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The Contexts for the Formation of the Polish Grammatical Terminology (15th–20th century) Cover Image

Konteksty kształtowania się polskiej terminologii gramatycznej (XV–XX w.) / The Contexts for the Formation of the Polish Grammatical Terminology (15th–20th century)
The Contexts for the Formation of the Polish Grammatical Terminology (15th–20th century)

Contributor(s): Wanda Decyk-Zięba (Editor), Izabela Stąpor (Editor)
Subject(s): Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
Published by: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Keywords: grammatical terminology; grammar; origins of Polish grammatical terms; evolution of Polish grammatical nomenclature; Polish language dictionaries
Summary/Abstract: The publication discusses the contribution of individual authors and works to shaping Polish grammatical terminology and presents the results of the work on the 'Historical Dictionary of Grammatical Terms (SHTG)', accessible online at: https://shtg.uw.edu.pl. An overview of the works of different authors allows to distinguish two periods of the formation of Polish grammatical terminology: the first one – from the publication of the bilingual grammar by Aelius Donatus (around 1530) to the first Polish-language grammar of Polish by Walenty Szylarski (the 1770s), and the second one – from the publication of the first grammar handbook for national schools by Onufry Kopczyński (1778) to the first academic grammar by Stanisław Szober (1923).

  • E-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-6760-8
  • Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-6752-3
  • Page Count: 522
  • Publication Year: 2024
  • Language: English, Polish
Wprowadzenie

Wprowadzenie
(Introduction)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Izabela Stąpor
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:7-10
  • No. of Pages:4
Terminologia w łacińsko-polskich wydaniach gramatyki Eliusza Donata i jej wpływ na kształtowanie się polskiej terminologii gramatycznej

Terminologia w łacińsko-polskich wydaniach gramatyki Eliusza Donata i jej wpływ na kształtowanie się polskiej terminologii gramatycznej
(Terminology in the Latin-Polish Editions of Elius Donatus and Its Impact on the Creation of Polish Grammatical Terminology)

  • Author(s):Kamil Pawlicki
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:11-37
  • No. of Pages:27
  • Keywords:grammatical terminology; grammars; Elius Donatus; Polish language; Latin language; borrowings
  • Summary/Abstract:The first part of the chapter analyzes the Polish terms present in five selected bilingual Latin-Polish editions of Aelius Donatus’s grammar (1542, 1583, 1595, 1649, 1795) based on material from the 'Historical Dictionary of Grammatical Terms' ("Słownik historyczny terminów gramatycznych", SHTG). Semantic or structural borrowings dominate, and most appear in Polish literature for the first time in the Donatus editions. For the most part, these are accurate translations of Latin terms. In the second part, terms from the Donatus editions are juxtaposed with terms from other grammars, orthographies and dictionaries included in SHTG. Works from the 17th and 18th centuries contain many of the terms present in Donatus, while from the late 18th and early 19th centuries the number of common terms decreases to about a dozen, which can be considered the most lasting influence of the Donatus editions on Polish grammatical terminology.
Polska terminologia gramatyczna w gramatykach Macieja Gutthätera-Dobrackiego – jej źródła i recepcja

Polska terminologia gramatyczna w gramatykach Macieja Gutthätera-Dobrackiego – jej źródła i recepcja
(Polish Grammatical Terminology in the Grammars Of Maciej Gutthäter-Dobracki: Its Sources and Reception)

  • Author(s):Anna Just
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:38-59
  • No. of Pages:22
  • Keywords:grammatical terminology; grammars; Maciej Gutthäter-Dobracki; Polish language; German language
  • Summary/Abstract:A common view in the older literature on the subject is that the core of Polish grammatical terminology comes from Maciej Gutthäter-Dobracki. The view is all the more surprising given that Dobracki is the author of two grammars of the Polish language written in German and published in print in the 1660s. However, since the first grammar of the Polish language written in Polish did not appear in print until 1770, while grammars of the Polish language written in foreign languages date back to the 16th century, it seems quite natural that Polish grammatical terms first appeared in foreign-language studies. In light of the data from the 'Historical Dictionary of Grammatical Terms', the notion that the core of Polish grammatical terminology comes from Dobracki is no longer so obvious. The author’s merits in the development and consolidation of Polish grammatical nomenclature should rather be seen in using the Polish terminology, but not necessarily in creating it.
Polska terminologia gramatyczna w podręcznikach do nauki języka francuskiego (F.D. Duchênebillot, Bartłomiej Kazimierz Malicki, Stanisław Nałęcz-Moszczeński)

