CALENDARS IN ANTIQUITY: THE EXAMPLE OF THE ANCIENT ATHENIAN CALENDAR IN THE CHURCH OF PANAGIA GORGOEPIKOOS
CALENDARS IN ANTIQUITY: THE EXAMPLE OF THE ANCIENT ATHENIAN CALENDAR IN THE CHURCH OF PANAGIA GORGOEPIKOOS

Summary/Abstract: This study examines the unique and remarkably well-preserved Frieze located in the Church of Panagia Gorgoepikoos (St. Eleftherios) in Athens. The Frieze provides a plethora of information about the ancient Athenian calendar and its cultural and astronomical significance. Carved from white Pentelic marble, it depicts the 12 months of the Athenian calendar accompanied by their corresponding zodiacal signs and seasonal activities. Through careful observation and analysis, figure representations of months, seasons, and even divisions of the day can be seen on the Frieze. The detailed portrayal of the depicted figures, and the later incorporation of Christian elements provide valuable insights into the adaily life and worldview of ancient Athenians. This remarkable artwork stands as a rare surviving example of an ancient Greek sculpted illustrated calendar, offering a window into the temporal rhythms and traditions of ancient Athens.

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