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The Threshold. Proceedings of the Conference JOURNEES de la FRANCOPHONIE Cover Image

Le Seuil. Actes du colloque JOURNEES de la FRANCOPHONIE
The Threshold. Proceedings of the Conference JOURNEES de la FRANCOPHONIE

Author(s): Dumas Felicia
Contributor(s): Dumas Felicia (Editor)
Subject(s): Social Sciences, Language and Literature Studies, Literary Texts, Essay|Book Review |Scientific Life
Published by: Editura Junimea
Keywords: Threshold; Liminary symbols; linguistic; literary; translated expressions of liminality;
Summary/Abstract: On the threshold, time and space are suspended, opening onto the realm of possible worlds. Going beyond this frontier represents a choice whose impact is a series of irreversible acts, taking one from a universe to another, from a promise to its materialization, from dream to reality, from life to death. In no man’s land, in its ambiguous in-betweenness, nothing is decided, broken, revealed or transgressed as yet. The phantasmatic appeal of the threshold challenges our ontological landmarks. It is this abundance of structuring functions that creates a liminary zone where danger is stimulating and exchange still possible, as ascent and descent both can induce a shift in terms of the level of reality and degree of knowledge involved.

  • E-ISBN-13: 978-973-37-2511-4
  • E-ISBN-10: 978-973-37-25
  • Print-ISBN-13: 978-973-37-2511-4
  • Print-ISBN-10: 978-973-37-25
  • Page Count: 582
  • Publication Year: 2021
  • Language: French
Pourquoi et comment les portes parlent

Pourquoi et comment les portes parlent
(Why and how doors speak)

  • Author(s):Pascal Dibie
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):History, Architecture, Middle Ages, Theology and Religion, Cultural Essay
  • Page Range:15-27
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:door; interior; exterior; threshold; traditions;
  • Summary/Abstract:The door is not an object like the others, its evocation is almost always symbolic and this is how the doors have become subjects. Where does this taste for doors come from? Are they really protecting us? No door has ever succeeded in closing a space permanently. Let us remember that the door, this pivoting wall has two sides: the one which is seen from inside the house corresponding to the interior with all the limits that this implies, and the one which is seen from the outside of the house, the "outside the door”, the always threatening exterior.
« Dans l'amitié du seuil » (Char)

« Dans l'amitié du seuil » (Char)
("Within the friendship of the threshold" (Char))

  • Author(s):Christine DUPOUY
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Philology, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:28-40
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:threshold; paratext; poem; surrealism; theatre;
  • Summary/Abstract:Abstract: The notion of “threshold” was theorized by Genette in 1987, and refers to what is commonly called “paratext” - that is, everything that surrounds the text as such, including the publishing presentation, the name of the author. When dealing with Char, we shall look at the many dedications, epigraphs, forewords and back covers which clearly appear in his books thanks to the use of italics and which typify his writing. One point, essential to Char, was apparently not studied by Genette: the latter obviously underlines the function of presentation of what we call foreword, short of a better definition, and which Char would rather name “argumentations” or ? (bandeau). Yet, according to us, these singular texts, in relation with what follows, also have a value of their own: they are poems in the full sense of the term. Such is the aspect which we wish to study in this paper, thereby restauring the full status of text to what has been called, a bit disparagingly, paratext.
Seuil de vie, seuil de mort : la parole

Seuil de vie, seuil de mort : la parole
(Threshold of life, threshold of death: speech)

  • Author(s):Simona Modreanu
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Metaphysics, Romanian Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:41-48
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:tale; threshold; death; time; paradox; speech;
  • Summary/Abstract:Like the myths, the tales challenge our spirit and a worldview historically based on materialism, on the philosophy of the excluded third, on linear temporality and on submission to the laws of causality. The fairy tales, and this Romanian one in particular - Youth Without Age and Life Without Death -, offer us a way out of our customary reductionism, allowing a holistic and metaphysical approach in the broadest sense. What makes the originality, if not the uniqueness, of this tale is that we are dealing with a triple threshold, or rather with three thresholds.
Pour une poétique du seuil chez Baudelaire

Pour une poétique du seuil chez Baudelaire
(For a poetics of the threshold in Baudelaire's work)

  • Author(s):Liliana Foşalău
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:49-56
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:Baudelaire; passage; threshold; transgression; space; poetics; poetry;
  • Summary/Abstract:In this paper, we aim to show that Baudelaire’s poetry can also be read through the perspective of a threshold poetry. Whether we talk about lyric poetry or about the one that we find in his prose poems, we can easily identify a recurrence of the threshold type elements. In this semantic category can be found the doors, windows, balconies, fences, harbours, as well as elements that don’t have material consistency and that illustrate at the highest level the metaphysics and the threshold poetry. We will include in this second category elements such as the dream, the oblivion, love, travel, death and artificial paradises.
« Devenir lierre » : le « Poème du mur » d'Antoine Emaz (En deçà, 1990)

« Devenir lierre » : le « Poème du mur » d'Antoine Emaz (En deçà, 1990)
("Devenir lierre" : the "Poème du mur" by Antoine Emaz (En deçà, 1990))

  • Author(s):Laure SAUVAGE
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:57-70
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:Antoine Emaz; short form; metaliterarity; lyrism; aphorism; fragment;
  • Summary/Abstract:This article discusses the metaliterary nature of Antoine Emaz's "Poème du mur", which raises several questions of poetics. The refusal of immobilization creates an ambivalent confrontation with the wall. Poetic language then proposes different ways of creating thresholds. We first tackle the question of the lyrical outburst, a thwarted, derisory, but persistent impetus. We then study the conflict between the closure of speech and its opening, its dispersal. The mineral nature of the wall contaminates the language and tends to freeze it, but this process is partially countered. At the broader level of Emaz's work, the "Poème du mur" initiates a poetics as much as it reflects (on) it.
Seuils de la connaissance ésotérique dans « Le langage des oiseaux » de Farid-ud-Din 'Attâr

Seuils de la connaissance ésotérique dans « Le langage des oiseaux » de Farid-ud-Din 'Attâr
(Thresholds of esoteric knowledge in "Le langage des oiseaux" by Farid-ud-Din 'Attâr)

  • Author(s):Atmane Bissani
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Philosophy, Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Islam studies, Comparative Study of Literature, Other Language Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:71-79
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:Thresholds; Stations; Light; Illumination; Xvarnah; Numinous;
  • Summary/Abstract:Knowledge in the mystical tradition of Islam progresses from the exoteric to the esoteric. We are referring to a progress that transforms the reality of the sensible world into a way to get access to the secrets that only the devoted sâliq – wayfarer – is able to discover. On the other hand, the way and the thresholds along the way to the esoteric require perseverance, patience and bravery from the Soufi. The reason is the fact that the progress towards the esoteric knowledge is consubstantial with the progress towards the knowledge of God, the knowledge of the Truth. This knowledge is not available to everyone, but it divulges itself in the heart of the wayfarer as being God’s secret word. Le langage des oiseaux by Faridud- Din ‘Attâr, the text we deal with in the present paper, comes in the wake of the Soufi masters’ Thresholds leading to the esoteric knowledge, in many respects. Indeed, the birds crossing the seven valleys (thresholds, stations) in order to find the Simurgh (God) end up discovering themselves as being God. The illumination, God’s light, reigns then and the esoteric knowledge takes shape and makes sense, resulting in the access to the Numinous. Our paper questions the Thresholds of this mystical progress towards the ultimate experience of the Xvarnah, God’s light and glory.
Les dix plaies de « L'Insolation » de Rachid Boudjedra

