DIVERSIFICATION VERSUS SPECIALIZATION: A NEW AGENDA FOR CSR
DIVERSIFICATION VERSUS SPECIALIZATION: A NEW AGENDA FOR CSR

Summary/Abstract: The purpose of this study is twofold. Firstly, it seeks to explore the intricate connections between organizational strategies that are either diverse or specialized and corporate social responsibility (CSR). Secondly, it aims to investigate how diverse and specialized CSR strat- egies and activities impact organizations. A systematic literature review, complemented by a snowball search method, forms the basis of this research involving a comprehensive anal- ysis of 48 unique scholarly articles. Furthermore, the study integrates comparative analysis with descriptive techniques. The research results elucidate key connections between organi- zational strategies, whether diverse or specialized, and corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies and actions, encompassing both heterogeneous and homogenous approaches. It offers detailed insights into how CSR is affected and implemented across various organiza- tional practices, highlighting their complex nature. The findings span a broad spectrum of topics, falling under two primary categories: diversification (or heterogeneity) and speciali- zation (or homogeneity), with a notable emphasis on the former. Regarding the limitations of the research, the methodology of the systematic literature review included a manual search, which may have overlooked certain pertinent publications. Although there was an intention to maintain objectivity, the selection and interpretation of studies intrinsically involve a poten- tial for subjectivity. Nonetheless, the paper organizes and systematizes knowledge regarding the key links between diverse and specialized strategies and corporate social responsibility (CSR). To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of its kind in this domain.

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