Polska terminologia gramatyczna w podręcznikach do nauki języka francuskiego (F.D. Duchênebillot, Bartłomiej Kazimierz Malicki, Stanisław Nałęcz-Moszczeński)
(Polish Grammatical Terminology in French Textbooks (F.D. Duchênebillot, Bartłomiej Kazimierz Malicki, Stanisław Nałęcz-Moszczeński))

  • Author(s):Marcin Jakubczyk
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Translation Studies, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:60-78
  • No. of Pages:19
  • Keywords:grammatical terminology; grammars; F.D. Duchênebillot; Bartłomiej Kazimierz Malicki; Stanislaw Nałęcz-Moszczeński; Polish language; French language
  • Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this study is to discuss Polish grammatical terminology in three grammars of the French language: by F.D. Duchênebillot (1699), Bartłomiej Kazimierz Malicki (1700) and Stanisław Nałęcz-Moszczeński (1774). The terminology used in the examined works, as in many other grammars of the Middle Polish period, underlines the legacy of Latin grammars. It is broken to some extent by Moszczeński, who makes use of more recent French grammars, especially the one written by Restaut, who does not break with tradition, but at the same time, makes obvious references to the Port-Royal grammar. The works of Duchênebillot, Malicki and Moszczeński are valuable sources for the history of Polish linguistics, as they clearly demonstrate the gradual development of grammatical metalanguage and, more broadly, the evolution of reflection on language (also relevant in this context are Moszczeński’s terminological experiments.
Geneza i ewolucja terminologii gramatycznej w polskich tłumaczeniach gramatyki łacińskiej Stanisława Konarskiego

Geneza i ewolucja terminologii gramatycznej w polskich tłumaczeniach gramatyki łacińskiej Stanisława Konarskiego
(The Genesis and Evolution of Grammatical Terminology in the Polish Translations of Stanisław Konarski’s Latin Grammar)

  • Author(s):Magdalena Zawadzka
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:79-98
  • No. of Pages:20
  • Keywords:grammatical terminology; grammars; Stanisław Konarski; Polish language; Latin language
  • Summary/Abstract:The text depicts the changes in the terminology used in the translations of Stanisław Konarski’s grammar (from 1741) that occurred in several key areas: branches of grammar, punctuation marks, parts of speech, names of cases, numbers and genders. Konarski’s grammar has travelled a long way from the Latin original to an edition containing fully Polish terminology. Two events appeared to be groundbreaking: one was the creation in 1759 of the first Polish translation, which introduced Polish terms The second one was the publication of Kopczyński’s grammar, which introduced a coherent system of Polish grammatical nomenclature, gradually adopted by the publishers and editors of subsequent editions of Konarski’s textbook. It occurs though chronologically later editions, for example the 1805 and 1814 Vilnius editions, are much closer with regard to the terminology they use to the first translation from 1759 than to the 1805 and 1813 editions that contained a richer collection of Polish terms.
Rola gramatyki Johanna Christopha Gottscheda w utrwalaniu polskiej terminologii gramatycznej

Rola gramatyki Johanna Christopha Gottscheda w utrwalaniu polskiej terminologii gramatycznej
(The Role of Johann Christoph Gottsched’s Grammar in Consolidating Polish Grammatical Terminology)

