could not control many of the insurgents. It is also clear that the composition of insurgents’ ranks was more complex than the propaganda would ever be ready to admit. It is also obvious how there were other influential groups and individuals among them. Many of those later became the Chetniks of Draza Mihailovich. However, in the summer of 1941 it was still not possible to consider insurgents in the above-mentioned regions either as partisans or Chetniks. They referred to themselves simply as insurgents (ustanici) or Guerilla fighters (gerilci). Their units and detachments appeared in public as Guerilla units. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia adopted the name partisan for its fighters...

Tito And Execution Of The Captured Members Of The Croatian Forces In Bleiburg 1945

Tito i likvidacija hrvatskih zarobljenika u Blajburgu 1945

Author(s): Vladimir Geiger / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 2/2010

Keywords: Josip Broz Tito; World War II; Bleiburg; War crimes

On the basis of the archival sources, literature and periodicals, article discuss Josip Broz Tito’s responsibility for the mass executions of the captured members of the Croatian Armed Forces. Also, for all the executions of all mass executions of the captured anti communist and nationalistic forces elsewhere in Slovenia in May 1945. Author’s conclusion is that Tito has power and was willing to influence the all the events concerning the Partisan movement and Yugoslav situation at the end of the World War Two, as well as to the status of the captured forces (prisoners of war). Thus, this is the basis for answer of Tito’s personal responsibility.

Structure of prisoners of the Danica concentration camp, 1941-1942

Ljudski gubici logora "Danica" kraj Koprivnice 1941.-1942.

Author(s): Zdravko Dizdar / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 2/2002

Keywords: concentration camp Danica; Independent State of Croatia; Ustasha regime

The concentration camp Danica near Koprivnica was the first such camp established in the Independent State of Croatia. Political enemies of the Ustasha regime and Jews, Gypsies and Serbs were sent to that camp. Later many of them were send to other camps where they lost their lives.

HALF A CENTURY SINCE THE ISSUING OF THE DECLARATION ABOUT THE NAME AND THE STATUS OF THE CROATIAN LITERARY LANGUAGE

POLA STOLJEĆA OD DONOŠENJA DEKLARACIJE O NAZIVU I POLOŽAJU HRVATSKOG KNJIŽEVNOG JEZIKA

Author(s): Marko Samardžija / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 2/2017

Keywords: Croatian language; Declaration about the Name and the Status of the Croatian Literary Language; language policy;

The paper deals with the social and political circumstances in the former Social Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. In March 1967 the Declaration about the name and the status of the Croatian literary language was written and issued as one of the most important documents in the history of language policy in Croatia. The paper also deals with the political actions of the Communist Party in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, which condemned the Declaration as a nationalistic excess and a politically very harmful act. In addition to the paper there is also a selection of political condemnations of the Declaration.

POLITICAL AND SOCIAL-ECONOMIC CHANGES IN ZVORNIK FROM 1945 TO 1953

POLITIČKE I DRUŠTVENO-EKONOMSKE PROMJENE U ZVORNIKU OD 1945. DO 1953. GODINE

Author(s): Sead Selimović / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian / Issue: 48/2018

Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina; Zvornik; reconstruction; political change; social change; economic change; agriculture; industry; crafts; trade; catering; demographic change; literacy; education;

The author writes about political and socio-economic changes in Zvornik from 1945 to 1953. The accent was placed on the change of power and the establishment of municipal national committees, the operation of anti-communist groups in the Zvornik region, the reconstruction of settlements, roads, bridges. In addition, it points to the changes that have been made in the fields of agriculture, industry, crafts, trade and catering. Significant attention is paid to demographic changes, literacy and education.

The Literary Life of Bjelovar in Mid 20th Century (1945-1960)

Književni život Bjelovara u pedesetim godinama 20. stoljeća /1945. - 1960./

Author(s): Ilija Pejić / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 2/2008

Keywords: Bjelovar Literary Circle; war - related topics and social motives; crime fiction; ironical detachment from the world; dramatic and similar texts; motives of the lost native place; childrens literature

