THE CONFLICT BETWEEN ARMENIA AND AZERBAIJAN OVER THE NAGORNO-KARABAKH REGION. THE AMBIGUOUS POSITION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
THE CONFLICT BETWEEN ARMENIA AND AZERBAIJAN OVER THE NAGORNO-KARABAKH REGION. THE AMBIGUOUS POSITION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

Summary/Abstract: The conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh represents a complex interplay of historical rivalries, post-Soviet geopolitical transformations, and competing interests of regional and international actors. Despite its potential to act as a normative and stabilizing force, the European Union’s response has been characterized by ambiguity, caution, and inconsistency, influenced by internal divergences among member states and strategic energy dependencies. This paper examines the historical evolution of the conflict, the EU’s policies and limitations, and the influence of regional actors such as Russia and Turkey. Comparative analysis with the war in Ukraine highlights a perceived double standard in EU foreign policy. Finally, the study explores potential avenues for enhancing EU engagement, including strengthening civilian missions, diplomatic initiatives, and regional security frameworks. The work underscores the tension between the Union’s declared values and its strategic interests in the South Caucasus.

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