KREATYWNOŚĆ I SZTUCZNA INTELIGENCJA W SZTUKACH WIZUALNYCH. MIĘDZY ALGORYTMICZNĄ EKSPLORACJĄ A KRYTYCZNYM HAKOWANIEM NARZĘDZI GENERATYWNYCH
CREATIVITY AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE VISUAL ARTS: BETWEEN ALGORITHMIC EXPLORATION AND CRITICAL HACKING OF GENERATIVE TOOLS

Summary/Abstract: The article explores the complex relationship between creativity and artificial intelligence (AI) by analyzing two projects in the visual arts that utilize generative tools: Unsupervised by Refik Anadol and Koniec wojny (The End of the War) by Agnieszka Rayss and David Sypniewski. The first section presents a model of the creative process, emphasizing the dynamic interplay between psychological aspects (visual imagery, abstract thinking) and embodied aspects (intuition, tacit knowledge, and physical experience) in human creativity. While AI--and generative neural networks in particular--can produce novel material, it differs from human creativity, which is rooted in the physical world and seeks to break patterns and forge unexpected connections. The article discusses Margaret Boden's theory of creativity--distinguishing its three varieties of combinational, exploratory, and transformational--and examines the extent to which AI can emulate certain aspects of human creativity. By analyzing two examples of visual artworks created with the assistance of AI, the authors emphasize that making full use of the new technology's potential requires specialized technical expertise combined with aesthetic sensitivity. Ultimately, the "creativity" of AI boils down to generating averages that can support human ingenuity.

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