The entirety of cultural endeavours (fine arts, music and the scene), as the axis on which the literary life of Bjelovar and its surroundings – the so-called Bjelovar Literary Circle – had revolved in the period between the end of the Second World War and the beginning of the 1960s, is presented in the introductory part; the paper further analyses and critically evaluates a variety of works – published both in journals and in books – by the means of direct insight into the creative opus of each of the authors individually. After the Second World War had ended, during the socialist era (self-management socialism since 1950), many writers, who had achieved their affirmation between the two world wars, continued practising their literary work in the newly-established circumstances. They mostly concentrated on social and war-related prose (M. Kudumija, S. Kolar, I. Dončević, Z. Jušić-Seunik). K. Špoljar joined them subsequently, and similarly did children’s writers (M. Lovrak, S. Kolar, Z. Perlić, Z. Jušić-Seunik, E. and B. Špoljar). In the later 1950s, E. Špoljar introduced – along with the works by domestic authors – dramatic works of foreign (particularly American and English) writers into the repertory of the National Theatre. Dramatic works by S. Kolar, K. Špoljar, as well as E. and B. Špoljar were created in the said period as well. K. Špoljar, V. Bažant, J. Biškup and M. Taritaš entered the literary life with their first poetry collections then. The jazz sounds were slowly approaching Bjelovar thanks to the interpretations by B. Petrović, whilst abstract painting (E. Murtić, I. Friščić) and sculpture (V. Bakić, J. Zeman) began conquering numerous galleries, among which the gallery of the Town Museum. In the early 1960s, a new writer generation was born; their full affirmation would follow during the 1960s, accompanied by loud rock and roll and the then contemporary compositions based upon the classical music (J. Magdić). Those were poets contemplating over the absurd and the contrasts of the world (Ž. Sabol), fears, lost native place (M. Taritaš, V. Bažant), ironical detachment (J. Biškup, V. Šiljak), but also prose-writers tackling social (M. Sabolović) and contemplative (urban) topics (K. Špoljar). These writers would remain the principal holders of the literary life until the 1990s. A new generation joined them in the 1970s and 1980s: G. Tribuson, J. Pavičić, M. Selaković, B. Zeljković, etc.

How We did (not) Find "The Real Historical Truth"? The Serbian Historiography after 1991

Kako (ni)smo pronašli "pravu istorijsku istinu"? Srpska istoriografija posle 1991. godine

Author(s): Predrag J. Marković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2004

Keywords: Historiography; Revisionism; Methodology; Professionalism; Politics;

The paper follows the development of the history of Serbian historiography after 1991 in the context of the entire development of the scientific historiography in Serbia. Special attention is given to the development of the credibility of the historiographers and their role in Serbian and Yugoslav society after World War II. The basic orientations in Serbian historiography after 1991 are the same as those of the 1980's. In spite of the rise of parahistoriography and generally unfavourable conditions for the development of the profession, Serbian historiography after 1991 successfully introduced a number of new methods and themes. In this respect, a distinction should be made between academic historiography and publishing, on the one side, and a general historic conscience, on the other.

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Author(s): Nikola B. Popović,Momčilo Pavlović,Nebojša A. Popović,Ivan M. Becić,Dragomir Bondžić,Nenad Antonijević,Đorđe Borozan,Milan Vesović,Vladimir Jovičević / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2001

Keywords: book review; Eastern Europe; Hitler; Stalin; Serbia; national program; social history; students and universities; Yugoslavia; Jasenovac; Vatican; Albanians;Kosovo and Metohia; Great Albania plans;

Reviews of: 1. ВОСТОЧНАЯ ЕВРОПА МЕЖДУ ГИTЛEPOM И СТАЛИНЫМ 1939-1941, Moskva 1999, 526. Review by: Nikola B. Popović 2. Odone Talpo, Sergio Brcic... VENNERO DAL CIELO (Došli su iz neba), 185 fotografija razrušenog Zadra 1943-1944. Libero Comune di tara iz Esilio-Delegazione di Trieste, Trieste 2000, str. 230 Review by: Momčilo Pavlović 3. SRPSKI NACIONALNI PROGRAM: dokumenti, mišljenja, priredio i predgovor napisao Nikola B. Popović, prvo izdanje, Beograd, DMP, Grafomark, 2000, str. 150. Review by: Nebojša A. Popović 4. Đorđe Stanković, STUDENTI I UNIVERZITET 1914-1954, OGLEDI IZ DRUŠTVENE ISTORIJE, Centar za savremenu istoriju jugoistočne Evrope, Beograd 2000, str. 268 Review by: Ivan M. Becić 5. Ljubomir Petrović, JUGOSLOVENSKA DRŽAVAI DRUŠTVO U PERIODICI 1920-1941, Institut za savremenu istoriju-Vojnoistorijski institut, Beograd 2000, str. 295. Review by: Dragomir Bondžić 6. Dragoje Lukić, BILI SU SAMO DECA - JASENOVAC - GROBNICA 19.432 DEVOJČICE I DEČAKA, 102, Grafomark, Laktaši, Muzej žrtava genocida, Beograd, 2000, str. 296+256. Review by: Nenad Antonijević 7. Nikola Žutić, VATIKAN I ALBANCI, Centar za savremenu istoriju jugoistočne Evrope i izdavaćka kuća „Nikola Pašić”, Beograd 2000, str. 150. Review by: Đorđe Borozan 8. KOSOVO I METOHIJA U VELIKOALBANSKIM PLANOVIMA 1878-2000. Institut za savremenu istoriju, Beograd 2001, str. 316. Review by: Milan Vesović 9. Prof. dr Zoran Lakić, ISTORIJA I ISTORIOGRAFIJA, Libertas-Istorijski institut, Bijelo Polje 1997, str. 320. Review by: Vladimir Jovičević

