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SMART DEFENCE. THE RECURRENCE OF AN EVOLVING IDEA

SMART DEFENCE. THE RECURRENCE OF AN EVOLVING IDEA

Author(s): Cristina Bogzeanu / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2014

Keywords: smart defence; Defence Capabilities Initiative; Prague Capabilities Commitment; world economic and financial crisis; European issues

During 2012 NATO Summit, held in Chicago, a new defence planning initiative was launched – smart defence. In fact, this idea seems to mark at a great extent the entire NATO-related debates in the current period of time. Smart defence is often regarded as a saving idea which can guarantee the preservation of NATO ability to fulfill its core missions under the austerity conditions, having at its basis the principle which can be summarized as “more defence for less money”. The present paper argues that smart defence is not a genuinely new concept, as preoccupations to make defence investment more efficient and equitable are as old as the Alliance. Smart defence is only a new name for an old, but boosted idea brought forth by the current international context.

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The Reception of Gerard of Cenad’s Deliberatio supra hymnum trium puerorum ad Isingrimum Liberalem in Romania. The edition of Radu Constantinescu (I)

The Reception of Gerard of Cenad’s Deliberatio supra hymnum trium puerorum ad Isingrimum Liberalem in Romania. The edition of Radu Constantinescu (I)

Author(s): Claudiu Mesaroș / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

Keywords: Gerard of Cenad; Deliberatio; Medieval philosophy; reception of Medieval Philosophy in Romania; Radu Constantinescu; rationalism; anti-clericalism; materialism;

The Romanian edition of Deliberatio supra hymnum truym puerorum from 1984 still stands as the only textual reference available to the Romanian academia and continues to influence the general reception of Gerard’s text. It has been more than thirty years since this selective translation was published by the Romanian publisher Meridiane and there was practically no critical reaction to it, which could suggest either minimal interest or minimal access to alternative sources. We believe both hypotheses are worth considering and we support the need for a more systematic approach to Radu Constantinescu’s work in order to support the idea of a new Romanian translation and commentary. The present study critically examines Răzvan Theodorescu’s Foreword and Radu Constantinescu’s introductory study. We leave for future investigation the consistency of the translated selection and the Comments published at the end of the text.

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TRAINING SYSTEMS IN NON-NATO EUROPEAN ARMED FORCES – SWITZERLAND

TRAINING SYSTEMS IN NON-NATO EUROPEAN ARMED FORCES – SWITZERLAND

Author(s): Gligor Vaidean / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2018

Keywords: military organization; military education; training system; training; volunteer reservists; reserve military force; active reserve; Swiss Confederation

In this paper we will present general aspects of current history, social, political and economic situation of the European states that are not part of the North Atlantic Alliance. Also, we will briefly present the organized training system of human resources from the active military service, for mobilization and active reserve. The paper describes the elements of the structure of the military educational system developed in the Swiss Confederation, which are ex-countries of the former Federalist Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia, Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova. Through the content of our paper we will highlight the elements of analysis necessary for the design of an optimized system of training and evaluation of human resources in the Romanian Armed Forces.

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Stakes of recognition. The paradoxes of ethnicity-based politics

Az elismerés tétje

Author(s): Vajda Róza / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2018

Keywords: roma;politics of recognition;

Beyond political impotence, disregard and malice, the deteriorating social conditions of Roma, that is, the failed and fake attempts to improve them, refer to problems that can be conceptualized at the level of theory. Júlia Szalai identifies the conflation of the ethnic and social aspects of the “Roma issue” as the heart of the matter and claims that the solution is predicated upon the separation of these dimensions. But is it possible to reach an understanding of Roma ethnicity, putting social inequalities and their main cause, i.e.discrimination, aside?The political and public perception of Roma in Hungary has been marked, especially since the regime change, by an overemphasis of cultural differences. Growing racism and discrimination, intensifying ethnic conflicts, the ethnicization of poverty and the ghettoization of Roma politics – all these partly owe to the dominant cultural perspective focused on ethnicity. These developments, as well as questions related to Romaself-organization, prompt the reconsideration of the terms influencing and categories employed in political processes, in particular, with respect to the very nature of Roma ethnicity. This article reviews theories of recognition adopted to the situation of Roma as a discriminated and stigmatized minority. In discussing the premises and purposes of various conceptions and outlining some practical dilemmas concerning their implementation, I argue that Roma, just like other racialized and socially excluded minorities, ultimately face an impasse created by conceptual and practical discordances between an anti-discrimination struggle and the representation of group interests.

