Scientia Moralitas Conference Proceedings
Scientia Moralitas Conference Proceedings
Contributor(s): Nicoleta-Elena Heghes (Editor)
Subject(s): Social Sciences, Education, Sociology, Social development, Social differentiation, Health and medicine and law, Inclusive Education / Inclusion
Published by: Scientia Moralitas Research Institute
Keywords: Conference; Social sciences; Humanities; Ethics;
Summary/Abstract: These proceedings represent the work of contributors to the Scientia Moralitas Conference held online on November 22-23, 2020. The objective of this conference is to promote multidisciplinary research on ethics, social sciences, and humanities, and stimulate dialogue on current issues affecting the real world.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-1-945298-28-8
- Page Count: 88
- Publication Year: 2020
- Language: English
The Future after COVID-19: Healthcare, Digitalization and Inequality
The Future after COVID-19: Healthcare, Digitalization and Inequality
(The Future after COVID-19: Healthcare, Digitalization and Inequality)
- Author(s):Julia M. Puaschunder
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social differentiation, Health and medicine and law, Economic development, Comparative Law
- Page Range:1-8
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Access to healthcare; Artificial Intelligence (AI); Behavioral economics; Behavioral insights; Comparative law; Coronavirus; Corporations; Corporate governance; COVID-19; Crisis; Digitalization;
- Summary/Abstract:The ongoing COVID-19 crisis accounts for one of the most unpredicted economic disruptions in the history of humankind. COVID-19 as an external shock implies widespread and sustainable changes in the way humans live, work and interact on a global scale. With economic turmoil and social perturbation opens an abyss of novel and unprecedentedly described inequalities in the legal and economic spheres. The paper addresses novel trends that may spring out of COVID-19 in the healthcare sector, in regards to digitalization and inequality. Studying these forward-looking trend predictions aids us to understand the challenges that lie ahead in our post-COVID-19 world to come.
Robots Impact on the Labor Market – Robots versus Humans and COVID-19
Robots Impact on the Labor Market – Robots versus Humans and COVID-19
(Robots Impact on the Labor Market – Robots versus Humans and COVID-19)
- Author(s):Florian Râpan, Ivona RĂPAN
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Labor relations, Evaluation research, Economic development
- Page Range:9-14
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:labor market; robots; automation; work platforms; exploratory research;
- Summary/Abstract:Health, education, transport, government, real estate and other sectors are in the early stages of digital transformation and, as they transform, productivity continues to grow in Romania, but at a low rate compared to other EU member states. However, while these advantages and related benefits are important to the digitalization process, perhaps the most important benefit of Industry 4.0 is its impact on the economy, especially on productivity and overall economic output. The paper is an exploratory desk research based on surveys and specialized studies to build an image of the present and the future, against the background of disruptive technologies, digital transformation, robotics, automation in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemics. Nowadays, there is a completely issue of paradigm shift, robots will replace the human workforce, eliminating low-skilled jobs, workers being obliged to reorient their careers and retrain for the maintenance and monitoring of the robots, leaving them time to be creative for the growth productivity of the company, thus eliminating clerical work. Those who are highly qualified will benefit from high incomes and thus it will be created some inequalities, big revenues discrepancies between individuals, which will lead to an increase of tensions. The adapted statistics reveal a possible image of the labor market in the next years, in the pandemic context but also the negative and at the same time progressive impact on the economy and the society.
