Znieważenie symboli i znaków państwowych – aspekty prawno-politologiczne
Insult of symbols and state signs – legal and political aspects

Summary/Abstract: Symbols and national symbols are legally protected goods, including under the provisions of the Penal Code. They are not only symbols in themselves, but they carry with them values, culture, history of the nation, they are a carrier of identity and belonging. National symbols are increasingly visible in public space. They are also often the subject of public discourse. The issue of their use is noticeable not only during official state ceremonies, but also noticeable at the time of manifestations caused, for example, by an attempt to implement legislative changes that have met with social dissatisfaction. The aim of the article is to present the legal and political aspects of insulting symbols and national signs. The article has a dual character. The first part deals with criminal law aspects of the protection of state symbols and signs. The second concerns political aspects. As part of this part, examples of socio-political manifestations were presented in which national symbols were used and transformed. The conclusions of this article relate in particular to deepening reflection on the demarcation of legally prohibited and permitted acts that are associated with the use of national symbols and state symbols.

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