  • Author(s):Anna Just
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:99-125
  • No. of Pages:27
  • Keywords:Johann Christoph Gottsched; grammars; grammatical terminology; German language; Polish language
  • Summary/Abstract:Until the 17th century, Polish didactics was dominated by the study of classical languages, the teaching of German was limited to Silesia and Pomerania regions. It was not until mid-18th century that the study of modern foreign languages, mainly French and German, was introduced to Polish schools. Many schools taught from a Polish-language study of German grammar by Johann Christoph Gottsched. This textbook was popular both in Poland and in other countries, and it lived to see as many as eleven Polish-language editions between 1765 and 1799. The basis of the Polish versions was an abridgment of Gottsched’s original work. For the study of the development of Polish grammatical terminology, grammatical terms in these studies are extremely important - their comparison can, after all, show which terms were already relatively well-established, which were ephemera without a trace in the resources of earlier or later terminology, or those created by the author-translator of the Polish-language version, which have entered the Polish grammatical terminology for good.
W poszanowaniu tradycji – terminologia gramatyczna w pierwszej gramatyce języka polskiego napisanej po polsku

W poszanowaniu tradycji – terminologia gramatyczna w pierwszej gramatyce języka polskiego napisanej po polsku
(Upholding Tradition: Grammatical Terminology in the First Grammar of the Polish Language Written in Polish)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:126-150
  • No. of Pages:25
  • Keywords:grammar of Polish language; Walenty Szylarski; grammatical terminology grammatical categories; parts of speech; punctuation marks
  • Summary/Abstract:Published in 1770, the study by Walenty Szylarski is the most complete description of Polish grammar compared to its contemporaries (Kleczewski 1767, Dudziński 1776). As the manuscript version of this grammar from 1767 has survived, we also have the opportunity to compare the grammatical terminology used in the manuscript to with the one used in print. As for Polish terms, Szylarski was a supporter of the grammatical tradition started by Donatus’s bilingual Latin-Polish grammar, in which Latin terms were translated into Polish. The primary mode of transposition was linguistic calques (semantic or structural), rarely lexical borrowings. If one compares the manuscript with the print, in Szylarski’s grammar; there is a clear tendency to unify the nomenclature, and to limit the scope of bilingual Latin and Polish nomenclature in favor of the Polish one. The most extensive section was the terminology related to inflection. The information about punctuation marks is extensive. There are few terms relating to phonetics and word formation.
Ciągłość i zmiana – proces kształtowania się polskiej terminologii gramatycznej Onufrego Kopczyńskiego

Ciągłość i zmiana – proces kształtowania się polskiej terminologii gramatycznej Onufrego Kopczyńskiego
(Continuity and Change: The Forming of Polish Grammatical Terminology by Onufry Kopczyński)

  • Author(s):Monika Kresa
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:151-165
  • No. of Pages:15
  • Keywords:Onufry Kopczynski; grammars; grammatical terminology; 18th century; Polish language
  • Summary/Abstract:The types, ways of creating and functions of grammatical terms invented by Onufry Kopczyński were described in essence by Teresa Skubalanka in a 1957 text. At the time, it attempted to show the terminological innovation of the 18th-century Piarist against earlier grammatical works. The possibilities created by the 'Dictionary of Historical Grammatical Terms', allow us to verify its findings, and show Onufry Kopczyński’s terminological proposal as a kind of process, involving a conscious choice between the lexis established in the grammatical discourse and its neologisms. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the change Kopczynski made, despite its seemingly revolutionary linguistic nature, was the result of an evolutionary clash between the “old” and the “new.” Nor did it grow in a terminological vacuum: it was created in a spirit of respect for the past, the language and its users.
U źródeł naukowego językoznawstwa – terminologia w gramatykach Antoniego Małeckiego (1863 i 1879)

U źródeł naukowego językoznawstwa – terminologia w gramatykach Antoniego Małeckiego (1863 i 1879)
(At the Origin of Scientific Linguistics: Terminology in Antoni Małecki’s Grammars (1863 and 1879))

  • Author(s):Izabela Stąpor
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:166-190
  • No. of Pages:25
  • Keywords:Antoni Małecki; grammatical terminology; historical-comparative method; language evolution; Latin language; German language
  • Summary/Abstract:Antoni Małecki’s grammars (especially the one from 1863) have used historical-comparative methodology in describing the Polish language for the first time. This allowed for a broader and more accurate analysis of the phenomena and showed the evolution of the language system. On the one hand, Małecki was a supporter of the grammatical tradition, which used Polish terms derived from Latin. In addition to these, numerous terms (mainly in morphology and syntax) of German origin appear in grammars. These are lexical borrowings, but primarily linguistic (structural) calques. Małecki’s grammar shows a tendency to unify the nomenclature and create Polish terms corresponding to those used in European linguistics. However, while the phonetic and inflectional terminology is already relatively orderly by then, the vocabulary and syntactic nomenclature are still defined by instability and high variability.
Terminologia gramatyczna przełomu XIX i XX wieku: Adam Antoni Kryński – Stanisław Szober