Ethics within Psychiatry Objective and Subjective Approach
Ethics within Psychiatry Objective and Subjective Approach
(Ethics within Psychiatry Objective and Subjective Approach)
- Author(s):Nicoleta-Elena Heghes, Cristina-Gabriela Schiopu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Psychology, Ethics / Practical Philosophy, Evaluation research, Health and medicine and law
- Page Range:15-20
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:patient; psychiatry; bioethics; society; forensic;
- Summary/Abstract:Psychiatry remains a borderline medical discipline between social systems, individual bio-psychological balance, physiological health, and law enforcement. Given all these implications, ethical implications become more complex and scientific borders can be outdated by subjective, moral or personal principles or by legal implications. From the simplest medical care to forensic psychiatry and scientific research, ethical problems are always torn between social welfare and patient’s welfare due to important particularity of the main functional unit of psychiatry: the patient with all his specific pathologic characteristics that affect civic and physiologic fundaments of social and medical bases: discernment and auto-conductivity. Whether it is a psychiatric disorder that affects the patient’s integrity or the integrity of the socio-familial matrix, the balance between social health and the patient’s life quality will end up in contradiction at some point, putting every institution involved in difficulty.
Vulnerability of Key Institutions of the Romanian State, a Matter of Morality or Legality?
Vulnerability of Key Institutions of the Romanian State, a Matter of Morality or Legality?
(Vulnerability of Key Institutions of the Romanian State, a Matter of Morality or Legality?)
- Author(s):Clara Maria Oancea, Flavius Adrian Oancea
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Public Administration, Security and defense
- Page Range:21-26
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:investigations; falsified; ORNISS; state secrets; moral probity; classified information; information security; discrimination; inequity; national security;
- Summary/Abstract:Based on extensive journalistic investigations, it was discovered that the high official of the Romanian State, accused of falsifying his baccalaureate diploma, not only did not graduate from high school, but never held the position of deputy director at ORNISS, the institution that certifies civilians and military to access and manage state secrets. His appointment as President of ORNISS was categorized as “the biggest system error (at least the only one known) that has occurred to date in Romania”, the position temporarily held by Laurentiu Baranga being made after careful checks attesting to moral and legal probity of those who occupy it, and for 10 years he worked in ORNISS, being one of the officials with high positions in the state who had to guard the State precisely from the occurrence of fraud situations. As a rule, access to classified information is made on the basis of a specialized guarantee that the individual is physically, intellectually, morally and characteristically capable of doing so, without being blackmailable, so as not to become a vulnerability to information security and security status. Art. 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights provides for the prohibition of discrimination, but through the text of art. 7 of Law 182 discrimination is instituted in favor of the persons mentioned in par. (4) and a visible inequity and discrimination is created against persons who are obliged to go through the flow provided by national standards, as well as an infinite number of vulnerabilities to national security and cooperation frameworks.
Moral Norms and the System of Legal Norms. Legal Ethics
Moral Norms and the System of Legal Norms. Legal Ethics
(Moral Norms and the System of Legal Norms. Legal Ethics)
- Author(s):Cristian Dan
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Criminal Law, Civil Law, Ethics / Practical Philosophy, Social Norms / Social Control
- Page Range:27-31
- No. of Pages:5
- Keywords:civil law; morality; legal ethics; philosophy; psychology; criminal law; religion; legal system; conduct; general; theory of law;
- Summary/Abstract:For a long time, after the appearance of man on Earth, the human being lived in disorder, relying only on animal instincts, strictly satisfying his primary needs for food, shelter and reproduction. Evolution, however, forced him to adopt another way of life, the social one, settling and grouping in systems of an administrative organization called, at first tribes, and then villages and cities. This way of systematizing and stabilizing the population brought great changes in human psychology, especially in the nature of its consciousness, developing the concept of incipient morality. A little later, but also in the same period, the legal system appears in the background of the development of the fortress. The latter sought to derive its essence from the already existing rules, being closely related to the system of moral norms. The article aims to briefly analyze the psychological and social factors that led to the emergence and structuring of moral norms by comparison with the legal system, viewed through the prism of the evolution and organization of human life, both socially and philosophically. Some conclusions drawn at the end of the paper will aim to clearly highlight the fact that law, in general, and its system, in particular, has its beginning in moral psychology merging with it and forming mandatory socio-behavioral rules.
