Search results for: DISPUTATIONES SCIENTIFICAE in All Content

TECHNICALIZED PROCREATION - ETHICAL CHALLENGES

PROKREACJA TECHNICYZOWANA - WYZWANIA ETYCZNE

Author(s): Józef Wróbel / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1 (56)/2009

Keywords: ART; IN VITRO; TECHNICALIZED PROCREATION

Technicalized procreation in its various forms is not an idea that was developed only at the end of the 20th century. The first attempts at artificial insemination (in vivo) were made even several centuries earlier. In 1884 the first ethical work devoted to these attempts was published. When in the 20th century the techniques became commonly used, several publica-tions appeared, including documents issued by the Magisterium of the Church, that were devoted to this subject exclusively. Recently published results of medical studies on the effects produced on the health by different methods of assisted reproductive technology (ART) make one look at the methods even more critically. It has turned out that cryobiosis (freezing em¬bryos) causes the death of 85 to 90% of the embryos. It is also often the cause of defective development of the embryos. Using the methods of ART considerably enhances the risk of the occurrence of serious deceases, including genetic ones, in the "test-tube babies". In order not to allow the birth of children with inborn defects the number of abortions has increased. The use of ART techniques also carries serious threats for the health of the women who undergo such treatment. Most often the threats are connected with the hormone stimulation of their organisms in order to induce hyperovulation, and with the damaging of the inner organs, both when taking oocytes and during the transfer of embryos to the uterus. Medicine also has noted several cases of the death of women during carrying out the procedure of ART.

Ficino and Savonarola. Two faces of the Florence Renaissance

Ficino i Savonarola. Dwa oblicza florenckiego renesansu

Author(s): Beata Gawrońska-Oramus / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 04/2013

Keywords: Ficino; Savonarola; Pico della Mirandola; neo-Platonism; art; religion; Renaissance; republic; piagnoni; Apologia contra Savonarolam

Analysis of the mutual relations between the main intellectual and spiritual authority of the Plato Academy – Marsilio Ficino on the one hand, and Girolamo Savonarola, whose activity was a reaction to the secularization of the Medicean times on the other, and a thorough study of their argument that turned into a ruthless struggle, are possible on the basis of selected sources and studies of the subject. The most significant are the following: Savonarola, Prediche e scritti; Guida Spirituale – Vita Christiana; Apologetico: indole e natura dell’arte poetica; De contempt mundi as well as Ficino’s letters and Apologia contra Savonarolam; and also Giovanni Pica della Mirandoli’s De hominis dignitate. The two adversaries’ mutual relations assumed the shape of surprising similarities and contradictions. They both came from the families of court doctors, which gave them access to broad knowledge of man’s nature that was available to doctors at those times, and let them grow up in the circles of sophisticated Renaissance elites. Ficino lived in the Medici’s residences in Florence, and Savonarola in the palace belonging to the Este family in Ferrara. Ficino eagerly used the benefits of such a situation, whereas Savonarola became an implacable enemy of the oligarchy that limited the citizens’ freedom they had at that time, and a determined supporter of the republic, to whose revival in Florence he contributed a lot. This situated them in political camps that opposed each other. They were similarly educated and had broad intellectual horizons. They left impressive works of literature concerned with the domain of spirituality, philosophy, religion, literature and arts, and their texts contain fewer contradictions than it could be supposed. Being priests they aimed at defending the Christian religion. Ficino wanted to reconcile the religious doctrine with the world of ancient philosophy and in order to do this he did gigantic work to make a translation of Plato’s works. He wanted to fish souls in the intellectual net of Plato’s philosophy and to convert them. And it is here that they differed from each other. Savonarola’s attitude towards the antiquity was hostile; he struggled for the purity of the Christian doctrine and for the simplicity of its followers’ lives. He called upon people to repent and convert. He first of all noticed an urgent need to deeply reform the Chuch, which led him to an immediate conflict with Pope Alexander VI Borgia. In accordance with the spirit of the epoch he was interested in astrology and he cast accurate horoscopes. Savonarola rejected astrology, and he believed that God, like in the past, sends prophets to the believers. His sermons, that had an immense impact on the listeners, were based on prophetic visions, especially ones concerning the future of Florence, Italy and the Church. /.../