Les dix plaies de « L'Insolation » de Rachid Boudjedra
(The ten plagues of "L'Insolation" by Rachid Boudjedra)

  • Author(s):Rym KHERIJI
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Other Language Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:80-93
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:Open a book; Algerian literature in French; Boudjedra; The sunstroke; Disgust; Catharsis;
  • Summary/Abstract:“The ten wounds of The sunstroke by Rachid Boudjedra: immersion in "a bottomless sewer"” attempts to interpret the process that begins when reading this novel. Assuming that the choice to read such and such a novel is in itself a threshold that the reader crosses, this threshold appears significantly particular when it comes to a book that stands out in the literary landscape. Reading is taking on the features of a perilous adventure where the exploration of a universe which evokes the “mud” (Musset), the “defilement” (Bataille), “what disturbs” (Kristeva) while arousing them becomes itself "a violent and obscure revolt of the human being against what threatens him" (Kristeva). Writing constructs this process and reading reproduces it, in turn creating patterns that allow immersion in a "bottomless" abyss while resisting vertigo. We therefore tried to establish a communication network, resonances in the musical sense of the term, with another fable, the one which, in the Bible (just like in the Koran for that matter), evokes the divine punishment that falls on Egypt and the Exodus of the Jewish people. This reconstruction confers on the reading one of its characteristics: the "catharsis" (Aristotle). Can we cross the threshold of The sunstroke while remaining unharmed? Doesn't evil breed evil? What remedy for foul mud? This study attempts to answer these and other questions that arise when it comes to an incandescent work.
Les portes de la Terre du Milieu : La notion du seuil dans l'univers de Tolkien

Les portes de la Terre du Milieu : La notion du seuil dans l'univers de Tolkien
(The doors of Middle-Earth: the notion of threshold in the universe of Tolkien)

  • Author(s):Mounir Hammouda, Fatma Zohra GHANEM
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural Essay, Philology, Theory of Literature, British Literature
  • Page Range:94-106
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:Threshold; doors; Tolkien; symbolic; mythocritic; actantial;
  • Summary/Abstract:The door evokes the idea of closure and blocking, opening and passage, crossing the threshold. In Tolkien’s writing, it forms a textual element which seems to be part only of the scenery but which is in reality what allows the hero to enter “a fundamental space” and to accomplish his mission. Therefore, this present work questions the symbolism and the role of the door in two major works of Tolkien's universe, namely The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings. What does a door symbolize and how can it influence the one who passes through it? What role does it play in the story? Is it an adjuvant or does it oppose the hero's plan? So many questions can be asked about this form of threshold, which is very present in these two novels, because their stories begin and end with the crossing of a door, and to answer to these questions, we will adopt a demarche based on a triad of approaches, namely the symbolic, the mythocritical, and the actancial.
Seuil du désir et immortalité perdue dans « La Peau de chagrin » de Balzac

Seuil du désir et immortalité perdue dans « La Peau de chagrin » de Balzac
(Threshold of desire and immortality in "Peau de chagrin" by Balzac)

  • Author(s):Diana Gradu
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:107-115
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:threshold; Balzac; Peau de Chagrin; immortality; love;
  • Summary/Abstract:Raphael, the third Archangel, the one whom God heals, or who, by divine extension, has softening powers, is – in the novel La Peau de chagrin de Balzac – a name not predestined for this glorious journey. The character of Balzac is, on the contrary, a weak being who ceaselessly crosses the threshold between life and death, love and betrayal, poverty and wealth, anguish and hope. Temptation, embodied by the old antiquarian of the Voltaire quay, a sort of Dieu-Faust sui generis, pushes Raphaël de Valentin to lead a life without references, often unreasonable. La Peau de chagrin is the materialization of the consciousness that every man is mortal and to see it every day, after every action and every gesture, shrinking, can constitute an unbearable moral torture.
Au seuil de la mer, au stade du miroir : Tristan et Yseut dans les poèmes en vers

Au seuil de la mer, au stade du miroir : Tristan et Yseut dans les poèmes en vers
(At the threshold of the sea, at the mirror stage: Tristan and Yseut in the verse poems)

  • Author(s):Brînduşa Grigoriu
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:116 - 132
  • No. of Pages:17
  • Keywords:Tristan; la mer(e); mirror stage; fiction line; Ego Ideal; liminality;
  • Summary/Abstract:Tristan and Yseut begin their career as holy terrors in the XIIth century, thanks to the French poets Béroul and Thomas. The present article suggests a refreshing approach to the ancient matiere de Tristan, via the “mirror stage” and the “fiction line” (Lacan, 1966: 92) afforded by the specular investment of the sea. L’amer / la mer becomes a liminal space favoring the generation of the couple Ego – Ego-Ideal, a horizon of bitter-sweet love (and amour-propre) to grasp through the matrix of the Philter.
Limites et transgressions dans la fiction et l'imaginaire du roman libertin du XVIIIe siècle

Limites et transgressions dans la fiction et l'imaginaire du roman libertin du XVIIIe siècle
(Limits and transgressions in the fiction and imaginary of the libertine novel of the 18th century)

  • Author(s):Carmen Andrei
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:133 - 149
  • No. of Pages:17
  • Keywords:Threshold; libertine; 18th century; transgression; pace; private;
  • Summary/Abstract:The present work focuses on the analysis of the threshold in the libertine imaginary, i.e. the physical, material, and affective, mental representations and (con)figurations of the boundaries and transgressions in the libertine literature of the 18th century, seen through the notion of threshold which is ever present in everything it contains on the overt/covert side, in the not-yet and already-done, the obscured-exhibited, consistently present in the temporal and spatial structures of fiction. The authors of books circulating in the free trade, "second-rate" creations, always kept on the fringes of literature, the same as their characters (young apprentices and experienced libertines), transgress everything, all bounds and frontiers, taboos and interdictions, showing a Promethean libertarian identity assertion will, a desire to defy, a bet to make or a challenge to beat.
Vie et rêve, « vases communicants »

Vie et rêve, « vases communicants »
(Life and dream, "communicating vessels")