Didemoversity: The Core of Democracy at the Heart of the Modern University
Didemoversity: The Core of Democracy at the Heart of the Modern University
(Didemoversity: The Core of Democracy at the Heart of the Modern University)
- Author(s):Julia M. Puaschunder
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Higher Education , Health and medicine and law, Inclusive Education / Inclusion
- Page Range:32-40
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Conglomerates; Collective decision making; COVID-19; Democracy; Didemoverity; Education; Equality; Inequality; Lottery; Participatory decision making; Social justice; Social transformation;
- Summary/Abstract:The currently skyrocketing digitalization disruption in the wake of COVID-19 holds the potential to revolutionize higher education. Digitalized education and conglomerates in the educational sector may lead to universities becoming truly global temples of information exchange. The lockdowns have also steered a wave of emotional outcry for social justice and participatory decision making. Future universities may thus also focus on embracing collective decision making and participatory leadership through the students. The future Didemoversity will thus likely feature elements of digitalization globalization and hallmarks of democracy such as participation in flat hierarchies to pursue a higher goal of universities to become social transformers and great equalizers.
The Regime of Incompatibilities of Local Elected Officials and the Application of the Law in Time, from a Jurisprudential Perspective
The Regime of Incompatibilities of Local Elected Officials and the Application of the Law in Time, from a Jurisprudential Perspective
(The Regime of Incompatibilities of Local Elected Officials and the Application of the Law in Time, from a Jurisprudential Perspective)
- Author(s):Adina Georgeta Ponea
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Civil Law, EU-Legislation
- Page Range:41-48
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:incompatibilities; conflict of interest; mandate; public function of authority; principle of transparency of the decision; principle of impartiality; ethical nature of the sanction;
- Summary/Abstract:The special legislation on incompatibilities and conflicts of interest aims to ensure the transparency in the exercise of the stateliness and public functions and in the business environment, the prevention and sanctioning of corruption, also establishing, among the specific rules and conditions for exercising the mandate, certain incompatibilities taking into account the need to ensure the neutral fulfilment, by the persons exercising a public function of authority, of the attributions incumbent on them, in full accordance with the principles of impartiality, integrity, transparency of the decision and supremacy of the public interest. Therefore, the establishment of the case of incompatibility does not constitute, in reality, a restriction of the exercise of certain rights or freedoms, but a guarantee likely to confer an indisputable moral authority to the persons exercising the functions of mayor, president and vice-president of the county council, by ensuring impartiality, protecting the social interest and avoiding conflict of interest. From the perspective of the ethical nature of the sanction, the jurisprudential controversy concerns the possibility of disposing the sanction provided by law that would affect their current mandate, if in this mandate the acts that would attract such a sanction were not committed, the state of incompatibility not existing in this mandate.
The Construction of the Family Ethic in Turkey
The Construction of the Family Ethic in Turkey
(The Construction of the Family Ethic in Turkey)
- Author(s):Esra Özdil Gümüş
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Ethics / Practical Philosophy, Family and social welfare, Sociology of Culture, Economic development
- Page Range:49-55
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:family; neoconservatism; neoliberalism; Turkey; values; Early Republican era;
- Summary/Abstract:The Republic of Turkey in 1923, is established on the foundations of secularism and modernity. The newly established state, which turned its face to the West by rejecting the legacy of the Ottoman Empire, carried out a modern nation building project with the imagination of a new nation, family and citizenship. Through family planning policies, the modern nuclear family was supported as a disengagement from the Ottoman traditional society. Due to secularist policies, beliefs, morals, values, ethics were accepted as individualistic matters and pushed to private sphere. This family-oriented modernization and ideal of national family required the construction of a new citizen woman who incurred the responsibility of raising new patriot generations devoted to principles of the reformist state. However, this perception of family and woman began to change in the last few decades especially with the neoconservative and neoliberal policies adopted by the rule of the Justice and Development Party (JDP). In accordance with the earlier governments, the family preserved its privileged position, however, with a new assignment on family which instrumentalizes ethics, morals and beliefs in the public sphere compatible with its policies. The birth control policies have come to an end and the care giving services assigned to families instead of public service, which eventually requires a renovation of duties and responsibilities of the family and women. This paper intends to analyze the mobilization of beliefs, morals and ethics for the sake of construction of the social order.