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“Digital Storytelling” in Teaching: Lessons Learned at WUT

“Digital Storytelling” in Teaching: Lessons Learned at WUT

Author(s): Gabriela Grosseck,Dana Crăciun,Mădălin Bunoiu / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/2019

Keywords: digital storytelling; transversal skills; sentiment analysis;

The paper contains reflections on the course "Digital Storytelling" held as transdisciplinary discipline for 2nd and 3rd-year students of the West University of Timisoara (WUT). We started from the ideas that: Through a transversal course, one student enrolled in a faculty of the WUT have the opportunity to attend 3-7 transversal courses offered by the 10 other faculties from the university. By doing this they have the possibility to gather more skills necessary for their academic path, but also for developing new skills that are required in the nowadays interconnected society. Storytelling as a method to teach is accessible, dynamic, and can attract students' interest in deepening their understanding of the subjects taught. If there were a negative review of a teacher and a positive review of the course taught by said teacher, would the student enroll to the course? Would the student need an additional opinion before enrolling to the course? How can one determine whether the next review is positive or negative? And how would that influence one? Thus, we applied an online questionnaire to gain insights from the students enrolled in the “Digital Storytelling” course about the quality of the training, the acquired skills, the utility and the applicability of the course. Based on the questionnaire, we performed a quantitative analysis combined with a sentiment analysis and described the educational challenges encountered during the course. Overall, the students appreciated the Digital Storytelling course as a positive experience.

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FUTURE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT AND CAPABILITIES. AN INDEPENDENT VIEW FROM ALBANIA

FUTURE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT AND CAPABILITIES. AN INDEPENDENT VIEW FROM ALBANIA

Author(s): Thimi Hudhra / Language(s): English / Issue: 37/2010

Keywords: Albania; NATO; Strategic Concept; scenario; region; military; transformation;

When we talk about the security environment in long term, at a national, regional or global level, it looks like a combination of reality, perspective, rationality, vision and prophecy. Much more than in the past, we see a great number of new security items to be included and elements to be considered within this subject area. As a consequence of symmetric or asymmetric effects, there might be thousands of combinations of security situations which can escalate in this world. Experience of the last 20 years has shown that even a small event can create deviation from the traditional rules experienced during the history. Clausewitz “fog of uncertainty”1 is a valid expression for the future security environment. To predict or to expect, the later looks more realistic. Today, we can expect rather than predict exactly what could happen next year. Further, it becomes more difficult to provide a clear view of what might happen in a longer term. However, it is the task of the strategic leaders and their staffs to think carefully about the future, to follow carefully the trends, to influence what we can, to anticipate with the appropriate actions, and to produce today those capabilities needed to provide the best response for tomorrow. The author gives his personal views of what we can do to influence what we want to happen tomorrow, and what we can do to avoid what we do not want to happen. As a case study, this paper focuses on a short analysis of the retrospective, the actuality and the perspective of Albania and regional security environment. Views of this article are of the author and do not necessarily represent the opinion of the Albanian MOD, GS or TRADOC.

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Social Fear of Crime and Its Consequences

Social Fear of Crime and Its Consequences

Author(s): Leszek Wilk,Bogdan Fibinger / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Keywords: fear;society; crime; social rigorism; penal populism;

Social fear of crime is a phenomenon of interest to scientific disciplines. The present study draws primarily on the achievements of criminology. It shows that there are different ways of interpreting fear of crime, explaining its causes and responding to it. The conclusions also depend on the perspectives - whether it is the perspective of an individual, small social groups or large social structures. There are always objective and subjective elements in evaluations, including irrational ones. The latter hinder rational criminal policy. Fear of crime has negative social consequences, such as a loss of citizens' sense of security, aggressive attitudes, a loss of trust in law enforcement services, a reduction in the need for social contact, a reduction in the willingness to provide assistance - as a result, an increase in crime and an even greater sense of threat, particularly affecting socially weaker groups. The rigour and emotional approach to the problem of punishing criminals, resulting from the fear of crime, gives rise to the phenomenon of so-called penal populism, often used by politicians with the participation of the media. Finally, the economic costs of social fear of crime are not insignificant. For these reasons, the phenomenon should not be underestimated, but should not be overestimated, because in the context of other threatening situations and various dangers, it does not constitute the main feeling of threat to citizens and is far behind such fears as social, economic, health, fear of war, etc. Favourable developments in areas other than internal security, e.g. increased prosperity reduces social fear of crime more than restrictive criminal law.