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Author(s): Ubavka Ostojić-Fejić,Nikola Živković,Bojan B. Dimitrijević,Petar Kačavenda,Dubravka Stajić,Nebojša Popović,Dragan Tešić,Dragan Živojinović,Đorđe Borozan / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/1997

Keywords: book review; Montenegro; diplomacy; liberation wars; Serbia; volunteers; political processes for Serbs in BiH; Jews; Comintern; 1941-1945; Serbia government; Valjevo; anti fascism; Bulgaria;

Review of: 1. Radoslav M. Raspopović, DIPLOMATIJA CRNE GORE 1711-1918, Istorijski institut Crne Gore i NIU »Vojska«, Podgorica-Beograd 1996, str. 696 Review by: Đorđe Borozan 2. DOBROVOLJCI U OSLOBODILAČKIM RATOVIMA SRBA I CRNOGORACA, Zbornik radova sa naučnog skupa, Institut za savremenu istoriju, Beograd 1996, str. 412 Review by: Dragoljub R. Živojinović 3. Milorad Ekmečić, Đorđe Mikić, Dragoljub Živojinović, Nikola В. Popović, POLITIČKI PROCESI SRBIMA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI 1914-1917, »Grafomark«, Laktaši 1996, str. 135 Review by: Dragan Tešić 4. Šarl Etinger et. al, ISTORIJA JEVREJSKOG NARODA, IP »Ginko«, Beograd 1996, str. 543 Review by: Nebojša Popović 5. KOMINTERN I VTORAJA MIROVAJA VOJNA. Čast’ I, 1939. do 22. ijunja 1941. g. (Rossijskaja Akademija nauk, Institut vseobšćej istorii. Gosudarstvennaja arhivnaja služba Rossii, Rossijskij centr hranenija i izučenija dokumentov novejšej istorii), prir. N. S. Lebedeva, M. M. Marinskij, otsv. red. К. M. A nderson, A. O. Cubarjan, Moskva, Pamjatniki istoričeskoj misli, 1994. str. 554. Review by: Dubravka Stajić 6. Žarko S. Jovanović, NOVA VLAST U SRBIJI 1941-1945, Institut za noviju istoriju Srbije, Zavod za udžbenike i nastavna sredstva, Beograd 1997, str. 395 Review by: Petar Kačavenda 7. VALJEVO 1941-1945. (Saopštenja sa naučnog skupa DOPRINOS VALJEVSKOG KRAJA U BORBI PROTIV FAŠIZMA 1941-1945), Valjevo 1996, str. 300. Review by: Bojan B. Dimitrijević 8. Dragoljub S. Petrović, SARADNJA ANTIFAŠISTIČKOG POKRETA U SRBIJI I BUGARSKOJ 1941- 1944, »Agena«, Beograd 1996, str. 228 Review by: Nikola Živković 9. Renéo Lukic, LES RELATIONS SOVIÉTO-YUGOSLAVES DE 1935 à 1945, De la dépcndence à rautonomie et à l’alignement (Jugoslovensko-sovjetski odnosi od 1935. do 1945, od zavisnosti preko autono¬mie do svrstavanja), Publications Universitaires européennes, Bern, Berlin, Frankfurt, New York, Paris, Wien, 1996, str. 256. Review by : Ubavka Ostojić-Fejić

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Author(s): Mira Radojević,Toma Milenković,Milica Bodrožić,Milan Koljanin,Zoran Lakić,Dragan Bogetić,Marija Obradović,Miladin Raičević / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1+2/1986

