Legea lui Newton între momentul 1687 și sfârșitul secolului al XX-lea
Newton’s Law between 1687 and the end of the 20th century

Summary/Abstract: The following paper is a modest homage to the personality of Isaac Newton (1643-1727) at the 375-th anniversary of his birth; just a year ago, 330 years have passed since the publication of the first edition of the famous fundamental work PHYLOSOPHIAE NATURALIS PRINCIPIA MATHEMATICA, which many scientists consider to be one of the brightest scientific achievements of all time. For reasons that will be mentioned in the right place, this paper is limited to some aspects of the second postulate (the Basic Law of Classical Mechanics), which is analyzed in three respects: (i) as mechanical causality, (ii) as a basic objective for the definition of equivalent force systems (the group of elementary equivalence operations of the competing force systems and the extension to someforce systems) and the classification system for force systems, and (iii) as a mathematical tool for analyzing the mechanical condition of the free and bonded material point and by extension of any system of material points (the whole and partial torsor theorem).

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