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THE INFORMATION DIMENSION OF THE MODERN BATTLEFIELD

THE INFORMATION DIMENSION OF THE MODERN BATTLEFIELD

Author(s): Petre-Răzvan Enache / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/2020

Keywords: information environment; information systems; intelligence; information advantage; security;

The current security environment is characterized by complexity and dynamism, being influenced by multiple challenges. The proliferation and diversification of information systems in the context of the technological revolution result in different effects among which the emergence of different actors that are present in the areas of military operations, especially given the more and more complex types of threats to the contemporary security environment. The new technologies brought by the information revolution become the main means able to determine the increase of the efficiency of military actions and the achievement of the surprise in the battle space. A major concern of military structures in terms of operations, regardless their level, is achieving the information advantage / upper hand creating the creating the conditions necessary for attaining success on the battlefield, avoiding as much as possible, losses of any kind. The new approach of the information-related activity, developed through appropriate actions, is able to ensure the correct asymmetric advantage in the context of any challenge.

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Effects of Human Resource Management on Health Tourism in Thermal Centers in Kosovo Case study: Centre’s of Thermal Tourism in Kosovo

Effects of Human Resource Management on Health Tourism in Thermal Centers in Kosovo Case study: Centre’s of Thermal Tourism in Kosovo

Author(s): Alberta TAHIRI,Idriz KOVAÇI,Agim Thaqi,Arta Jashari Goga / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2020

Keywords: Human Resource Management; Health tourism; Thermal centres;

Proper management of thermal centres through human resource management has enabled the health tourism in Kosovo to be successful. Through training of staff and human resources, communication and working climate, job evaluation and employee motivation, we have achieved positive and satisfying effects on health tourism in Kosovo. This is evidenced by this research, where we find that the key factors that influence high standards are employee training, evaluation, communication and motivation. This was accomplished through the participation of a total of 4 thermal centres in Kosovo, of which there are 12 managers and 75 employees, while the analysis was performed through SPSS (version 25), and the analysis method was regression. On the basis of the results we see that proper human resource management leads to overall sustainability and satisfaction of employee sin these enterprises and their performance at work (p value = .000 <1%).

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A Brief Overview of Measuring the Effects of Managers’ Training, Communication and Motivation and their Impact on Managerial Performance in Health and Hotel Tourism in Kosovo. Case study: Managere’s of Centrer of Thermal Tourism and Five Stars Hotel

A Brief Overview of Measuring the Effects of Managers’ Training, Communication and Motivation and their Impact on Managerial Performance in Health and Hotel Tourism in Kosovo. Case study: Managere’s of Centrer of Thermal Tourism and Five Stars Hotel

Author(s): Idriz KOVAÇI,Alberta TAHIRI,Ismail Mehmeti,Agim Thaqi / Language(s): English / Issue: 5/2020

Keywords: Effects of training and communication; motivation; managerial performance;

The effects of training, human resource communication, and motivation of managers are shown to be statistically significant factors affecting managerial performance in health and hotel tourism in Kosovo The findings, which have been gathered by tourism and hotel sector managers, show that training, communication and motivation have a positive impact on the performance of managers, (p value = .000) which gives us the understanding that we need to continuously support trainings with managers, have a professional approach with human resources and be motivated. Also, organized trainings and proper communication with human resources, have a positive impact on enhancing the performance of managers in thermal and hotel centers in Kosovo (p value=.000). We say that the Hotest and Health Tourism sector are two sectors that are positively impacting on economic and social development in Kosovo and this provides opportunities for employment and professionalism in these sectors.

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In the Shadow of Gdańsk?

Im Schatten Danzigs?

Author(s): Jörg Hackmann / Language(s): German / Issue: 4/2020

Keywords: Szczecin; Gdańsk; social movements; social protests; strikes; political culture; collective commemoration; communism in Poland; Polish United Workers’ Party

This article examines the social protest movement against the socialist regime in the Baltic port cities of Szczecin and Gdańsk, in particular between 1970 and 1981. It intends to discuss the impact of these strikes on the formation of a regional and national political culture, which is widely connected to the concept of civil society, in a longer perspective. While Szczecin, after the bloody clashes with the regime’s law enforcement in mid-December 1970, saw a longer-lasting period of strikes, which led to an intervention by First Secretary Edward Gierek, these protests remained limited to the community of workers and did not yet challenge the rule of the Polish United Workers’ Party. They contributed, however, to the formation of a local Polish identity from below. However, in Gdańsk and, in a broader perspective, in the entire Polish Tricity (consisting of Gdańsk, Gdynia and Sopot) a close cooperation between workers and intellectuals emerged during the 1970s, which proved to be decisive during the strike of August 1980. In Szczecin, the similarly strong strike movement of summer 1980 lacked the national (and international) resonance of the protests in Gdańsk. In addition, the political impact and the collective commemoration (as well as the scholarly research) of the workers’ protests in the case of Szczecin remained mostly a local issue even after the fall of the socialist regime. Which stands, once again, in sharp contrast to the situation of Gdańsk.