Terminologia gramatyczna przełomu XIX i XX wieku: Adam Antoni Kryński – Stanisław Szober
(Grammatical Terminology of the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries: Adam Antoni Kryński - Stanisław Szober)

  • Author(s):Aleksandra Żurek-Huszcz
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:191-209
  • No. of Pages:19
  • Keywords:Adam Antoni Kryński; Stanisław Szober; grammars; grammatical terminology; 19th century; 20th century
  • Summary/Abstract:The article presents the development of Polish grammatical terminology at the turn of the 20th century. The study is based on terms excerpted from the grammars by Adam Antoni Kryński (1897) and Stanisław Szober (1923). The development of terminology is particularly evident in the area of syntax; among others, okolicznik [adverbial], orzeczenie imienne [predicative nominal], zdanie złożone współrzędnie [relative clause] and zdanie złożone podrzędnie [subordinate clause] appeared. New terms in morphology include, for example, wyraz samodzielny [lit. independent word] and wyraz niesamodzielny [lit. dependent word] and in phonetics, psychofonetyka [psychophonetics] (fonetyka funkcjonalna [functional phonetics]), corresponding to today’s phonology, as well as spółgłoska przedniojęzykowa [coronal consonant] and spółgłoska średniojęzykowa [palatal consonant]. Some collateral forms have also fallen out of use, indicating the stabilization of this naming layer. Certain naming patterns have also become widespread. The findings of the 1921 congress of grammarians were important in the formation of terminology, and many of the names sanctioned at that time seem to have been created by Szober.
Zakończenie

Zakończenie
(Afterword)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Izabela Stąpor
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:211-214
  • No. of Pages:4
Ilustracje

Ilustracje
(Figures)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Izabela Stąpor
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:215-232
  • No. of Pages:18
Introduction

Introduction
(Introduction)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Izabela Stąpor
  • Contributor(s):Helena Marzec-Gołąb (Translator)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:235-238
  • No. of Pages:4
Terminology in the Latin-Polish editions of Aelius Donatus’s grammar and its impact on the creation of Polish grammatical terminology

Terminology in the Latin-Polish editions of Aelius Donatus’s grammar and its impact on the creation of Polish grammatical terminology
(Terminology in the Latin-Polish editions of Aelius Donatus’s grammar and its impact on the creation of Polish grammatical terminology)

  • Author(s):Kamil Pawlicki
  • Contributor(s):Helena Marzec-Gołąb (Translator)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:239-268
  • No. of Pages:30
  • Summary/Abstract:The first part of the chapter analyzes the Polish terms present in five selected bilingual Latin-Polish editions of Aelius Donatus’s grammar (1542, 1583, 1595, 1649, 1795) based on material from the 'Historical Dictionary of Grammatical Terms' ("Słownik historyczny terminów gramatycznych", SHTG). Semantic or structural borrowings dominate, and most appear in Polish literature for the first time in the Donatus editions. For the most part, these are accurate translations of Latin terms. In the second part, terms from the Donatus editions are juxtaposed with terms from other grammars, orthographies and dictionaries included in SHTG. Works from the 17th and 18th centuries contain many of the terms present in Donatus, while from the late 18th and early 19th centuries the number of common terms decreases to about a dozen, which can be considered the most lasting influence of the Donatus editions on Polish grammatical terminology.
Polish grammatical terminology in the grammars of Maciej Gutthäter-Dobracki: its sources and reception

Polish grammatical terminology in the grammars of Maciej Gutthäter-Dobracki: its sources and reception
(Polish grammatical terminology in the grammars of Maciej Gutthäter-Dobracki: its sources and reception)