The Relationship between Plagiarism and Morality
The Relationship between Plagiarism and Morality
(The Relationship between Plagiarism and Morality)
- Author(s):Adriana Tulus
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Ethics / Practical Philosophy, Higher Education , Methodology and research technology
- Page Range:56-59
- No. of Pages:4
- Keywords:plagiarism; morality; moral values; deception; ethics;
- Summary/Abstract:This paper aims to analyze the following issue: plagiarism is considered to be an unethical behavior, and the perpetrators are to be sanctioned, including expulsion from their institution. Sometimes, we should admit, plagiarism is accidental. The ability to produce unique content without being plagiarized is like securing a software or biotechnology patent. A patent is the inventor’s method of protecting his intellectual property and livelihood. Copyright infringement is a violation of the rights of the copyright holder when the material whose use is restricted by copyright is used without consent. Acts of plagiarism are morally reprehensible because the rules of the codes of ethics for students, academics, writers and scholars are intentionally violated. In this case, it is important to note that most cases in which the act of plagiarism has been determined can be discussed as intentional, as people choose to copy the material as the fastest way to cope with the task. As a result of such activities, the idea of intellectual freedom is also taken into account. Therefore, it is possible to pay attention to the reasons for discussing the facts of stealing other people’s words and ideas as being morally wrong.
Inequality in the 21st Century: Climate, Digital Skills and Access to Education
Inequality in the 21st Century: Climate, Digital Skills and Access to Education
(Inequality in the 21st Century: Climate, Digital Skills and Access to Education)
- Author(s):Julia M. Puaschunder
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social differentiation, Inclusive Education / Inclusion
- Page Range:60-65
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Access to Education; Climate change; Digitalization; Equal Chances; Fairness; Inequality; Skills; Social Justice;
- Summary/Abstract:In the 21st Century, inequality has many faces. This paper addresses three inequalities in the domains of climate change, digitalization and social justice in the eye of unequal access to education. The inequalities are first presented and then creative inequality alleviation strategies. Climate change requires attention for fairness that the costs of climate change mitigation and adaptation are spread equally within society, between countries and over time inbetween generations. Inequality arises in the access to quality healthcare that varies dramatically around the world. Access to good education is another area of inequality concern and in order to breed social upward mobility, a bundling strategy is proposed that aids excellent and struggling students.
Abuse of Office
Abuse of Office
(Abuse of Office)
- Author(s):Valentina Avramescu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Criminal Law, Criminology, Corruption - Transparency - Anti-Corruption
- Page Range:66-69
- No. of Pages:4
- Keywords:abuse of office; legitimate interest; civil servant; injury; defective act;
- Summary/Abstract:The paper presents the topic regarding the crime of abuse of office, a crime provided by the current Criminal Code in Chap. II - Offenses service, Title V - Crimes of corruption and service. The paper presents the legal definition of this crime, its legal object, with the two aspects: special and material, the subjects of crimes and criminal participation. It also talks about the constitutive content, consisting of the objective side, the material element of the objective side, the causal link between the action or inaction provided by the legislator and the immediate consequence, the form of guilt in terms of the subjective side, and the forms, modalities, sanctions and procedural aspects of this type of crime.