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Typological Features of Balys Dvarionas’ Cinema Music in the Movie „Until It’s Too Late”

Typological Features of Balys Dvarionas’ Cinema Music in the Movie „Until It’s Too Late”

Author(s): Domantas Milius / Language(s): English / Issue: 103/2020

Keywords: cinema music; typology of music; leitmotif; Lithuanian cinema;

The typological features of cinema music by the Lithuanian composer Balys Dvarionas are analysed in the article. Lithuanian musicologists have extensively studied Dvarionas’s symphonic, instrumental and vocal works. His music for cinema films, however, has not been thoroughly analysed from the musical or historical points of view. Deconstructing the musical soundtrack created by Balys Dvarionas for Vytautas Žalakevičius’ film “Kol nevėlu” (Until It’s Too Late), my article attempts to highlight the main typological features of the film’s music used to develop the overall dramaturgy of the film. The article takes a broader look at how types of music are /are not creating additional musical significance in the overall artistic context of the film.

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Countering Subtractive Bilingualism with Additive Bilingualism in the Albanian Language

Countering Subtractive Bilingualism with Additive Bilingualism in the Albanian Language

Author(s): Diedon Dorambari / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2021

Keywords: Subtractive Bilingualism; Additive Bilingualism; Ethnolinguistic Vitality; Ethnic Identity Preservation;

The English language is the lingua franca of education, trade, and employment. However, with such a global influence, the English language sometimes interferes with the native languages via subtractive bilingualism. The aim of this essay is to explain the negative effects of subtractive bilingualism on a global scale in general, elaborate on its negative effects on the Albanian language in particular, and propose solutions to the problem. To achieve such an aim, research related to the macroscopic model of determinants of additive and subtractive bilingualism (MMDASB) was consulted. Based on the research findings, I conclude that the school milieu should lead by example in using additive bilingualism to counter subtractive bilingualism. In doing so, the school milieu would counter subtractive bilingualism on the sociological, socio-psychological, and psychological levels as predicted in the MMDASB (Landry & Allard, 1993) model. Following the conclusion, concrete proposals for promoting additive bilingualism by the higher education in the school milieu are recommended.

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Editorial: Focus on Indian migrations

Editorial: Focus on Indian migrations

Author(s): / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2021

Keywords: international migration; India; historical context; indentured labour; skilled migration;

In this issue, we have brought together articles focusing on Indian and South Asian migration experiences and patterns. India has been a major player in international migration, including remittances flows, but also a major scene of internal migrations. This is to an extent perhaps expected as the second largest population in the world residing across a vast geography rich with ethnic, religious and linguistic diversity. The 2018 United Nations World Migration Report states that the Indian diaspora is the largest in the world, with over 15.6 million people living outside the Sub-continent. International migration from India can be traced back even before indentured labour flows initiated under the British colonialism. India is a leading country of origin and a major supplier of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled work force. These migration flows from India has attracted significant interest among scholars of migration studies. In this editorial, we are offering some insights and an overview of Indian migrations since the British era.

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PROFESSIONAL STRESS AND SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS OF WORK TO DIDACTICAL WORKERS

PROFESSIONAL STRESS AND SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS OF WORK TO DIDACTICAL WORKERS

Author(s): Mihaela Luminița Sandu,Mariana Floricica Călin,Gabriela Bontea / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2021

Keywords: stress; profession; social representation; work; teacher;

This research is based on the axiom that the problematics of stress among teachers in the case of theoretical or practically applicable developments addressed by specialists in various fields over time, still offers, perhaps more today than ever before, the possibility and requirement of new analysis-based and investigative openings leading to more effective stress management. They can be highlighted both theoretically and practically applicable. Following the documentation and investigative efforts, we have identified and presented three major theoretical and experimental paradigms that have enabled the state of developments on this subject to be established and the integration in this context of current models of occupational stress. The identification of stress mediators in general and those specific to teachers, as they appear characterized in the qualification literature, was the starting point for formulating hypotheses that formed the basis of the observational study. The extensive analysis of the literature on emotional stress management hasled to the surprise of important guidelines and models that have been the theoretical framework for the development of the two intervention programmes proposed in the framework of the applicable research.