  • Author(s):Anna Just
  • Contributor(s):Helena Marzec-Gołąb (Translator)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:269-292
  • No. of Pages:24
  • Summary/Abstract:A common view in the older literature on the subject is that the core of Polish grammatical terminology comes from Maciej Gutthäter-Dobracki. The view is all the more surprising given that Dobracki is the author of two grammars of the Polish language written in German and published in print in the 1660s. However, since the first grammar of the Polish language written in Polish did not appear in print until 1770, while grammars of the Polish language written in foreign languages date back to the 16th century, it seems quite natural that Polish grammatical terms first appeared in foreign-language studies. In light of the data from the 'Historical Dictionary of Grammatical Terms', the notion that the core of Polish grammatical terminology comes from Dobracki is no longer so obvious. The author’s merits in the development and consolidation of Polish grammatical nomenclature should rather be seen in using the Polish terminology, but not necessarily in creating it.
Polish grammatical terminology in French textbooks (F. D. Duchênebillot, Bartłomiej Kazimierz Malicki, Stanisław Nałęcz-Moszczeński)

Polish grammatical terminology in French textbooks (F. D. Duchênebillot, Bartłomiej Kazimierz Malicki, Stanisław Nałęcz-Moszczeński)
(Polish grammatical terminology in French textbooks (F. D. Duchênebillot, Bartłomiej Kazimierz Malicki, Stanisław Nałęcz-Moszczeński))

  • Author(s):Marcin Jakubczyk
  • Contributor(s):Helena Marzec-Gołąb (Translator)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:293-312
  • No. of Pages:20
  • Keywords:grammatical terminology; grammars; F.D. Duchênebillot; Bartłomiej Kazimierz Malicki; Stanislaw Nałęcz-Moszczeński; Polish language; French language
  • Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this study is to discuss Polish grammatical terminology in three grammars of the French language: by F.D. Duchênebillot (1699), Bartłomiej Kazimierz Malicki (1700) and Stanisław Nałęcz-Moszczeński (1774). The terminology used in the examined works, as in many other grammars of the Middle Polish period, underlines the legacy of Latin grammars. It is broken to some extent by Moszczeński, who makes use of more recent French grammars, especially the one written by Restaut, who does not break with tradition, but at the same time, makes obvious references to the Port-Royal grammar. The works of Duchênebillot, Malicki and Moszczeński are valuable sources for the history of Polish linguistics, as they clearly demonstrate the gradual development of grammatical metalanguage and, more broadly, the evolution of reflection on language (also relevant in this context are Moszczeński’s terminological experiments.
The genesis and evolution of grammatical terminology in the Polish translations of Stanisław Konarski’s Latin grammar

The genesis and evolution of grammatical terminology in the Polish translations of Stanisław Konarski’s Latin grammar
(The genesis and evolution of grammatical terminology in the Polish translations of Stanisław Konarski’s Latin grammar)

  • Author(s):Magdalena Zawadzka
  • Contributor(s):Helena Marzec-Gołąb (Translator)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:313-333
  • No. of Pages:21
  • Keywords:grammatical terminology; grammars; Stanisław Konarski; Polish language; Latin language
  • Summary/Abstract:The text depicts the changes in the terminology used in the translations of Stanisław Konarski’s grammar (from 1741) that occurred in several key areas: branches of grammar, punctuation marks, parts of speech, names of cases, numbers and genders. Konarski’s grammar has travelled a long way from the Latin original to an edition containing fully Polish terminology. Two events appeared to be groundbreaking: one was the creation in 1759 of the first Polish translation, which introduced Polish terms The second one was the publication of Kopczyński’s grammar, which introduced a coherent system of Polish grammatical nomenclature, gradually adopted by the publishers and editors of subsequent editions of Konarski’s textbook. It occurs though chronologically later editions, for example the 1805 and 1814 Vilnius editions, are much closer with regard to the terminology they use to the first translation from 1759 than to the 1805 and 1813 editions that contained a richer collection of Polish terms.
The role of Johann Christoph Gottsched’s grammar in consolidating Polish grammatical terminology

The role of Johann Christoph Gottsched’s grammar in consolidating Polish grammatical terminology
(The role of Johann Christoph Gottsched’s grammar in consolidating Polish grammatical terminology)

