Мода в языке в свете метаязыковых оценок (на материале Национального корпуса русского языка)
Fashion in Language in Light of Metalinguistic Assessments (Based on the National Corpus of the Russian Language)

Summary/Abstract: The aim of the article is to study the composition and parameters of fashionable and unfashionable words in the Russian language. This class of units is formed using the metalinguistic search tool proposed by A. Mustayoki and I. T. Vepreva [MUSTAYOKI, VEPREVA 2015]. The research material is more than 100 units recorded in the National Corpus of the Russian Language. The main parameters of fashionable words are modernity, popularity, innovation, usage, axiological assessment, prestige of the 'user' of the unit etc. A fashionable word spreads 'from top to bottom': 'performers' imitate the leaders of a social group, regional media imitate the central ones. There are three main groups of units in the composition of fashionable words: foreign-language borrowings, slang vocabulary and semantic neologisms not recorded in explanatory dictionaries. There are commonly used fashionable words and fashionable words of limited use. The latter, for example, include words common in the speech of officials, Russian-speaking Internet users, 'in grocery stores' etc. Active use of fashionable words creates new word-formation paradigms (khaip, khaipovo, khaipanut' ). The composition of fashionable words is very flexible. Some fashionable words have entered explanatory dictionaries and are not currently recognised as fashionable. Native speakers perceive words that have ceased to be 'key words of the era' (Ye. A. Zemskaya) and have lost their importance for society at the moment as unfashionable. Among these, there are often words denoting 'eternal' values (love, honour, chastity, brotherhood etc.).

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