Keywords: book review; Government; Milan Stojadinović; interwar period; KPJ (Communist Party of Yugoslavia); WWII; NOR; documents of KPJ; Bulgaria; war damage; Podgorica; Yugoslavia; United Nations;postwar period;

Reviews of: 1. Dr Todor Stojkov, VLADA MILANA STOJADINOVIĆA 1935 - 1937, Beograd 1985, str. 231. Review by: Mira Radojević 2. TREĆI KONGRES KPJ (17-22. maj 1926); PLENARNE SEDNICE CK KPJ (maj-septembar 1926) (priredili: Ubavka Vujoševič, Branislav Gligorijević), Beograd 1986, str. 567. Review by: Toma Milenković 3. DOKUMENTI CENTRALNIH ORGANA KPJ, NOR I REVOLUCIJA (1941 - 1945), knj. 1, str. 527, (6. IV - 15. TX 1941) priredio Radomir Vujošević; knj. 2, str. 538, (16. IX - 31. XII 1941), priredio dr Mladen Stefanović, Izdavački centar Komunist, Beograd 1985. Review by: Milica Bodrožić 4. Dr Nikola Živković, RATNA ŠTETA KOJU JE BUGARSKA UČINILA JUGOSLAVIJI 1941 - 1944, Institut za savremenu istoriju, Beograd 1985, str. 202. Review by: Milan Koljanin 5. ILEGALA U PODGORICI 1941 - 1945, Titograd 1984, str. 258 Review by: Zoran Lakić 6. Jadranka Jovanović, JUGOSLAVIJA U ORGANIZACIJI UJEDINJENIH NACIJA (1945 - 1953), Institut za savremenu istoriju, Beograd 1985, str. 279. Review by: Dragan Bogetić 7. Martin Ivančić, STAVKA V RUDNIKIH TRBOVLJE-HRASTNIK IN ZAGORJE, Delavska enotnost, Ljubljana 1986. Review by: Marija Obradović 8. NEKE KARAKTERISTIKE STATISTIČKE PUBLIKACIJE »JUGOSLAVIJA 1945 - 1985« Review by: Miladin Raičević

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Author(s): Nenad Urić,Miroljub Vasić,Milan Koljanin,Milorad P. Radusinović,Sonja Božanović,Dubravka Stajić,Vladislav Marjanović,Dragica Mugoša / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1+2/1984

Keywords: book reviews; Battle of Kolubara; Yugoslavia; NOR; WWII; NOB; Catholicism; Niš; German concentration camps; foreign policy; socialism; economic reform;

Reviews of: 1. Naučni skup: KOLUBARSKA BITKA, Review by: Nenad Urić; 2. BEOGRADSKI UNIVERZITET U PREDRATNOM PERIODU, OSLOBODILAČKOM RATU I REVOLUCIJI (Saopštenja i prilozi sa simpozijuma održanog u Beogradu 14-15. decembra 1982. godine), Beograd 1983, 507., Review by: Miroljub Vasić; 3. Nikola Anić, Sekula Joksimović, Mirko Gutić, NARODNOOSLOBODILAČKA VOJSKA JUGOSLAVIJE. PREGLED RAZVOJA ORUŽANIH SNAGA NARODNOOSLOBODILAČKOG POKRETA 1941 - 1945, Vojnoistorijski institut, Beograd, 1982, str. 996., Review by: Milan Koljanin; 4. Ćiril Petešić, KATOLIČKO SVEĆENSTVO U NOB, Zagreb 1982, 276 str., Review by: Milorad Radusinović; 5. Miroslav Milovanović, NEMAČKI KONCENTRACIONI LOGOR NA CRVENOM KRSTU U NIŠU I STRELJANJE NA BUBNJU, Institut za savremenu istoriju, Beograd, Opštinski odbor SUBNOR Niš, IRO »Narodna knjiga«, Beograd 1983, str. 345., Review by: Sonja Božanović-Špoljar; 6. DOKUMENTI О SPOLJNOJ POLITICI SFRJ 1945. Priredili: Đorđe Vasiljević i Bogdan Popović, »Jugoslovenski pregled«, Beograd 1984, 426 str., Review by: Dragica Mugoša; 7. DA LI SU PRIVREDNE KRIZE I REFORME NEIZBEŽNE U SOCIJALIZMU? Povodom prevoda knjige Evgenija Preobraženskog Nova ekonomika. Pokušaj teorijske analize sovjetske privrede (izdanje Centra za kulturnu djelatnost, Zagreb 1983)., Review by: Dubravka Stajić; 8. Maurice Vaisse, ALGER: LE PUTSCH. Ed. Com-plexe, Bruxelles 1983, 146., Review by: Vladislav Marjanović

When and how was Radio Gračanica founded (On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the establishment)

Kada je i kako nastala Radio Gračanica?