  • Author(s):Maria Tronea
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, History of ideas, French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:150-170
  • No. of Pages:21
  • Keywords:real; unreal; dream; the fantastic; oneirism; magic realism; surrealism;
  • Summary/Abstract:This paper explores the relationship between reality and dream, between the real and the unreal in the Francophone imaginary. It describes the evolution of this relationship in all its aspects and approaches starting from the Romantics. The analysis is based on Francophone literature in Belgium, which is characterized by an intricate tension between the real and the unreal. Ulenspiegel’s Legend by Charles De Coster is considered to be the founding text on human propensity to dream and it paves the way for Modernist aesthetic theories. The same approach can be found in Maurice Maeterlink’s works where the threshold between reality and unreality is widely discussed. Franz Hellens, who promoted the fantastic in his works, wrote what can be termed as an extension of surrealism in Belgian literature, while Michel de Ghelderode associated onirism with painting-ness. The power of dreams in Marguerite Yourcenar’s characters relied on the theory of the communicating vessels, and Jean Ray adopted a classical fantastic centered on the paranormal. The paper ends with Paul Willems whose works are imbued with onirism and magic realism.
Au seuil de la mort. « L'autre lumière », de Mărgărita Miller-Verghy

Au seuil de la mort. « L'autre lumière », de Mărgărita Miller-Verghy
(On the threshold of death. "L'autre lumière" by Mărgărita Miller-Verghy)

  • Author(s):Mihaela Bacali
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Romanian Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:171-183
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:threshold; journey; path; rupture; passage; in-between;
  • Summary/Abstract:The threshold joins two territories, often contrasting or opposing ones. In the initiation experience, death is a way of transcending lay existence to step into another life, a spiritual one, bringing about regeneration. This scenario, also present in the mystical quest, provides the storyline of the novel Cealaltă lumină (The Other Light). The clash between two tendencies: the pursuit of a life fully enjoyed in the realm of the immanent, and the awareness of belonging to another world, that of the transcendent reality, is inextricably linked to self-introspection. Thus Ariana, the protagonist of this novel, journeys from death to life; her experience allows us to explore this genre which, while maintaining the experiential character specific to autobiographic texts, is related to other writings with strong spiritual undertones, such as the initiation novel or the mystical texts. Following her initiatory journey, with its trials and tribulations and even her initiatory «death», the protagonist’s relation to the sacred is built by means of a painstaking spiritual quest, sustained by her devotion, through a continued process of interiorization. Thus, she comes to resemble the mystics who incessantly follow this path towards the Absolute.The threshold joins two territories, often contrasting or opposing ones. In the initiation experience, death is a way of transcending lay existence to step into another life, a spiritual one, bringing about regeneration. This scenario, also present in the mystical quest, provides the storyline of the novel « Cealaltă lumina » (“The Other Light”). The clash between two tendencies: the pursuit of a life fully enjoyed in the realm of the immanent, and the awareness of belonging to another world, that of the transcendent reality, is inextricably linked to self-introspection. Thus Ariana, the protagonist of this novel, journeys from death to life; her experience allows us to explore this genre which, while maintaining the experiential character specific to autobiographic texts, is related to other writings with strong spiritual undertones, such as the initiation novel or the mystical texts. Following her initiatory journey, with its trials and tribulations and even her initiatory «death», the protagonist’s relation to the sacred is built by means of a painstaking spiritual quest, sustained by her devotion, through a continued process of interiorization. Thus, she comes to resemble the mystics who incessantly follow this path towards the Absolute.The threshold joins two territories, often contrasting or opposing ones. In the initiation experience, death is a way of transcending lay existence to step into another life, a spiritual one, bringing about regeneration. This scenario, also present in the mystical quest, provides the storyline of the novel « Cealaltă lumina » (“The Other Light”). The clash between two tendencies: the pursuit of a life fully enjoyed in the realm of the immanent, and the awareness of belonging to another world, that of the transcendent reality, is inextricably linked to self-introspection. Thus Ariana, the protagonist of this novel, journeys from death to life; her experience allows us to explore this genre which, while maintaining the experiential character specific to autobiographic texts, is related to other writings with strong spiritual undertones, such as the initiation novel or the mystical texts. Following her initiatory journey, with its trials and tribulations and even her initiatory «death», the protagonist’s relation to the sacred is built by means of a painstaking spiritual quest, sustained by her devotion, through a continued process of interiorization. Thus, she comes to resemble the mystics who incessantly follow this path towards the Absolute.
« Le Horla » de Guy de Maupassant - entre réalité, pathologie et métaphysique des seuils

« Le Horla » de Guy de Maupassant - entre réalité, pathologie et métaphysique des seuils
("Le Horla" de Guy de Maupassant - between reality, pathology and metaphysics of thresholds)

  • Author(s):Ana-Elena Costandache
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Metaphysics, French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:184 - 196
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:fantastic; reality; threshold(s); sense; identity; imaginary;
  • Summary/Abstract:Novel with biographical echoes, "Le Horla" by Guy de Maupassant join the series of fantasy stories that explore the human dyad, or the double of the individual. Made in the form of a (fake) private diary that involves both author and reader, the novel develops an approach that pendulum between several “realities” through questions of identity. Lost between reality and dream, reason and madness, logical and fantastic, the character-narrator offers the reader the possibility of deciding, for himself, whether the reveals events could be considered as rational or whether they cross the threshold of the supernatural. Consequently, we offer a fine analysis of this dramatic ambiguity which is maintained by the distinct points of view of the author and the narrator.
Le rêve, une liberté d'expression chez Caroline Lamarche

Le rêve, une liberté d'expression chez Caroline Lamarche
(The dream, a liberty of expression in the works of Caroline Lamarche)

  • Author(s):Mylène Mandart
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:197-203
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Keywords:Lamarche; dream; rape; society; women; literature;
  • Summary/Abstract:It is between two places, two times, but also two “self” that the figure Caroline Lamarche found herself in her work “La mémoire de l’air” (2014). The writer uses dichotomy between a conceptual life and a dreamlike life, to touch on the violation that the protagonist suffered from. It is because of the numerous key literary methods specific to dreams that Lamarche obtains a narration constantly midway between the conscious and the unconscious. When the reality becomes insufficient, reverie takes the upper hand. However, beyond the story of dreams, Lamarche suggests an interior monologue with a profound critical reflection on women in society, and his recourse of dreams to say what should have been put to rest.
Le seuil dans « La Barbe Bleue » de Charles Perrault - entre l'initiation pédagogique et la réalisation stylistique

Le seuil dans « La Barbe Bleue » de Charles Perrault - entre l'initiation pédagogique et la réalisation stylistique
(The threshold in "Blue Beard" by Charles Perrault - between pedagogical initiation and stylistic realization.)