  • Author(s):Anna Just
  • Contributor(s):Helena Marzec-Gołąb (Translator)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:334-362
  • No. of Pages:29
  • Keywords:Johann Christoph Gottsched; grammars; grammatical terminology; German language; Polish language
  • Summary/Abstract:Until the 17th century, Polish didactics was dominated by the study of classical languages, the teaching of German was limited to Silesia and Pomerania regions. It was not until mid-18th century that the study of modern foreign languages, mainly French and German, was introduced to Polish schools. Many schools taught from a Polish-language study of German grammar by Johann Christoph Gottsched. This textbook was popular both in Poland and in other countries, and it lived to see as many as eleven Polish-language editions between 1765 and 1799. The basis of the Polish versions was an abridgment of Gottsched’s original work. For the study of the development of Polish grammatical terminology, grammatical terms in these studies are extremely important—their comparison can, after all, show which terms were already relatively well-established, which were ephemera without a trace in the resources of earlier or later terminology, or those created by the author-translator of the Polish-language version, which have entered the Polish grammatical terminology for good.
Upholding tradition: grammatical terminology in the first grammar of the Polish language written in Polish

Upholding tradition: grammatical terminology in the first grammar of the Polish language written in Polish
(Upholding tradition: grammatical terminology in the first grammar of the Polish language written in Polish)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba
  • Contributor(s):Helena Marzec-Gołąb (Translator)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:363-391
  • No. of Pages:29
  • Keywords:grammar of Polish language; Walenty Szylarski; grammatical terminology grammatical categories; parts of speech; punctuation marks
  • Summary/Abstract:Published in 1770, the study by Walenty Szylarski is the most complete description of Polish grammar compared to its contemporaries (Kleczewski 1767, Dudziński 1776). As the manuscript version of this grammar from 1767 has survived, we also have the opportunity to compare the grammatical terminology used in the manuscript to with the one used in print. As for Polish terms, Szylarski was a supporter of the grammatical tradition started by Donatus’s bilingual Latin-Polish grammar, in which Latin terms were translated into Polish. The primary mode of transposition was linguistic calques (semantic or structural), rarely lexical borrowings. If one compares the manuscript with the print, in Szylarski’s grammar; there is a clear tendency to unify the nomenclature, and to limit the scope of bilingual Latin and Polish nomenclature in favor of the Polish one. The most extensive section was the terminology related to inflection. The information about punctuation marks is extensive. There are few terms relating to phonetics and word formation.
Continuity and change: the process of forming Polish grammatical terminology by Onufry Kopczyński

Continuity and change: the process of forming Polish grammatical terminology by Onufry Kopczyński
(Continuity and change: the process of forming Polish grammatical terminology by Onufry Kopczyński)

  • Author(s):Monika Kresa
  • Contributor(s):Helena Marzec-Gołąb (Translator)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:392-409
  • No. of Pages:18
  • Keywords:Onufry Kopczynski; grammars; grammatical terminology; 18th century; Polish language
  • Summary/Abstract:The types, ways of creating and functions of grammatical terms invented by Onufry Kopczyński were described in essence by Teresa Skubalanka in a 1957 text. At the time, it attempted to show the terminological innovation of the 18th-century Piarist against earlier grammatical works. The possibilities created by the 'Dictionary of Historical Grammatical Terms', allow us to verify its findings, and show Onufry Kopczyński’s terminological proposal as a kind of process, involving a conscious choice between the lexis established in the grammatical discourse and its neologisms. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the change Kopczynski made, despite its seemingly revolutionary linguistic nature, was the result of an evolutionary clash between the “old” and the “new.” Nor did it grow in a terminological vacuum: it was created in a spirit of respect for the past, the language and its users.
At the origin of scientific linguistics: terminology in Antoni Małecki’s grammars (1863 and 1879)

At the origin of scientific linguistics: terminology in Antoni Małecki’s grammars (1863 and 1879)
(At the origin of scientific linguistics: terminology in Antoni Małecki’s grammars (1863 and 1879))