The person and thought of St. Thomas Aquinas

Postać i myśl św. Tomasza z Akwinu

Author(s): Włodzimierz Dłubacz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 9/1997

Keywords: Thomas Aquinas

Desperately Seeking Donellus

Desperately Seeking Donellus

Author(s): Douglas Osler / Language(s): English / Issue: 05/1986

Keywords: University of Leiden;

review of: MARGREET AHSMANN en R. FEENSTRA, "Bibliografie van Hoogleraren in de Rechten aan de Leidse Universiteit tot 1811", Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Rechtswetenschap VII, B.V. Noord-Hollandsche Uitgevers Maatschappij, Amsterdam/Oxford/New York 1984, pp.378. The present work is a bibliography of those jurists who taught at the University of Leiden between its foundation in 1575 and the French annexation of the Netherlands in 1811. During this period Leiden played host to some of the most important European jurists: Donellus, Noodt, Schultingh, Vinnius, Voet. It is therefore a matter of some interest for the legal historian to enquire how the joint authors, Margreet Ahsmann and Robert Feenstra, have approached the compilation of their bibliography, and the adequacy of the outcome.

Vita activa i vita contemplativa u św. Piotra Damianiego (1007-1072)

Vita activa i vita contemplativa u św. Piotra Damianiego (1007-1072)

Author(s): Zbigniew Kadłubek / Language(s): / Issue: 06-07/2006

REVIEWS, CRITICAL NOTICES, REFLECTIONS

PRIKAZI, OSVRTI, RECENZIJE

Author(s): Jelena Ostojić,Mate Penava / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 14/2015

Jelena Ostojić - Hrvatska filozofija od 12. do 19. stoljeća - Izbor iz djela na latinskome, ERNA BANIĆ-PAJNIĆ, MIHAELA GIRARDI-KARŠULIN, FILIP GRGIĆ, IVANA SKUHALA KARASMAN (ur.), sv. 1.-3., Institut za filozofiju, Zagreb, 2015, 1498 str. Mate Penava - LUKA BORŠIĆ - IVANA SKUHALA KARASMAN - FRANJO SOKOLIĆ (ur.), Physics and Philosophy, Institute of Philosophy, Zagreb, 2015, 117 str.

THE RECENTIOR NOMINALIS OF LEIBNIZ’S DISPUTATIO METAPHYSICA DE PRINCIPIO INDIVIDUI: FULGENTIUS SCHAUTHEET AND HIS CONTROVERSIA AGAINST THE THOMISTIC DOCTRINE ON THE PRINCIPLE OF INDIVIDUATION

THE RECENTIOR NOMINALIS OF LEIBNIZ’S DISPUTATIO METAPHYSICA DE PRINCIPIO INDIVIDUI: FULGENTIUS SCHAUTHEET AND HIS CONTROVERSIA AGAINST THE THOMISTIC DOCTRINE ON THE PRINCIPLE OF INDIVIDUATION

Author(s): Chiara CATALANO / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: Schautheet; Leibniz; individuation; designated matter; nominales

In his Disputatio metaphysica de principio individui (1663),Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) supports his own account ofthe principle of individuation on the basis of the authority of manyNominalistic (the nominales) theologians and philosophers. Amongthem he quotes a recentior nominalis, Fulgentius Schautheet (1623-1708), the author of the Controversiae philosophicae inter scholasticorumprincipes D. Thomam, Ioannem Scotum et Gregorium Ariminensem nominaliumantesignanum (1660). Indeed, in the Preface of his work, Schautheetpoints out that he aims at reconstruct the Scholastic controversies byfollowing in the footsteps of Gregory of Rimini (1300-1358), which isconsidered by him the antesignanus of the nominales. Leibniz refers tothe Fifth Controversy of the second book, where Schautheetaddresses his criticism against the Thomistic account of the principleof individuation. In this article I analyze Schautheet’s Controversia inorder both to reconstruct the theory of the author and to compare itwith Leibniz’s one.

Metaphorisation of Myth in the Literature of the Late Republican Rome. On the Example of Endymion

Metaforyzacja mitu w literaturze Rzymu późnorepublikańskiego. Na przykładzie Endymiona

Author(s): Damian Pierzak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Myth; Catullus; Cicero; Endymion; metaphor; allegory; Selene; natural phenomena

In Roman republican literature the Endymion figure, not unlike other mythical characters, carries a messagewhich becomes apparent only when properly deciphered. For that reason its meaning can be made out best bybeing looked at from a rhetorical perspective.

