Aspekty podmiotowe i przedmiotowe ustroju rolnego
Subjective and objective aspects of the agricultural system

Summary/Abstract: The dominant entity in agriculture is a natural person defined as a farmer or an individual farmer. A farmer stands out among other business entities because of three basic features, which affect him/her legal status: the subject of activities, the professionality of functioning in a particular field and the property in the form of a farm, in most cases a family farm, which according to Art. 23 of the Polish Constitution is the basis of the agricultural system of the state. The objective scope of farmers’ activities has not been uniformly and unequivocally formally established. An agricultural activity is commonly considered to be a professional activity and a farmer is treated as a representative of a specific profession. A homestead is a comprehensive category of legislative, social and economic nature that form the basis of farmers’ professional work. The legislature requires that a homestead should be the base of farmer’s activities because only then the activities can be classified as a part of the objective sphere of agriculture and the entity can be recognized as a farmer. According to the provisions concerning the agricultural system the fulfillment of the qualification requirements allows a person to be categorized as a farmer and his/her farm to be recognized as a family farm, under the condition that it does not exceed appropriate territorial standards determined by law.

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