  • Author(s):Ioana-Rucsandra Dascălu
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:204 - 211
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:tale; sources; classicism; threshold; colour; modernism;
  • Summary/Abstract:Charles Perrault’s “Blue Beard” was classified among initiation tales, in which the door, the key, the threshold symbolize mystery, death danger, as well as the saving of the young wife. Critical interpretations compared Greek and Roman characters: the gods Janus, Saturn and Chronos, who all had keys and cutting objects to split time. There is a possible connection with the Breton legend of Gilles de Rais (XVth century), as well as with the folk motif of the sun which killed dawn and of day which killed night. We intend to emphasize stylistic features and contexts, where the threshold, the door and the key appear from the beginning to the end, in order to show that these are the essential points which assure the progress of narration; we comment upon their linguistic achievement through presentatives, conjunctions and adverbs, which are used to interrupt a state and to mark renewal and the passage to another state. These verbal forms convey surprise, with respect to the marvelous and the unexpected, to those who read or listen to the tale.
Franchir le seuil du rêve : espace onirique et espace visionnaire dans les « Journaux » et les « Mémoires » de Vintilă Horia

Franchir le seuil du rêve : espace onirique et espace visionnaire dans les « Journaux » et les « Mémoires » de Vintilă Horia
(Crossing the threshold of the dream: oneirical space and visionary space in the "Diaries" and "Memoirs" of Vintilă Horia)

  • Author(s):Radu I. Petrescu
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Recent History (1900 till today), French Literature, Romanian Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:212-222
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:Vintilă Horia; diary; dreams; visions; Saint Clare of Assisi; threshold;
  • Summary/Abstract:Written in French and Romanian, Vintilă Horia’s autobiographical work dedicates an important amount of space to the recounting of dreams: memorable nocturnal dreams, as well as poignant daytime reveries of the self that tells of itself are transcribed, often commented upon and interpreted. The writer pays extreme attention to signs, that is to say, in baudelairian terms, to the forest of symbols he traverses. On the other hand, the experience of exile and wandering, so painful to the author, have elevated the Home Country, in his view, to the status of an absolute, mythical and heavenly place, and thus have created inside his subconscious a parallel geography of the world. However, sometimes, this particular type of experience, which is situated on the plane of the “imaginal world” (Henri Corbin), increases in intensity with lightning speed: a certain oneirical threshold is crossed without warning; and then we readers find ourselves, in the company of the subject expressing himself but also through him, immersed in the midst of a visionary space. These are some of the most important aspects that we aim to briefly analyse in this paper, browsing through a remarkable autobiographical body of texts, comprising some 1500 pages, that this great exile and Goncourt winner (1960) has left behind.
Représentations de la fenêtre dans « La Seconde Chance » de Virgil Gheorghiu

Représentations de la fenêtre dans « La Seconde Chance » de Virgil Gheorghiu
(Representations of the window in "The Second Chance" by Virgil Gheorghiu)

  • Author(s):Mirela Drăgoi
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Recent History (1900 till today), French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:223-232
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:interim space; dream vs reality; cultural frontiers; time; threshold;
  • Summary/Abstract:"The Second Chance" [La Seconde Chance] is the second novel that C. V. Gheorghiu, the Romanian writer of French expression, published in France, after the Second World War. The author considers that the title mirrors perfectly the definition of the exiled and his intention of highlighting the drama of the man that is forced to leave his own country and live in another space - a « second hand life » perceived as a second chance. The space imagined in the narrative is dualistic, with characters pondering between identity and otherness, interior and exterior, the threshold among these two universes being s symbolic of freedom and captivity. This paper has the objective of identifying the meanings that C. V. Gheorghiu attributes to the space of the action and to the cultural content featured by the binary construction of the spatial coordinates.
Métaphore d'un passage inquiétant chez Toussaint: « La Clé USB » ou la clé d'une porte dérobée

Métaphore d'un passage inquiétant chez Toussaint: « La Clé USB » ou la clé d'une porte dérobée
(Metaphor of a troubling passage in the works of Toussaint: "La Clé USB" or the key to a forbidden door)

  • Author(s):Cristina Croitoru
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:233-240
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:threshold; USB key; backdoor; deviation; concern; Jean-Philippe Toussaint;
  • Summary/Abstract:In the novel "La Clé USB" - a novel which represents the first part of a new novelistic cycle, followed a year later, in 2020, by "Les Emotions" - the concern for the future seems to us unprecedented in more than one regard because it springs up in the narrative structure as being associated with an immaterial threshold imagined as being material in order to be better apprehended. If fear immerses itself into the narrator's consciousness, it is only at the cost of an unexpected discovery that becomes more and more concrete as we go along, brought about by the assumption of a cyber passage illicitly created between East and West, or rather between Europe and China. But is the presence of a backdoor the real threshold that causes the narrator to feel an implacable fear, or is it just a deviation, as if to leave behind the threshold that has haunted humanity since the beginning of time, the threshold between life and death, the crossing of which remains forever irreversible?
« Le Tableau » d'Eugène Ionesco : le mythe de la métamorphose, un seuil entre la vie et le rêve

« Le Tableau » d'Eugène Ionesco : le mythe de la métamorphose, un seuil entre la vie et le rêve
(« Le Tableau » by Eugène Ionesco: the myth of metamorphosis, a threshold between life and dream)

  • Author(s):Maria-Luisa Țuculeanu
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:241 - 245
  • No. of Pages:5
  • Keywords:metamorphosis; fabulous; magic wand; story; window; symbol;
  • Summary/Abstract:Our study focuses on the myth of transformation viewed in the play “The Painting” ("Le Tableau") as a passage from the imaginary universe to the real world. The title itself, strongly related to the artistic field, suggests from the very beginning the idea of imagination, oneirism, reality governed by an aesthetic ideal. Therefore, the huge canvas unrolled by the two characters Alice and the Painter can be seen as a symbolic window which separates two different worlds. For example, Alice, the ugly woman, transforms at the end of the play into a very beautiful woman wearing a crown. Thus, impossible things appear to be possible due to a magic wand, as it happens to be in fairy tales.
Gérard de Nerval : au seuil du rêve

Gérard de Nerval : au seuil du rêve
(Gérard de Nerval: on the threshold of dream)

  • Author(s):Virgil Borcan
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:246-249
  • No. of Pages:4
  • Keywords:dream; delirium; threshold; limit; peratology; dreamlike;
  • Summary/Abstract:By postulating in “Aurélia” the dream as a second (and more filled with “substantive marrow”) life, Nerval acts as surrealist and dreamlike before the letter, and his work lends itself to a psychocritical analysis not only by virtue of its setbacks of the medical type. I set out to detect in his work (“Les Chimères”, “Aurélia”, “Les Filles du feu”) the textual clues of the (sometimes abrupt) passage from the real to the super-reality, since this is, in my opinion, that the threshold is found, which separates (or not?) the biography of the work. In this sense, Nerval is the author of limit texts (in the peratological sense of the term), and we can also read the limit as a threshold.
« Barbe Bleue » d'Amélie Nothomb - avatars et perspectives

« Barbe Bleue » d'Amélie Nothomb - avatars et perspectives
("Barbe Bleue" by Amélie Nothomb - avatars and perspectives)