Cult and Votive Monuments in the Roman Provinces (Proceedings of the 13th International Colloquium on Roman Provincial Art – Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani) – ed. Cristina-Georgeta Alexandrescu, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Mega, 2015, 384 pag.

Cult and Votive Monuments in the Roman Provinces (Proceedings of the 13th International Colloquium on Roman Provincial Art – Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani) – ed. Cristina-Georgeta Alexandrescu, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Mega, 2015, 384 pag.

Author(s): Radu Ciobanu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2015

Adversus Iudaeos in the Sermon Written by Theodore Syncellus on the Avar Siege of AD 626

Adversus Iudaeos in the Sermon Written by Theodore Syncellus on the Avar Siege of AD 626

Author(s): Martin Hurbanič / Language(s): English / Issue: 6/2016

Keywords: Avars; Constantinople; Theodore Syncellus; De obsidione avarica Constantinopolis; patriarch Sergius; the Avar Siege of 626; typology; Jews; Gog and Magog; New Jerusalem; Old Testament prophecies

A sermon attributed to Theodore Syncellus (Theodoros Synkellos) is considered as one of the basic sources for the study of the Avar siege of Constantinople in AD 626. Therefore, the most historians paid more attention to the analysis of its historical background than to its ideological content. From the ideological point of view, the document serves as an evidence that a fear for the future of the Empire and its capital Constantinople began to rise within emerging Byzantine society. The Avar siege served its author mainly as a model for developing his polemics with imaginary Jewish opponents and their religion. It deserves to be included in a long succession of similar polemical treatises, which have existed in Christianity from its earliest times.

Religion as a Vehicle of Civilization

Religia jako nośnik cywilizacji

Author(s): Wojciech Daszkiewicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2017

Keywords: civilization; religion; man

Religion is not civilization, but one of its vehicles which shows the ethos of a given civilization, creates a moral code and a value system for its participants, formulates social norms, and shapes its mentality and social order. It is impossible to answer the question whether it is religion which produces civilization, or vice versa—it is civilization which contributes to the emergence of a religion. There is no regularity in it. Each specific case should always be studied separately and, then, we will be able to discern civilizations that make up religions, or religions that create civilizations by pulling all the aspects of individual and social life into the sacred sphere.

Latin language in theory and practice

Język łaciński w teorii i praktyce

Author(s): Grzegorz Jaskiewicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 15/2010

The Vatican urges seminarians to learn the ancient languages of Latin and Greek. They are still relevant and have a great impact on our science and culture, not to mention their pedagogical role. They are needed to keep the high level of historical, philosophical and theological studies. Unless we deepen the study of classical language we will lose a radical part of our tradition. There are a lot of the spiritual masters which have not been yet translated into the vernacular. In Poland for example only 60% of the writings of St. Augustine have been translated into Polish. The article promotes Greek and Latin showing by expressions, proverbs and phrases how far they are popular and how important for general knowledge and general education.

In memoriam Radoslav Dodig (1954. – 2016.)

In memoriam Radoslav Dodig (1954. – 2016.)

Author(s): Ivo Dragićević / Language(s): Bosnian,English / Issue: 54/2017

In memoriam Radoslav Dodig (1954. – 2016.)

FROM HOMER TO NICOLAE IORGA OR A POSSIBLE PRO-MENTOR PLEA

DE LA HOMER LA NICOLAE IORGA SAU O POSIBILĂ PLEDOARIE PRO MENTOR

Author(s): Corina Adriana Dumitrescu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 01/2010

Keywords: Mentor; educational model; syllogism; culture; moral personality; value; education;

The leitmotif of this essay is based on the following syllogism: all mentors are models and a man who does not respect the mentor will never become a model. The syllogism already referred to can be even more underlined by the activity and the moral personality of thousands of mentors/ educators who, through their work of spiritual modelling, have contributed to the evolution of the human society. I have considered only a few of the so many moral hallmarks who have preceeded us, as no human being can achieve greatness without comparing and conformating himself with such educational models.

