Gender equality in motion: the transformative power of new social movements in the EU and Türkiye
Gender equality in motion: the transformative power of new social movements in the EU and Türkiye

Summary/Abstract: Gender equality remains an unfinished global project despite decades of policy reform and feminist activism. This article examines gender equality through the lens of new social movement theory, drawing on a qualitative integrative review of sociological, gender studies, and policy-oriented literature. The study explores how grassroots activism and institutional responses interact in shaping outcomes related to labour market inequality, wage disparities, and work–life balance. Particular attention is given to intersectionality, highlighting how contemporary movements in the European Union and Türkiye address diverse and unequal experiences among women. Rather than presenting new empirical data, the study synthesises existing research to identify key patterns, achievements, and enduring challenges. The analysis demonstrates that while significant progress has been made in areas of education and political participation, structural and cultural barriers continue to limit full equality. The article argues that gender equality should be understood not merely as a policy objective, but as an ongoing process of social transformation sustained by collective action and institutional engagement.

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