ОСНОВНЫЕ ТИПЫ РЕЧЕВЫХ КУЛЬТУР В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ
THE BASIC TYPES OF SPEECH CULTURES IN MODERN SOCIETY

Summary/Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of differentiation of native speakers’ speech cultures. The concept of speech culture type, which is used in the article, suggests differentiating types of speech cultures according to a number of parameters. The question of native speakers’ speech culture formation is discussed. Thus, it is possible to speak about ideal model – elite type of speech culture, on the one hand – and real types of speech culture, formed during training, education and socialization of the person, on the other hand. These are literary, semi-literary, familiar-colloquial and slangy types. Literary and semi-literary types of speech cultures are sufficient for a civilized society, thus semi-literary type is considered as a literary type, which is not completed in formation. Other types of speech culture are dropping out of norms in society. The purpose of society and teachers is to raise such speakers’ speech culture type that could also reflect their intellectual and cultural development. The important problem is the development of test technique or questionnaire allowing us to reveal with sufficient confidence the type of dominating speech culture of the native speaker. Such technique has not been developed yet, and its development is a major problem of philologists. The test will be inefficient in offering to the speaker – they may try to embellish themselves. Obviously, the technique of interview by an expert under the certain scheme will allow us to define the type of speech culture of the interviewee most effectively.

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