ЗА МЕСТОИМЕННИТЕ ЧАСТИЦИ «EN» И «Y» И ТЕХНИТЕ ЕКВИВАЛЕНТИ НА БЪЛГАРСКИ ЕЗИК
ON THE PRONOUN PARTICLES “EN” AND “Y” AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS IN BULGARIAN

Summary/Abstract: The article deals with the problem of "en " and "y " in linguo-didactic aspect and aims at its resolving for practical purposes. On the basis of contrastive analysis in semasiologic aspect, i.e. the form is taken for a starting point both in the French and in the Bulgarian text, and on identification of the contents with the purpose of determining the language level at which the translation is done, the foiloing conclusions were made: 1. "En" and "y " are translation units only at the level of the word. At the levels of phrase, sentence and the text, "en " and "y" do not have formal equivalents in Bulgarian and complete or partial restructuring of the Bulgarian sentences through different translation transformations, is observed. 2. The modus of the sentence changes in free translation which is characteristic of lyric and dramatic texts. At the same time, the preservation of the modus and dictum is directly related to other factors such as type of historic translation, the competence of the translator, etc. 3. Fading to complete is appearing of the referent meaning of "en " and "y" within the phrase. With respect to theory, we may establish the conclusion that "en " and "y ", together with le neutre and on impersonnel, are signs with third degree of abstraction - the pronominal system being a secondary semiotic system (Bloomfield). And concerning practical purposes, the acquisition of "en" and "ye " as elements of stable and semi-stable phrases, would be reasonable and would foster their use by Bulgarians. As a result from this study, we made a list of 141 examples with "en" and 46 with "y" plus their translation equivalents in Bulgarian. If this list is enriched with more examples, taken from journalistic texts, scientific texts and authentic oral speech, it would be invaluable source for translators as well as for learners of French.

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