Author(s): Edin Šaković / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 48/2019

Keywords: Radio; radio broadcasting; radio station; Gracanica; Radio Gračanica; establishment; starting; 1966; 1969; Nesib Suman; Aleksandar Popović; Ešref Ćurić;

This paper provides basic information from archival sources and other material on the establishment, startup and beginnings of the radio station in Gračanica. Radio as a medium became popular in Gračanica during the 1930s. By 1945 there were several dozen owners of radio-devices in Gračanica, and in the next ten years that number had grown to several hundreds. After 1960 several local radio stations were established around Gračanica (Brčko, Modriča, Gradačac, Doboj…), thus the idea of establishing a radio station in Gračanica was born. Self-initiated attempts at private and illegal radio broadcasts are worth mentioning as well; radio stations such as “Radio Lipa”, “Radio Varoš” and “Radio Miričina”, which gained great popularity and public attention. Radio Gračanica was established in 1966 due to the decision of the Municipal organization of the Socialist Alliance of Workers. However, three years would pass before all the legal, staff and technical requirements were met. As part of the People’s University, a municipal public institution for education, culture and information, Radio Gračanica started with its experimental work in mid-February, and the regular program was launched on the 1st of March 1969. Radio Gračanica was initially working with improvised equipment and very modest technical capabilities, as well as mostly volunteer staff. But over time it grew in terms of staff, developed and even stagnated depending on the historical breaks and changes it undergone in its fifty years long history.

Domestic craft and crafts of Serbs in Drežnica in the late XIX and the first half of the XX century

Домаћа радиност и занати Срба у Дрежници крајем XIX и у првој половини XX века

Author(s): Branko Ćupurdija / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 12/2019

The task of this research is to point out the basic contents of domestic craft and craft work in Drežnica, at the junction of three borders between Gorski kotar, Croatian coastline and Lika, in the late XIX and the first half of XX century, during the period when these activities were flourishing. In this context, the most important geographical and demographical data on Drežnica and its villages are viewed, the basic contents of domestic craft , different kinds of craft work and their products, crafts men’s education in the period from1900 until 1945 through the Serbian Economic Society ’’The Tradesman’’, participation of women and men in homecraft and craft work, the suffering of people and destruction of their products and cultural goods during World War II and the following colonisation of Bajmok and other places in Vojvodina by people from Drežnica and other places of Gorski Kotar when, together with people, part of cultural goods also arrived in the new homeland. The research has shown that domestic craft and craft s in Drežnica are based on the general economic possibilities and needs of its population. The fertile tradition of practicing folk craftsmanship and craft s is an expression of the way of life in those days where women were sovereign in homecraft , the production of linen, cloth, knitwear, clothes and other products created on this basis, whereas men were sovereign in cutting woods, wood processing and the transport of timber, as well as in many other crafts. The only craft equally shared by both men and women was sewing. In the periods from 1900-1913 and 1920-1945, 124 boys from Drežnica learned craft s through the Serbian Economic Society ’’The Tradesman’’. In the first mentioned period they learned 14 and in the latter 23 crafts. Unfortunately, there are no data about the girls, most likely because there were no female apprentices from Drežnica.Sources testify there were 155 craft smen in Drežnica in 1938. Given the fact that there was a much larger number of craftsmen than there were students learning the craft s through ’’The Tradesman’’, one can assume that either the boys went to learn crafts in other ways, other than through the already mentioned society, or the number included the semi-professional craftsmen who acquired the craftsmanship skills not by education but by learning from craftsmen from Drežnica and other places, who were educated. The educated craftsmen, therefore, taught their relatives, neighbours, friends and others, so a much larger number of people dealt with crafts, especially those related to wood, which could be abundantly found. Things they made by hand, as well as they themselves, perished during World War II. The warfare destroyed not only people, but also the things they created, their cultural inventory. What was letf of it mainly survived because people hid it in dugouts. Unfortunately,we will never be able to establish the exact inventory of destroyed cultural goods. Part of it, that survived, was taken to Bajmok during the colonisation at the end of 1945 and in the middle of March and in the autumn of 1946 as well as in the later arrivals and matrimonies of girls, where it continued to live together with its owners in the changed natural-geographical and social conditions. It would be good to museologically process this cultural treasure in one of the future researches.