  • Author(s):Izabela Stąpor
  • Contributor(s):Helena Marzec-Gołąb (Translator)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:410-438
  • No. of Pages:29
  • Keywords:Antoni Małecki; grammatical terminology; historical-comparative method; language evolution; Latin language; German language
  • Summary/Abstract:Antoni Małecki’s grammars (especially the one from 1863) have used historical-comparative methodology in describing the Polish language for the first time. This allowed for a broader and more accurate analysis of the phenomena and showed the evolution of the language system. On the one hand, Małecki was a supporter of the grammatical tradition, which used Polish terms derived from Latin. In addition to these, numerous terms (mainly in morphology and syntax) of German origin appear in grammars. These are lexical borrowings, but primarily linguistic (structural) calques. Małecki’s grammar shows a tendency to unify the nomenclature and create Polish terms corresponding to those used in European linguistics. However, while the phonetic and inflectional terminology is already relatively orderly by then, the vocabulary and syntactic nomenclature are still defined by instability and high variability.
Grammatical terminology of the late 19th and early 20th centuries: Adam Antoni Kryński - Stanisław Szober

Grammatical terminology of the late 19th and early 20th centuries: Adam Antoni Kryński - Stanisław Szober
(Grammatical terminology of the late 19th and early 20th centuries: Adam Antoni Kryński - Stanisław Szober)

  • Author(s):Aleksandra Żurek-Huszcz
  • Contributor(s):Helena Marzec-Gołąb (Translator)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:439-460
  • No. of Pages:22
  • Keywords:Adam Antoni Kryński; Stanisław Szober; grammars; grammatical terminology; 19th century; 20th century
  • Summary/Abstract:The article presents the development of Polish grammatical terminology at the turn of the 20th century. The study is based on terms excerpted from the grammars by Adam Antoni Kryński (1897) and Stanisław Szober (1923). The development of terminology is particularly evident in the area of syntax; among others, okolicznik [adverbial], orzeczenie imienne [predicative nominal], zdanie złożone współrzędnie [relative clause] and zdanie złożone podrzędnie [subordinate clause] appeared. New terms in morphology include, for example, wyraz samodzielny [lit. independent word] and wyraz niesamodzielny [lit. dependent word] and in phonetics, psychofonetyka [psychophonetics] (fonetyka funkcjonalna [functional phonetics]), corresponding to today’s phonology, as well as spółgłoska przedniojęzykowa [coronal consonant] and spółgłoska średniojęzykowa [palatal consonant]. Some collateral forms have also fallen out of use, indicating the stabilization of this naming layer. Certain naming patterns have also become widespread. The findings of the 1921 congress of grammarians were important in the formation of terminology, and many of the names sanctioned at that time seem to have been created by Szober.
Conclusion

Conclusion
(Conclusion)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Izabela Stąpor
  • Contributor(s):Helena Marzec-Gołąb (Translator)
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:461-464
  • No. of Pages:4
Les contextes de la formation de la terminologie grammaticale polonaise (XV–XX siècles). Résumé

Les contextes de la formation de la terminologie grammaticale polonaise (XV–XX siècles). Résumé
(Contexts of the Formation of Polish Grammatical Terminology (15th–20th Centuries). Summary)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Izabela Stąpor
  • Contributor(s):Cezary Węgliński (Translator)
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:465-468
  • No. of Pages:4
Kontexte der Entwicklung polnischer grammatischer Terminologie. Zusammenfassung

Kontexte der Entwicklung polnischer grammatischer Terminologie. Zusammenfassung
(Contexts of the development of Polish grammatical terminology. Summary)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Izabela Stąpor
  • Language:German
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:469-472
  • No. of Pages:4
Bibliografia / Bibliography

Bibliografia / Bibliography
(Bibliography)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Izabela Stąpor
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:473-488
  • No. of Pages:16
Indeks nazwisk / Index of Names

Indeks nazwisk / Index of Names
(Index of Names)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Izabela Stąpor
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:489-494
  • No. of Pages:6
Indeks rzeczowy / Index of Terms

Indeks rzeczowy / Index of Terms
(Index of Terms)

  • Author(s):Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Izabela Stąpor
  • Language:Polish
  • Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Polish Literature, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:495-520
  • No. of Pages:26
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