  • Author(s):Elena Simina Bădărău
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Comparative Study of Literature, French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:250-256
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Keywords:story; metamorphosis; colors; glance; obsession; secrets;
  • Summary/Abstract:"Blue Beard" by Amélie Nothomb illustrates from the very beginning certain elements of intertextuality and seeks to enrich the famous story of Charles Perrault through an insolit perspective and innovative style, dynamic dialogues and powerful characters showing extreme passions. One can identify here the phenomenology of the mystery referring to a secret chamber, associated with inexpressible things, whose indiscretion becomes overwhelming. Stepping through the door (“l’entr-ouvert”) - unavoidable and terrifying place, means beyond doubt changing the characters’s lives. Our study mainly refers to a comparative analysis which focuses both on the metamorphosis of the story into a novel and the avatars of the latter one along the process of narration or adaptation from Blue Beard myth in a modern context, in short, the premises of an original writing, surprising and profound at the same time.
De Van Eyck à Vermeer : à la recherche d'une symbolique de l'espace

De Van Eyck à Vermeer : à la recherche d'une symbolique de l'espace
(From Van Eyck to Vermeer: in the search of a symbolics of space)

  • Author(s):Cristina Poede
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology, History of Art
  • Page Range:257-269
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:Flemish and Dutch painting; space; the uncanny; Van Eyck; Vermeer; Magritte;
  • Summary/Abstract:From the fervent universe of “The Mystic Lamb” to the tranquility of bourgeois interiors hiding secrets, Dutch painting evokes an ever more symbolic space marked by thresholds, doors and stairs, cautious or exuberant windows, interior courtyards conducive to melancholy and meditation. French writers have often revealed their attraction for Flemish and Dutch masters: Théophile Gautier (“A Tour in Belgium and Holland”), Gérard de Nerval (“Lorely. Souvenirs d'Allemagne”), Baudelaire (“Les Phares”), Marcel Proust (“The Prisoner”), Paul Valéry (“The Return from Holland”), Marguerite Yourcenar (“L’oeuvre au noir”) comment on the works of these painters, with whom they experienced subtle aesthetic affinities. The paper is an attempt to achieve a diachronic division of two centuries in order to observe certain modifications concerning the representation of space in Flemish and Dutch painting, modifications which took place from the late Middle Ages to the Golden Age, including the Renaissance.
« Une femme aimée » – le seuil en verre, l'antichambre du consumérisme et l'univers des solitaires

« Une femme aimée » – le seuil en verre, l'antichambre du consumérisme et l'univers des solitaires
("Une femme aimée" – the threshold in glass, the antechamber of consumerism and the universe of solitaries)

  • Author(s):Ana-Maria Roșca
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Political history, Recent History (1900 till today), French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:270-274
  • No. of Pages:5
  • Keywords:mirror; threshold; memory; history; Catherine the Great; Andreï Makine;
  • Summary/Abstract:Usually, two cultures hold the reigns in Andreï Makine’s novels – the Russian matrix and the French catalyst. However, the novel “Une femme aimée” has a slightly different structure, because the Russian catalyst overpowers any other culture. Every time Oleg Erdmann turns a pocket mirror over and over in his hand, he thinks about the hidden alcove of the Empress Catherine the Great – a big, heavy threshold, made of glass, that falls and rises over the years. Meanwhile, Russia, as he knows it, changes and then ceases to exist. On the verge of this new world, the financial censorship tears the humanity apart even more than the pollical one did.
Le seuil, matrice du surréel chez André Breton

Le seuil, matrice du surréel chez André Breton
(The threshold, matrix of the surreal in the work of André Breton)

  • Author(s):Jean-Yves Michel
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:275-282
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:threshold; André Breton; surrealist; Nadja; quest; writing;
  • Summary/Abstract:The notion of threshold appears as a fundamental key notion in André Breton’s stories, where everything takes on the face of an initiatory quest, where the revelation is a process of knowledge, where reality at a given moment topples into another revealing dimension, properly ‘surrealist’. The structure of the sentence and the text gives flesh to this quasi-mystical approach. The trilogy “Nadja - L’amour fou - Arcane 17” illustrates this notion, the eponymous character Nadja being the incarnation of it. Breton is a poet who explores the human universe in all its dimensions, through various approaches. With him emerges a holistic vision. The stories are as many initiatory quests, where are explored various universes which enter in contact, interpenetrate, to build a properly surrealist vision of the world. Both the man and the poet André Breton successively cross all the thresholds, the writing joined to the experimentation ‘in vivo’ being the place where the surreal vision can be elaborated, to build and realize a true alchemical work...
Le conte, un espace de transgression et de construction de soi

Le conte, un espace de transgression et de construction de soi
(The tale, a space of transgression and of self-construction)

  • Author(s):Emilia Dolcu
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Comparative Study of Literature, Cultural Essay
  • Page Range:283-299
  • No. of Pages:17
  • Keywords:explicit prohibition; implicit prohibition; natural justice; wishes; beliefs; self-construction;
  • Summary/Abstract:The desire to defy the forbidden is an essential element of the tale; Propp includes it in the initial situation of his narrative scheme. This space of transgression, specific to the tale, I propose to explore through the patterns of the door, the window, the partition, the passage. Along with the timeless, which is the register of all tales, I also examine the effect of the march of time on the message communicated by this type of story. A corpus of a dozen tales, from different backgrounds, will serve as the basis for my study.
Le seuil entre le rêve et le réel dans le théâtre baroque. « L'illusion comique » et « La vie est un songe ».

Le seuil entre le rêve et le réel dans le théâtre baroque. « L'illusion comique » et « La vie est un songe ».
(The threshold between dream and real in the Baroque Theater. "L'illusion comique" and "La vida es sueño")

  • Author(s):Sorina-Crina Ghiață
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Comparative Study of Literature, French Literature, Other Language Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:300-307
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:literature; thematic universe; theater; threshold; life; dream;
  • Summary/Abstract:Paradoxes and strong contrasts have always been one of the most common ideas of the Baroque movement. However, what seems unusual is the permanent oscillation between life and death, but also the mixture between the illusory and the real. Thereby, eloquent examples could be represented by two of the authors devoted to the literature of the time. As for the two texts belonging to Pierre Corneille and Pedro Calderón de la Barca, the motif of illusion and the theme of dream are, of course, aspects that bring these pieces together. We will see how their playwrights reflect the threshold between the life and dreams of their characters, in “L’Illusion comique and”: “La vida es sueño”.
La littérature décadente au-delà des frontières

La littérature décadente au-delà des frontières
(The Decadent literature beyond frontiers)

  • Author(s):Paul Matei Christian Botez
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:308-323
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:decadence; dandy; artifice; dream; art; pleasure;
  • Summary/Abstract:Considered to be an emblematic book for the decadent spirit of the late 19th century, “À Rebours” tells the story of a young dandy, a pessimist anti-hero, whose only desire is to retreat from the world and create his own artistic universe, where he can live in peace. This paper will examine the manner in which nobleman Jean des Esseintes builds an entirely artificial life for himself, one which involves overstepping many of the symbolic frontiers we establish in our day to day lives: between reality and dreams, between past and present, between nature and artifice, even between health and illness. I will also examine the extent to which the collapse of the novel's only physical frontier - namely the one between the house in Fontenay-aux-Roses and the outside world - illustrates the failure of the protagonist's daring aesthetic project.
Ionesco et le seuil de la théorie (de la littérature)

