Sociálno-ekonomická situácia domácností v Slovenskej republike
SOCIAL-ECONOMIC SITUATION OF HOUSEHOLDS IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

Summary/Abstract: The study deals with the social-economic situation of households in Slovakia. It is a significant indicator of success of the economic policy as well as the outcome of the transformation of the society. The transformation of the social-economic system in Slo-vakia led towards principal changes in the life of households. The growth of living expenses, the problems of unemployment and poverty, the growth of social disparities and significant differentiation of incomes concerned all of the groups of inhabitants and led towards changes in the strategies of households regu-lation to new economic conditions. The study considers the situation outlined not only from the strict economic point of view. The problem is presented also within its wide social dimension since the percep-tion of reality by the citizens is not formed by abstract information about macroeconom-ics parameters. It is formed d by the real state of their microeconomics situation which is developing in contradiction to their expectations these days. The unemployment, the growth of living expenses and the decrease of pecuniary income are the problems which are considered by Slovak households as dominant and which are bringing unsatisfaction at present times. Despite the statistic values of GDP and the traces of economic quickening in 1994 to 1998, there was no decrease of unemployment that was expected. This of course was reflected on the quality of life of a growing number of the affected households. The study therefore refers to a prevalence of the supply over the demand on the labour mar-ket, both from the macroeconomics and microeconomics point of view. This prevalence was manifested in macro level by changes in employment in sectors and branches of the national economy of the Slovak Republic and by disparities on the regional labour mar-kets. In micro level it was displayed by number of individual changes in employee status of economically active individuals, or in their being pushed out of the official labour market. The number of marginal territories with growing social problems, decreases pecuni-ary income and living expenses increases due to unemployment. Large groups of in-habitants are thus found at social periphery increasing the pressure on the social secu-rity resources of income. The excessive overstressing of the responsibility of households for their fate is therefore rather too one-sided and the reality shown that it is fully real-ised only by a part of households. Significant group of households is thrown upon the net of the social welfare. This fact thus excludes the weakening of the state functions in the social sphere.

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