Serbian-Albanian Relations in the Albanian Grade 9 History Textbook in Kosovo and Metohija

Српско-албански односи у албанском уџбенику из историје за 9. разред основне школе на Косову и Метохији

Author(s): Božica Slavković Mirić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2021

Keywords: Albania; History; Kosovo and Metohija; Yugoslavia; Serbia; Textbooks

This paper analyzes Albanian Grade 9 history textbook currently in use in Kosovo and Metohija. Emphasis is placed on the important issues related to Serbian/Yugoslav-Albanian relations between 1918 and 2008.

THE TURBULENT DAYS IN THE TRADING SPOT OF DARUVAR AND THE WORK OF THE BOARD OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL DARUVAR AT THE END OF WORLD WAR I (OCTOBER - NOVEMBER 1918)

BURNI DANI U TRGOVIŠTU DARUVAR I RAD ODBORA NARODNOG VIJEĆA DARUVAR KRAJEM PRVOG SVJETSKOG RATA (LISTOPAD - STUDENI 1918.)

Author(s): Željko Karaula / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 3/2018

Keywords: the fall of the Dual Monarchy; the National Council in Daruvar; overturn; Bolshevism; National guards; anarchy; Yugoslavia;

In this paper, the author will, based on the archive materials gathered, as well as other relevant literature, show how the trading spot of Daruvar and its area met the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy at the end of 1918, after which a series of political and social problems were created. Anarchy and chaos, combined with a great stride, as well as a sense of hope for the future, are the best portrayal of the circumstances in which the new State of Slovenians, Croats and Serbs, later the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians, was created. In such a chaotic situation, the army fell apart and it there were some republican, but also some Bolshevik currents, a culture of robbery and violence ensued. The National Council of the State of SCS in Zagreb and its local Boards attempted to secure stability and security, within the realm of their possibilities. They encouraged the founding of branches for the national guards in every major settlement, with the purpose to make the transition into the new social and political state be as painless and as secure for the property and lives of citizens as possible.

FROM OCCUPIERS TO ALLIES. TRANSFER OF THE “VENICE” AND “TAURINENSE” DIVISIONS TO THE SIDE OF THE JVuO AND NOVJ AFTER THE CAPITULATION OF ITALY

Од окупатора до савезника. Прелазак дивизија „Венеција“ и „Тауриненсе“ на страну ЈВуО и НОВЈ после капитулације Италије

Author(s): Milutin Živković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2022

Keywords: Italians; “Venice”; “Taurinense”; partisans; Chetniks; Oksilia; Vivalda; Dapčević; Mihailović

The paper discusses the fate of two Italian divisions that decided to join the Yugoslav resistance movements after Italy’s withdrawal from the war. Emphasis was placed on their military capacity, political and ideological challenges of the new alliances, the one with the Chetniks and the one with the Partisans, and general guidelines that will mark the cooperation of former opponents to the end. The article is written on archival material kept in the Archives of the Military Department of the General Staff of the Italian Republic in Rome, Military Archives, Archives of Serbia and Yugoslavia, all in Belgrade, as well as domestic and foreign scholarly literature.

State terror as a conditio sine qua non of every Yugoslavia

Državni teror kao conditio sine qua non svake Jugoslavije

Author(s): Ivan Bubalo / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 57/2022

Keywords: State terror; Yugoslavia; The Greater Serbian ideology; nationalism; identity;

Od prve polovice 19. stoljeća razvija se velikosrpski projekt koji za svoju bitnu sastavnicu uključuje genocidnu komponentu. Nakon velikosrpskoga nacionalnog programa Vuka S. Karadžića „Srbi svi i svuda“ (1836) i „Načertanija“ Ilije Garašanina (1844), godine 1902. Nikola Stojanović objavljuje u beogradskom Srpskom književnom glasniku članak (na temelju jednoga svoga ranije održanog predavanja na godišnjoj skupštini Srpskoga akademskog društva Zora iz Beča) pod naslovom „Srbi i Hrvati“, koji je potom pretiskan u zagrebačkom Srbobranu (glasilu Srpske samostalne stranke). Ubrzo je u Novom Sadu objavljeno i 2. izdanje s Pogovorom, da bi članak poslije postao općepoznat pod kolokvijalnim naslovom „Do istrage naše ili vaše“, što je zapravo citat iz samog teksta te savršeno sažima temeljnu autorovu tezu.