ОТВЪД СИПТОМА: ТЕОРЕТИЧНА РАМКА ЗА ДИФЕРЕНЦИРАНЕ НА РИСКОВИТЕ ОБЛАСТИ В РАННОТО ДЕТСТВО
BEYOND THE SYMPTOM: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR DIFFERENTIATING RISK AREAS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD

Summary/Abstract: The article discusses possibilities for differentiating risk areas in early childhood in the context of children with early communicative difficulties. It takes as a starting point the practical situation in which parents’ concerns are often formulated in terms of single symptoms („late talking”, „lack of interest in others”, etc.), whereas risk assessment requires a broader view of developmental conditions and early manifestations. In the context of child development, risk is understood as an increased probability of an unfavourable outcome, associated with the accumulation and interaction of biological, medical and psycho-emotional factors and environmental conditions. On this basis, two groups of risk areas are proposed for consideration: (1) areas of potential risk related to the conditions of development (prenatal and perinatal factors, medical conditions, sensory deficits, psycho-emotional and family context, socio-economic conditions, digital exposure), and (2) areas of early manifestation (early communicative and motor difficulties, feeding and oral-motor problems, specificities of sensory processing and neuroregulation). The paper discusses how considering these areas together makes it possible to describe different risk profiles in children aged 1–3 years, and how such an approach may support more structured developmental history taking, collaboration within multidisciplinary teams and the orientation of early interventions towards specific areas of risk.

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