Ionesco et le seuil de la théorie (de la littérature)
(Ionesco and the threshold of theory (of literature))

  • Author(s):Iulian-Emil COȚOFANĂ
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, French Literature, Romanian Literature, Cultural Essay, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:324-336
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:theory (of literature); reading; Esslin; Ionesco; discourse (text); threshold;
  • Summary/Abstract:This research tries to propose a different attempt to approach the writings of and the critique discourse on Eugène Ionesco. The basic guidelines consist of the means of reflecting derived from what could still be named theory of literature. The possibilities of questioning the functioning of literature and of literary criticism are, in principle, rendered visible and intelligible by the domain of theory. It is in this sense that we consider theory as a central threshold before the text, since theory comes before practice or, in other words, theories regulate the reading of a text. The text is preceded by the conventions of reading and by horizons of the reader. But theoretical discourse represents a chance to contribute to their exposure and it helps to question how the text is made (constrained) to signify. After sketching the theoretical sphere, we test certain hypotheses starting from the prefaces and the introduction to the English and French editions of “The Theater of the Absurd”. Moreover, we choose a short text included in “Présent passé, passé present” in order to illustrate a theoretical reading. Thus we bring to light a configuration of theoretical means related to the practices of the critique and literary discourses.
Le festival littéraire - seuil vers l'imaginaire

Le festival littéraire - seuil vers l'imaginaire
(The literary festival - threshold towards the imaginary)

  • Author(s):Andra NICA
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, French Literature, Cultural Essay
  • Page Range:337-352
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:francophone literary festival; threshold; imaginary; cultural diversity; intercultural dialogue; sharing values;
  • Summary/Abstract:The interest that festivals arouse has led us to set up this study, which responds to a primarily historian concern. After a first part which questions the history and the origin of this literary event and its peculiarities, the second presents the functions of the festival which becomes a factor of literary legitimation, notoriety and reputation for the territories and for the writers. With the help of sociological surveys and analyzes applied to literary festivals, we will address in this work the question of the literary festival as a threshold towards the world of the imaginary, able to play the role of opening towards a magical universe where time loses its bearings while space has no more borders.
Le modèle français dans la culture roumaine au XIXe siècle – la formation de la jeune génération

Le modèle français dans la culture roumaine au XIXe siècle – la formation de la jeune génération
(The French model in the Romanian culture of the 19th century – the formation of the young generation)

  • Author(s):Dana Damian
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Social history, Comparative Study of Literature, 19th Century, Cultural Essay
  • Page Range:353 - 364
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:influence; mentality; source; model; threshold; modernity;
  • Summary/Abstract:During the 19th century, the French model exerted a decisive influence on the modernizing Romanian social, intellectual and cultural life, integrating mentalities of Western Europe different from the Eastern “models” - Turkish, Greek, Russian - until then. French influence reached its peak and manifested itself in almost all areas of social and cultural life. The Romanians found in French culture and spirituality a source of inspiration, a model, a training base. Through French influence, Romanian culture crosses the threshold to modernity. One can observe the readiness of the Romanians to push the door of the West, an action capable of triggering a series of visible and irreversible acts for the creation of the modern state.
Benjamin Fondane – le seuil philosophique et le motif du « juif errant »

Benjamin Fondane – le seuil philosophique et le motif du « juif errant »
(Benjamin Fondane – the philosophical threshold and the subject of the Jewish wanderer)

  • Author(s):Ștefana Gabriela Sîrbu
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Metaphysics, Recent History (1900 till today), Jewish Thought and Philosophy, History of Judaism, French Literature, Romanian Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:365-371
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Keywords:Benjamin Fondane; Lev Shestov; philosophy; Jewishness; identity;
  • Summary/Abstract:Benjamin Fondane is a Romanian author which at the age of 25 left for France, where he became a renown philosopher and expert in aesthetics. This modification of geographical coordinates had a significant impact on the author: the threshold he has to pass is not only linguistical but also creative. His life there isn’t facile and has to face the French language, which he knew but only by means of reading. Fondane’s meeting with Shestov was an important event in his life in France; it is Shestov who insists that he should read philosophy and also encourages him to write philosophy. It is for this reason that Fondane’s French poetry, his philosophical essays and aesthetic studies bear, to a certain extent, the mark of Shestov. Shestov and Fondane are philosophers of mystery and metaphysical anxiety, of the suffering of the individual and of the dialogue between man and God – if Shestov continues on the path of religious thought, Fondane remains more firmly attached to the Jewish spiritual identity and this fact is quite apparent – all of his philosophical and poetic work confirms it.
Conditions de satisfaction, maximes conversationnelles et règles de politesse ou comment faire échouer un acte de langage

Conditions de satisfaction, maximes conversationnelles et règles de politesse ou comment faire échouer un acte de langage
(Conditions of satisfaction, conversational maxims and politeness rules or how to make a failure out of a speech act)

  • Author(s):Carmen-Ștefania Stoean
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Pragmatics, French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:375-401
  • No. of Pages:27
  • Keywords:speech acts; conditions of satisfaction; failure; impoliteness; conversational maxims; transgression;
  • Summary/Abstract:We are looking at a certain type of directive speech acts, namely the failed speech acts. These are acts that aren’t able to reach their purpose or, if they do, they do it insufficiently. We aim at identifying the parameters that make their functioning problematic or completely prevent them from realization. Our research has a threefold development: Firstly, we describe the systems of rules following which illocutionary acts are performed, knowing that their failure derives, in principle, from the non-compliance to one or more rules of the same system or of different system of rules. Secondly, we identify the different failed speech acts and classify them based on the source of their failure (the rule / rules that were not obeyed). Finally, in the last part of our research, we analyze the consequences of noncompliance with the rules on the development and the output of the verbal exchanges where the selected speech acts are performed. Our presentation only covers the first two parts of the presentation.
« Bonjour à tou·te·s... » : de quelques valeurs de l'ironie sur les forums de discussions autour de l'écriture inclusive

« Bonjour à tou·te·s... » : de quelques valeurs de l'ironie sur les forums de discussions autour de l'écriture inclusive
("Bonjour à tou·te·s...": on values of irony in discussion forums on inclusive writing)

  • Author(s):Simina Mastacan
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Pragmatics, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:402-413
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:irony; inclusive writing; discussion forums; discordance; pragmatics; implicit;
  • Summary/Abstract:In our article we propose to reflect on some linguistic and pragmatic values of irony, which we will observe on a corpus of reactions recorded in the comments section of a set of articles on inclusive writing. We built this corpus between the years 2017-2021, by examining some French-language newspapers available on the Internet (Le Causeur, Le Figaro, Le Monde). What seems interesting to us to observe is, in fact, the way in which irony multiplies and diversifies its forms in contact with new forms of media communication.
Approche théorique du concept « seuil(s) » dans la didactique des langues

Approche théorique du concept « seuil(s) » dans la didactique des langues
(Theoretical approach of the concept "threshold(s)" in the didactics of languages)