Report on the Scientific and Didactic Activity of the Institute of Liturgy and Homiletics at KUL in the Academic Year 2018/2019

Sprawozdanie z działalności naukowo-dydaktycznej Instytutu Liturgiki i Homiletyki KUL w roku akademickim 2018/2019

Author(s): Andrzej Megger / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 8/2019

Raport on the Research and Teaching Activity of the Institute of Liturgy and Homiletics of KUL in the Academic Year 2018/2019

Sprawozdanie z działalności naukowo-dydaktycznej Instytutu Liturgiki i Homiletyki KUL w roku akademickim 2018/2019

Author(s): Andrzej Megger / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 12/2019

PHILOSOPHY AS A PRACTICE OF A WISE LIFE

PHILOSOPHY AS A PRACTICE OF A WISE LIFE

Author(s): Ruzica Petrovic / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Keywords: integrity of philosopher; life wisdom; critical consciousness; spiritual exercises;

The formation of philosophy as a form of consciousness of its own kind was accompanied by the belief that its creators were some strange people, belonging to a special strain, amiss (atopos), just as their reality in the world of people (atopia). Philosophers have affirmed these qualificatives throughout thehistory of philosophy.They were building their identity through a pure spiritual aspiration to uncover the highest principles of everything that was happening, with an open critical opinion of the existing social reality and a particular way of living.Their existence in the world, characterized by a constant effort to rise above the sphere of everyday life, is a process of a tense state of mind between the set paradigm of a wise life and the attempt to achieve it. This tension manifests itself in the discursive plane through the abstract - speculative reflection about the essential questions of the world and man, and in the existential plane through the constant need to step out of the world of trivial things.Ancient philosophical experience shows that this stepping out entailed contemplation on which not only the most profound theorizing but also the process of self-change was based, through gaining independence from external goods (autarchy) and releasing oneself from passion (ataraxia), which should have ultimately led to the realization of the highest social good.In addition to the contribution of ancient philosophy to building the spiritual and moral integrity of philosophers, this paper actualizes another practical role of philosophy in improving life that has stemmed from the imbalance status of a modern-age individual who is increasingly in need of counseling support from practitioner philosophers for the purpose of stimulating the individual in self-perceiving of problems, establishing a secure thinking base and finding solutions to specific life and professional issues.

The Jewish Issues in Wujek’s Bible 1599. A Study of Sources

Problematyka żydowska w Biblii księdza Jakuba Wujka z 1599 roku.Studium źródeł

Author(s): Rajmund Pietkiewicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 67/2/2020

Keywords: Wujek’s Bible; Jews; Bible translations into Polish; Renaissance

The author, on the basis of the study of the commentaries and prefaces to Wu-jek’s Bible of 1599, depicts the image of the Jews, their language and their customs as it was presented by Jakub Wujek and his contemporaneous fellow Jesuits. The author refers to the sources of the information contained in Wujek’s Bible, evaluates it in the context of the religious situation in the Renaissance Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and at-tempts at establishing the realm and power of the influence it had on readers.

HARMONY, CICERO`S PRINCIPLE OF GOVERNING

HARMONY, CICERO`S PRINCIPLE OF GOVERNING

Author(s): Ion Cordoneanu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Keywords: harmony-concordia; the dream of Scipio; virtue; reason;

Harmony is one of the concepts that permeate the history of human creation in varied fields: philosophy, arts, music, science, economics, politics, etc. It is a preoccupation of the Pythagorean, of Plato and Aristotle, and a governing principle theorised during the times of the Byzantine Empire. However, in Cicero’s political thinking, harmony is the foundation stone of the organisation and functioning of the republic as body politic, a political principle which reflects the principle of the entire universe. Somnium Scipionis (The Dream of Scipio), an allegory on the harmony of the universe, is the closing part of the treatise De re publica, by which Cicero, inspired by Plato and synthetizing stoic, epicurean and neoplatonic ideas, bestows his political testament upon world culture and advocates the cultivation of virtue.

Calvin and Christian philosophy. A few considerations

Calvin şi filosofia creştină. Câteva consideraţii

Author(s): Mihai Androne / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2009

Keywords: Calvin; the Reformation; Christian philosophy; theology; revelation;

Jean Calvin is the greatest religious reformer of the second generation. For him, Christian philosophy represents the systematic exposition and the faithful interpretation of Scripture. And even though he talks about Christian philosophy, Calvin remains the Reformation Theologian, a Word-listening theologian.