The Social Сommunication of the Street Children
The Social Сommunication of the Street Children
(The Social Сommunication of the Street Children)
- Author(s):Georgeta Stoica-Marcu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Communication studies, Social differentiation, Inclusive Education / Inclusion
- Page Range:70-76
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:children of the street; social communication;
- Summary/Abstract:Around this theme, regarding the “social communication of the street children” some prejudices have been created and a confusedly natured opinion war is going on, as well as the subject itself asks for a special analysis effort that has to be made with lucidity and profoundness, because it’s about a problem of distinct complexity. The Romanian society has been marked by the apparition of this “children of the street” phenomenon after 1990. The “children of the street”, as a nationally extended social phenomenon, is tied directly with the poverty rate in the different parts of the country. The main area where these children come from is Moldova (a third of the total number). The territorial indicator of poverty shows a concentration of poverty in the north-eastern part of the country (in Moldova). The poverty rate for this region is 40.61%, the highest in the country. The Romanian society has been marked by the sudden apparition of this phenomenon in the 1990 and by a raise in the number of children of the street. In 1990 there were 3500 children of the street registered, in 1995 there were 6000 and, in the present, there are over 8500 children at a national level. The children of the street represent the children category that live on the streets – a social phenomenon encountered widely everywhere in the world, but accentuated in the industrialized societies.
The Myth in de Martino’s Italy
The Myth in de Martino’s Italy
(The Myth in de Martino’s Italy)
- Author(s):Aurelia Sabiescu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Cultural Anthropology / Ethnology, Sociology of Education, Italian literature
- Page Range:77-80
- No. of Pages:4
- Keywords:myth; culture; tradition; identity; the sacred;
- Summary/Abstract:Being a preoccupied researcher of the myth and contrasting the theories of Mircea Eliade, Ernesto de Martino elaborated an authentic teaching of the existential crisis by theorizing about the myth. Likewise, he has found solutions to the aforementioned matter, mainly by his own disappearance down in history: the cataclysm of non-presence. Without pretending to be a mythologist, de Martino studies the myth pertaining to the lower classes of Italian culture, respectively those of southern Italy. The matter of myth study concerns de Martino, resulting in him making up his own theories that contrast those of Eliade or even Croce. Preceding him, Giusepe Pitre had made himself known as an illustrious ethnologist due to his remarkable contributions. De Martino and Eliade’s previously established relationships is an intellectual one based upon the discrepancies between their individual theories. Therefore, since de Martino mainly contradicts Eliade’s hypotheses and demonstrations, the two theoreticians are mostly treated as oppositors. In de Martino’s works it is to be noticed a clear evolution of concepts, as he initially dismantled various theories belonging to the myth, theories that he later reinterpreted. Thus, while dealing with myths that are part of the Italian cultural heritage and national identity, de Martino discovers the sacred, but also the persistence of the European ancient culture.
Textile Waste, Ecology and Commercialism
Textile Waste, Ecology and Commercialism
(Textile Waste, Ecology and Commercialism)
- Author(s):Goranka Stanić
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Socio-Economic Research, Sociology of Art, Sociology of Education
- Page Range:81-88
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:apparel; waste recycling poverty profligacy;
- Summary/Abstract:The area of the fashion industry has never been stronger and the consumption and purchase of clothing, fashion, sports, children's, business is constantly growing. Parts of the world do not resist the consumer mentality, which also depends on the personal attitude of the individual, and the poorer part of the world is the one that produces clothes for minimum wages. Throughout history, clothing has served to protect against the weather, beautify and last until almost complete wear and tear. It was expensive, and the average resident didn’t spend on a wardrobe like it seems today. The field of clothing is comprehensive and interesting both sociologically and psychologically and there is often an exaggeration in consumption which strengthens both production and the fall in product prices. With the fall in price, fall and quality, clothing, not fashion, because it is debatable to talk about the meaning of fashion that it had decades ago and the definition, which speeds up the process of changing the purchase and rejection of clothing. In contrast to the mass consumption of cheap clothing, there are large fashion houses with extremely unaffordable and high prices of unique items. The problem and question of ethical principles lies in piling up unnecessary clothes, buying supplies and discarding that same wardrobe in a few months. Textile waste can be recycled in organized societies, and the opposite ends up in landfills that, like any other landfill, pollute the environment. Conscientious societies or individuals will manage their clothing sensibly, but so-called "shopping" often occurs, especially among women.