  • Author(s):Natalia AVORNICESĂ
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Foreign languages learning, History of ideas, Language acquisition, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:414-420
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Keywords:Threshold; CEFR; level; language teaching; threshold level; Council of Europe;
  • Summary/Abstract:The concept of “threshold” is closely linked with the development of foreign language teaching. Most often, the word “threshold” is encountered in the phrase “level-threshold” and has become in recent years one of the key concepts in language teaching and the CEFR. The usefulness of the threshold level (threshold levels) is justified by its use in the development of different textbooks and language methods, curricula, certifications, assessment tests and for teachers. The origin of the term is associated with the mid-1970s with the Threshold Level, which represents the first functional / notional specification of language needs of the Council of Europe.
Les seuils des registres de langue dans le processus de traduction

Les seuils des registres de langue dans le processus de traduction
(The thresholds of linguistic registers in the process of translation)

  • Author(s):Simona-Aida Manolache, Simona-Aida MANOLACHE
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Foreign languages learning, Cultural Essay, Philology, Translation Studies
  • Page Range:421-434
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:translation; linguistic register; “L’élégance du hérisson”; threshold;
  • Summary/Abstract:A major challenge in translating a literary text is posed by the need to replicate the linguistic registers of the original. This is the case, in particular in contemporary literature which reflects the richness and diversity of various communities and mentalities by freely exploiting resources from all linguistic registers. Modern readers are used to encounter informal and slang words and structures in what is already considered canonical literature. However, for a translator to capture the socio-linguistic and cultural nuances of the original and replicate them in translation could be an almost insurmountable hurdle. My article discusses the translation of Muriel Barbey’s novel, “L’élégance du hérisson”, into Romanian in order to highlight the thin borderline between the informal and the standard linguistic registers and to emphasize the challenges faced by the novel’s translator.
De l'approximation ou du refus de dénomination dans « Un fin passage » de France Daigle

De l'approximation ou du refus de dénomination dans « Un fin passage » de France Daigle
(On approximation or on the refusal of denomination in "Un fin passage" by France Daigle)

  • Author(s):Cristina Petraş
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Lexis, French Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology, Stylistics
  • Page Range:435-450
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:designative expressions; characters; approximation; metalinguistic expressions; lexicalization; France Daigle;
  • Summary/Abstract:The designative expressions used to refer to some of the characters (anonymous ones) in the novel “Un fin passage” by France Daigle indicate a particular way of considering them and a specific narrative technique. To take a few examples, one of them is designated by “une sorte de prêtre”, “le prêtre générique”, “le poperabbin”, “le dénommé Shimon”, another by “l’homme qui n’a / avait pas l’air de lire”, a third one by “la femme à la laitue”, “la femme qui ne fume qu’en public”, “la femme qu’il disait aimer”. These expressions depict identities with fuzzy, diffuse outlines, that rely on the immediate context. This hesitation in giving characters lexicalized names is only one manifestation of what might be called a difficulty in naming things, in general (see metalinguistic expressions, approximation).
Au seuil de la langue (nouvelle) : codeswitching, attitudes et changements linguistique en Tunisie

Au seuil de la langue (nouvelle) : codeswitching, attitudes et changements linguistique en Tunisie
(On the threshold of the (new) language: codeswitching, attitudes and linguistical changes in Tunisia)

  • Author(s):Heikel BEN MUSTAPHA
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Foreign languages learning, Local History / Microhistory, Language acquisition, Historical Linguistics, Psycholinguistics, Sociolinguistics, Cultural Essay, Philology, Translation Studies
  • Page Range:451-495
  • No. of Pages:45
  • Keywords:Codeswitching; Diglossia; language conflict; Threshold; language attitudes; language change;
  • Summary/Abstract:When applied to language, the polysemic notion of threshold [seuil] refers to a transitional space where any linguistic stage is linked to preceding and following statements, to the before and the after. Unlike structural linguistics which studies language in a diachronic way, spoken languages do not show distinct linguistic stages and cannot thereby be studied in the perspective of an extended diachrony. They are only studied in a synchronic method especially when it becomes to study the speech of people before the invention of new technologies of recording. While linked with the precedent stage, a spoken language seems to be a variation resulting from it which announces the very future phase. In this way, they show continuously aspects of language change, which can be studied in the perspective of the Labovian “apparent time”. In the Tunisian context, the changes observed are, in part, “contact-induced” and seem to be reflected by the generalized practice of codeswitching. But, this practice, while motivated by communicative pressures, is intimately linked with the history of language contacts and with the ideologies (attitudes and representations) supporting their conflicting relations. In Tunisia, the language conflict results in paradoxical identities which muzzles speakers, and which does not enable us to indicate the orientation that language change will choose.
L'iconostase comme seuil : lexique, symbolique et significations

L'iconostase comme seuil : lexique, symbolique et significations
(The iconostasis as threshold: lexis, symbolics and significations)

  • Author(s):Dumas Felicia
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Christian Theology and Religion, Language studies, Cultural history, Semiotics / Semiology, History of ideas, Lexis, Semantics, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:496-506
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:threshold; iconostasis; French language; Orthodoxy; semantical study; contrastive perspective;
  • Summary/Abstract:This paper proposes a semantical, anthropological and semiological approach to the iconostasis of the Orthodox churches, defined as a threshold between the nave and the sanctuary, between the visible world of the worshippers and the invisible world of the heavenly powers and God. The paper considers a lexical-semantic study of two nouns used in French to refer to this dividing wall, as well as other words (and phrases) which designate other elements of the architectural ensemble which compose the iconostasis; this semantical study will be accompanied by a semiological analysis of the symbolism of the iconostasis (based on the works of liturgical hermeneutics) and of the the liturgical gestures which the iconostasis determines and guides from a semiological point of view, supported by a corpus of notes recorded in France and in Romania (during the liturgical practice) and by a few theological works.
Le seuil entre « informativité » ex « expressivité » dans la presse française et francophone : focus sur les titres

Le seuil entre « informativité » ex « expressivité » dans la presse française et francophone : focus sur les titres
(The threshold between "informativeness" and "expressiveness" in the French and Francophone press: focus on the titles)

  • Author(s):Mihaela Lupu
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Syntax, Lexis, Semantics, Psycholinguistics, Sociolinguistics, Descriptive linguistics, Cultural Essay, Philology, Phraseology, Stylistics
  • Page Range:507-522
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:informativeness; expressiveness; French and francophone press; discursive effects; rhetorical figures; figures of speech;
  • Summary/Abstract:In this paper, we will deal with different techniques used by journalists who chose to use expressive language in the titles of informative articles. Our study will focus on a recent corpus of articles published online in various French or francophone newspapers, weekly and monthly periodicals and on an information site. We will try to identify the intentions of the journalists that make use of various expressive techniques (homophony, alliteration, paronomasia, détournement of fixed phrases and proverbs, isotopy, polysemy, antithesis, original associations of proper and figurative meanings, etc.) as well as the discursive effects that they can create.
Quelques considérations concernant l'intégration des anglicismes dans la langue française