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On the Perinthos-Heraklea 37

On the Perinthos-Heraklea 37

Author(s): Ivo Topalilov / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Keywords: Panhellenion league; Hadrian; founding member; Olympios; Eleutherios; Perinthos; municipal elite;

The present article deals with the inscription Perinthos-Heraklea 37, its date and importance for the history of the provincial capital of Thrace Perinthos. Based on the appellations used for Hadrian it is suggested that it is connected with the imperial decision to include Perinthos and its elite into the founding members of the Panhellenion league, which was established in Athens in AD 131/132. It seems that on his way to Athens Hadrian visited Thrace and Perinthos in the autumn of 131 when he took the decision. If so, the inscription should be dated between AD 131–138. The nature of the building lavishly decorated with imperial statues and icons remains unclear, but may belong to a type of sanctuary filled with imperial statues as the Olympieion in Athens and perhaps in the neighbouring Maroneia.

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SOCIO-HUMANISTIC SCIENCES AND CULTUROLOGY

ȘTIINȚE SOCIO-UMANISTICE ȘI CULTUROLOGIE

Author(s): Tatiana Comendant,Ana Mitriuc / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1 (38)/2021

Keywords: identity; culture; cultural identity; nation; national; people;

We live in a world marked by tensions and confl icts, in a world of rapid and multiple changes (economic, social, educational,political and, last but not least, cultural). Cultivating the cultural identity is urgently needed. Cultural identity is atopic connected to the current needs of the Republic of Moldova, it returns as a matter of the utmost relevance, constituting afundamental process of today’s society. Ultimately, the problem in our study is to determine, to form and cultivate the culturalidentity of our country.

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Between “completeness” and “lack”

Between “completeness” and “lack”

Author(s): Sławomir Rzepczyński / Language(s): English / Issue: 37EV/2019

Keywords: Romanticism; Norwid; philosophy of dialogue; feminism; anticipatory thought

The article presents a review of Dominika Wojtasińska’s book O koncepcji kobiety “zupełnej” w pismach Cypriana Norwida [On the Concept of a ”Complete” Woman in the Writings by Cyprian Norwid]. The book is an attempt at capturing Norwid’s view of the essence, place and role of women in the context of the transformation of 19th-century society. In her reflections, the author refers to the following contexts: biographical, sociological and religious; she also refers to 20th-century Christian feminism and to the philosophy of dialogue represented by Emmanuel Lévinas and Józef Tischner. The researcher is searching for the models of the female “completeness” in the ancient and biblical tradition and in the medieval historical tradition. In her book, the author presents Norwid as a poet who anticipates the 20th-century emancipatory movements and Christian feminist concepts.

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The evaluation of intercultural professional technology-based communicative competence formation for students

The evaluation of intercultural professional technology-based communicative competence formation for students

Author(s): Tatyana Mikhailova,Kulyash Duisekova,Farida Orazakynkyzy,Gulshat Beysembaeva,Saule Issabekova / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2021

Keywords: Intercultural Professional Communicative Competence; technology based communication; cognitive; intercultural;

The purpose of the study is to determine the evaluation of the Intercultural Professional-Technology based communication Based Communicative Competence Formation of Students. Overall 22 respondents of the 2nd year at a State university took part in the research like focus groups. The results were taken by the interview in the Google forms. The results of the analyzes showed that the development of the intercultural professional-communicative competence of natural studies students is considered to be a very important requirement, and the formation of their professional communication skills can open up great opportunities for the future career of students. Students’ interview has also shown that from methodological aspect a case study technology-based communication is highly valued. Therefore, effective ways of using communicative-cognitive case technology-based communication in the classroom were analyzed and an algorithm for working with it was developed

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The Way to the Formation of the Chinese Diaspora in the USA

ABD’deki Çin Diasporasının Oluşumuna Giden Yol

Author(s): Neslihan Topcu / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2021

Keywords: China; Chinese diaspora; USA;

Diaspora can be defined as the communities that have a homeland and leave from their homeland to various places for various reasons, but maintain their connections with their homeland. This paper is discussed how the formation process of the Chinese diaspora in the USA took place. The paper consists of three parts. In the first part, the history of the formation process of the Chinese diaspora in the USA is explained. The second part examines the nature of the Chinese diaspora in the USA and how this quality has changed over time. The third part focuses on what kind of organizations exist between the Chinese diaspora and mainland China. Finally, in the conclusion part, a general evaluation of what is explained under three headings is presented.

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