Quelques considérations concernant l'intégration des anglicismes dans la langue française
(Some considerations regarding the integration of anglicisms in the French language)

  • Author(s):Larisa-Elena Alui-Gheorghe
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Language studies, Syntax, Lexis, Semantics, Language acquisition, Psycholinguistics, Sociolinguistics, Cultural Essay, Philology, Translation Studies
  • Page Range:523-529
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Keywords:Anglicism; French language; English language; loanword; vocabulary; linguistics;
  • Summary/Abstract:Our aim is to analyze a few key factors, which determine the process of borrowing words of English origin into French, and the barriers that these words surpassed in order to be integrated in the French vocabulary. As we noticed, in the everyday speech, there are many words of English origin that have been inserted by the speakers and which are used frequently. What are the reasons that determine the use of this type of words? How can we check if the use of this kind of words is necessary? What solutions can we propose in order to avoid the use of this type of neologisms without a well-defined reason? These are some important questions to which we will try to find appropriate explanations and examples taken from everyday speech.
Le niveau-seuil en FLE : de la compétence à la performance dans une formation hybride en milieu professionnel

Le niveau-seuil en FLE : de la compétence à la performance dans une formation hybride en milieu professionnel
(The threshold-level in FLE: from skills to performance in a hybrid training in a professional milieu)

  • Author(s):Simona Mihaela Nistor
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Foreign languages learning, Language acquisition, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:530-542
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:skills; language performance; hybrid training; threshold levels; innovation; teaching strategies;
  • Summary/Abstract:In the era of globalisation, the need for a unitary language framework and the advent of new technologies have imposed a pedagogical reconfiguration of classical teaching models, favouring the creation of a dynamic and interactive education system, focused on the learners and their needs. In this context, the introduction of specialised methods for non-academic adult audiences has led to intense research in the field of language teaching. Designed to optimize the learning process through skills enhancement, the hybrid course is one of the strategies that appears to be fully aligned with the principles outlined in the CEFRL, providing multiple opportunities for learners: flexibility, autonomy, interaction, personalized content, variety of resources. The task-based approach, the active and differentiated pedagogy, the intercultural approach, strongly encouraged by the Council of Europe and valued within the educational activities involving the contribution of digital tools, are important tracks in the achievement of language performance in accordance with the threshold level designed in the CEFR, which we will analyze in detail from a hybrid system for learning French as a foreign language in professional context.
Les dictionnaires bilingues comme seuils interculturels

Les dictionnaires bilingues comme seuils interculturels
(Bilingual dictionaries as intercultural thresholds)

  • Author(s):Maria-Alexandra DRUȚU
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Christian Theology and Religion, Cultural history, History of ideas, Middle Ages, Recent History (1900 till today), Lexis, Semantics, Language acquisition, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:543-552
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:linguistic threshold; cultural threshold; translation threshold; threshold between the present and the past; bilingual lexicography; religious terminology;
  • Summary/Abstract:For religious and cultural reasons, from the 2nd Millennium onwards, lexicographic activity has experienced very significant development. If the first dictionaries in the West were the threshold for the understanding of religious texts, later, with the more and more frequent exchanges between East and West, bilingual dictionaries appeared, this time as a cultural threshold, with a modern language as the main language and emphasizing technical terminology rather than religious terminology. In our paper we will briefly present the evolution of dictionaries and then identify some specialty papers on religious terminology in Romanian and French. We will focus on the issue of translations from Romanian into French in the manner presented by Felicia Dumas in her papers, as well as the threshold represented by specialty dictionaries in religious translations, when talking about the representation of the Orthodox Christian religion in the French language. We will also present a comparative analysis between two French-Romanian bilingual dictionaries published in different centuries, to feature the threshold between the past and the present and the way in which the religious terms of an old dictionary are still taken up in another more recent one, despite developments and trends to remove them throughout history.
« Liturgie », Chișinău, 1815 : seuil vers les livres roumains en Moldavie

« Liturgie », Chișinău, 1815 : seuil vers les livres roumains en Moldavie
("Liturgie", Chișinău, 1815: a threshold towards the Romanian books in Moldova)

  • Author(s):Maria-Lucreţia Cazac
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Christian Theology and Religion, Cultural history, Theology and Religion, Romanian Literature, Russian Literature, Eastern Slavic Languages, 19th Century, Cultural Essay, Philology
  • Page Range:553 - 564
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:Romanian books; Bessarabia; religious text; Cyrillic alphabet; influence; Russian Empire;
  • Summary/Abstract:The main cultural threshold to Romanian books from the Bessarabian space is represented by religious texts. These constitute the link between the Romanian background and the new historical context of Russian origin of the 19th century. These texts have had a dual role in the maintenance and development of Christianity on the one hand, and in the propagation of cult variants of the Romanian literary language on the other. This study will analyse the first Romanian book produced in this political framework dominated by the Russian Empire, a liturgical book printed by the Metropolitan Gavriil Bănulescu-Bodoni in 1815, in Chișinău. The Liturgy is written in Cyrillic script, in Romanian, but it strictly followed the compositional structure and formal organization of Russian books.
La transparence et l'opacité de l'acte traduisant

La transparence et l'opacité de l'acte traduisant
(The transparence and opacity of the translating act)

  • Author(s):Paula Ilaş
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Christian Theology and Religion, Cultural history, Lexis, Cultural Essay, Philology, Translation Studies
  • Page Range:565 - 572
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:linguistic stasis; lexical and cultural constraints; idiomaticity; religious discourse; intertextuality;
  • Summary/Abstract:We aim to discuss in this article about the link between translation and linguistic stasis, more precisely for the Christian orthodox translations from French into Romanian. This type of linguistic stasis is present mainly in Romanian culture unlike other francophone western cultures. Therefore, the translator anxious to integrate into a tradition of translations of this kind is obliged to respect the lexical and cultural constraints of the language of arrival.
Au seuil de la modernité : Paul Verlaine. Au seuil de deux langues : Dimitrie Anghel et Șt. O. Iosif

Au seuil de la modernité : Paul Verlaine. Au seuil de deux langues : Dimitrie Anghel et Șt. O. Iosif
(On the threshold of modernity: Paul Verlaine. On the threshold of two languages: Dimitrie Anghel and Șt. O. Iosif)

  • Author(s):Oana- Gabriela Ichim
  • Language:French
  • Subject(s):Cultural history, Poetry, French Literature, Romanian Literature, Cultural Essay, Philology, Translation Studies
  • Page Range:573-582
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:poetry; translation; French; Romanian; rhythm; modernity;
  • Summary/Abstract:The French poet Paul Verlaine belongs to classicism from the point of view of poetic form and to modernity from the point of view of semantic content. His poems question the created artistic universe, just as modern poetry does. His lines are noticed by order, rigor and symmetry. The poets Dimitrie Anghel and Șt. O. Iosif tried to translate them in such a way that their variant has on the Romanian reader the same effect as the original on the French reader.
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